Table 1:
Open in new tab

Preoperative features (183 patients)

AVR neglected (122 patients)AVR performed (61 patients)P-value
Male sex (n, %)49 (40.2)29 (46.8)0.39
Age, years (median, IQR)67 [61–75]64.5 [55–70]0.35
Hypertension (n, %)71 (58.2)33 (53.2)0.41
Chronic kidney disease (n, %)5 (4.1)1 (1.6)0.67
Smoking (n, %)8 (6.6)7 (11.3)0.27
Diabetes mellitus (n, %)3 (2.5)1 (1.6)0.99
COPD (n, %)8 (6.6)7 (11.3)0.27
CAD (n, %)19 (15.6)7 (11.3)0.42
CVD (n, %)12 (9.8)1 (1.6)0.063
Atrial fibrillation (n, %)46 (37.7)26 (41.9)0.61
NYHA functional class III/V (n, %)50 (41)24 (38.7)0.73
LVEF, % (median; IQR)60 [57–63]60 [55–65]0.79
sPAP, mmHg (median, IQR)40.5 [35–50]40 [36.5–45]0.14
End-systolic diameter, mm (mean ± SD)34.1 ± 4.739 ± 7.40.14
End-diastolic diameter, mm (median, IQR)54 [49–58]55.5 [49–59]0.50
Bicuspid valve (n, %)02 (3.2)0.11
Leaflet fibrosis (n, %)55 (45.1)33 (53.2)0.30
Leaflet calcifications (n, %)8 (6.6)8 (12.9)0.15
Rheumatic fever (n, %)38 (31.1)27 (43.5)0.096
MV stenosis (n, %)40 (32.8)28 (45.2)0.10
MV regurgitation (n, %)0.78
 329 (23.8)17 (27.4)
 485 (69.7)40 (64.5)
Tricuspid valve regurgitation (n, %)0.22
 229 (23.8)18 (29)
 331 (25.4)8 (12.9)
 411 (9)3 (4.8)
Redo surgery (n, %)12 (9.8)9 (14.5)0.35
AVR neglected (122 patients)AVR performed (61 patients)P-value
Male sex (n, %)49 (40.2)29 (46.8)0.39
Age, years (median, IQR)67 [61–75]64.5 [55–70]0.35
Hypertension (n, %)71 (58.2)33 (53.2)0.41
Chronic kidney disease (n, %)5 (4.1)1 (1.6)0.67
Smoking (n, %)8 (6.6)7 (11.3)0.27
Diabetes mellitus (n, %)3 (2.5)1 (1.6)0.99
COPD (n, %)8 (6.6)7 (11.3)0.27
CAD (n, %)19 (15.6)7 (11.3)0.42
CVD (n, %)12 (9.8)1 (1.6)0.063
Atrial fibrillation (n, %)46 (37.7)26 (41.9)0.61
NYHA functional class III/V (n, %)50 (41)24 (38.7)0.73
LVEF, % (median; IQR)60 [57–63]60 [55–65]0.79
sPAP, mmHg (median, IQR)40.5 [35–50]40 [36.5–45]0.14
End-systolic diameter, mm (mean ± SD)34.1 ± 4.739 ± 7.40.14
End-diastolic diameter, mm (median, IQR)54 [49–58]55.5 [49–59]0.50
Bicuspid valve (n, %)02 (3.2)0.11
Leaflet fibrosis (n, %)55 (45.1)33 (53.2)0.30
Leaflet calcifications (n, %)8 (6.6)8 (12.9)0.15
Rheumatic fever (n, %)38 (31.1)27 (43.5)0.096
MV stenosis (n, %)40 (32.8)28 (45.2)0.10
MV regurgitation (n, %)0.78
 329 (23.8)17 (27.4)
 485 (69.7)40 (64.5)
Tricuspid valve regurgitation (n, %)0.22
 229 (23.8)18 (29)
 331 (25.4)8 (12.9)
 411 (9)3 (4.8)
Redo surgery (n, %)12 (9.8)9 (14.5)0.35

AVR: aortic valve replacement; CAD: coronary artery disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD: cerebrovascular disease; IQR: interquartile range; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; MV: mitral valve; NYHA: New York Heart Association; SD: standard deviation; sPAP: systolic pulmonary artery pressure.

Table 1:
Open in new tab

Preoperative features (183 patients)

AVR neglected (122 patients)AVR performed (61 patients)P-value
Male sex (n, %)49 (40.2)29 (46.8)0.39
Age, years (median, IQR)67 [61–75]64.5 [55–70]0.35
Hypertension (n, %)71 (58.2)33 (53.2)0.41
Chronic kidney disease (n, %)5 (4.1)1 (1.6)0.67
Smoking (n, %)8 (6.6)7 (11.3)0.27
Diabetes mellitus (n, %)3 (2.5)1 (1.6)0.99
COPD (n, %)8 (6.6)7 (11.3)0.27
CAD (n, %)19 (15.6)7 (11.3)0.42
CVD (n, %)12 (9.8)1 (1.6)0.063
Atrial fibrillation (n, %)46 (37.7)26 (41.9)0.61
NYHA functional class III/V (n, %)50 (41)24 (38.7)0.73
LVEF, % (median; IQR)60 [57–63]60 [55–65]0.79
sPAP, mmHg (median, IQR)40.5 [35–50]40 [36.5–45]0.14
End-systolic diameter, mm (mean ± SD)34.1 ± 4.739 ± 7.40.14
End-diastolic diameter, mm (median, IQR)54 [49–58]55.5 [49–59]0.50
Bicuspid valve (n, %)02 (3.2)0.11
Leaflet fibrosis (n, %)55 (45.1)33 (53.2)0.30
Leaflet calcifications (n, %)8 (6.6)8 (12.9)0.15
Rheumatic fever (n, %)38 (31.1)27 (43.5)0.096
MV stenosis (n, %)40 (32.8)28 (45.2)0.10
MV regurgitation (n, %)0.78
 329 (23.8)17 (27.4)
 485 (69.7)40 (64.5)
Tricuspid valve regurgitation (n, %)0.22
 229 (23.8)18 (29)
 331 (25.4)8 (12.9)
 411 (9)3 (4.8)
Redo surgery (n, %)12 (9.8)9 (14.5)0.35
AVR neglected (122 patients)AVR performed (61 patients)P-value
Male sex (n, %)49 (40.2)29 (46.8)0.39
Age, years (median, IQR)67 [61–75]64.5 [55–70]0.35
Hypertension (n, %)71 (58.2)33 (53.2)0.41
Chronic kidney disease (n, %)5 (4.1)1 (1.6)0.67
Smoking (n, %)8 (6.6)7 (11.3)0.27
Diabetes mellitus (n, %)3 (2.5)1 (1.6)0.99
COPD (n, %)8 (6.6)7 (11.3)0.27
CAD (n, %)19 (15.6)7 (11.3)0.42
CVD (n, %)12 (9.8)1 (1.6)0.063
Atrial fibrillation (n, %)46 (37.7)26 (41.9)0.61
NYHA functional class III/V (n, %)50 (41)24 (38.7)0.73
LVEF, % (median; IQR)60 [57–63]60 [55–65]0.79
sPAP, mmHg (median, IQR)40.5 [35–50]40 [36.5–45]0.14
End-systolic diameter, mm (mean ± SD)34.1 ± 4.739 ± 7.40.14
End-diastolic diameter, mm (median, IQR)54 [49–58]55.5 [49–59]0.50
Bicuspid valve (n, %)02 (3.2)0.11
Leaflet fibrosis (n, %)55 (45.1)33 (53.2)0.30
Leaflet calcifications (n, %)8 (6.6)8 (12.9)0.15
Rheumatic fever (n, %)38 (31.1)27 (43.5)0.096
MV stenosis (n, %)40 (32.8)28 (45.2)0.10
MV regurgitation (n, %)0.78
 329 (23.8)17 (27.4)
 485 (69.7)40 (64.5)
Tricuspid valve regurgitation (n, %)0.22
 229 (23.8)18 (29)
 331 (25.4)8 (12.9)
 411 (9)3 (4.8)
Redo surgery (n, %)12 (9.8)9 (14.5)0.35

AVR: aortic valve replacement; CAD: coronary artery disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD: cerebrovascular disease; IQR: interquartile range; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; MV: mitral valve; NYHA: New York Heart Association; SD: standard deviation; sPAP: systolic pulmonary artery pressure.

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