Table 2.
Open in new tab

Treatment Characteristics of Patients Prepathway and Postpathway

Prepathway (n = 379)Postpathway (n = 434)P Value
First pathway agenta
First MRSA agent
Vancomycin341 (90.0)416 (95.9).001
Daptomycin27 (7.1)12 (2.8).004
Ceftaroline9 (2.4)4 (0.9).099
First BL regimen
None184 (48.5)18 (4.1)<.001
Cefepime79 (20.8)203 (46.8)<.001
Cefazolin22 (5.8)127 (29.3)<.001
Ceftaroline0 (0.0)10 (2.3).008
Ceftriaxone29 (7.7)49 (11.3).098
Piperacillin/tazobactam37 (9.8)13 (3.0)<.001
Others28 (7.3)14 (3.2).551
Time to start BL, hb,c
Cefepime 1.9 (0.4–9.4)1.6 (0.3–17.5).873
Cefazolin 39.1 (27.4–64.2)39.4 (27.7–54.9).748
Duration of BL, d
Cefepime1.2 (0.2–7.8)1.3 (0.5–3.0).932
Cefazolin3.0 (3–6)4.3 (1.5–5.6).925
Pathway agent at 48 hd
Anti-MRSA agent at 48 h
Vancomycin266 (70.2)372 (85.7)<.001
Daptomycin74 (19.5)43 (9.9)<.001
Ceftaroline20 (5.3)6 (1.4).002
BL regimen at 48 h
Nonee240 (63.3)24 (8.5)<.001
Cefepime44 (11.6)88 (20.3)<.001
Cefazolin21 (5.5)193 (44.5)<.001
Ceftaroline0 (0)14 (3.2)<.001
Ceftriaxone24 (6.3)50 (11.5).010
Piperacillin/tazobactam24 (6.9)15 (3.5).027
Others24 (6.3)5 (1.2)<.001
Primary pathway agentf
Primary anti-MRSA agent
Vancomycin201 (53.0)309 (71.2)<.001
Daptomycin131 (34.6)107 (24.7).002
Ceftaroline45 (11.9)15 (3.5)<.001
Primary BL regimen
Cefepime62 (16.5)88 (20.3).551
Cefazolin21 (5.5)242 (55.7)<.001
Ceftaroline1 (0.26)1 (0.23).565
Ceftriaxone22 (5.8)27 (6.2).031
Piperacillin/tazobactam15 (3.9)6 (1.4)<.001
Others17 (8.7)27 (6.3).269
Prepathway (n = 379)Postpathway (n = 434)P Value
First pathway agenta
First MRSA agent
Vancomycin341 (90.0)416 (95.9).001
Daptomycin27 (7.1)12 (2.8).004
Ceftaroline9 (2.4)4 (0.9).099
First BL regimen
None184 (48.5)18 (4.1)<.001
Cefepime79 (20.8)203 (46.8)<.001
Cefazolin22 (5.8)127 (29.3)<.001
Ceftaroline0 (0.0)10 (2.3).008
Ceftriaxone29 (7.7)49 (11.3).098
Piperacillin/tazobactam37 (9.8)13 (3.0)<.001
Others28 (7.3)14 (3.2).551
Time to start BL, hb,c
Cefepime 1.9 (0.4–9.4)1.6 (0.3–17.5).873
Cefazolin 39.1 (27.4–64.2)39.4 (27.7–54.9).748
Duration of BL, d
Cefepime1.2 (0.2–7.8)1.3 (0.5–3.0).932
Cefazolin3.0 (3–6)4.3 (1.5–5.6).925
Pathway agent at 48 hd
Anti-MRSA agent at 48 h
Vancomycin266 (70.2)372 (85.7)<.001
Daptomycin74 (19.5)43 (9.9)<.001
Ceftaroline20 (5.3)6 (1.4).002
BL regimen at 48 h
Nonee240 (63.3)24 (8.5)<.001
Cefepime44 (11.6)88 (20.3)<.001
Cefazolin21 (5.5)193 (44.5)<.001
Ceftaroline0 (0)14 (3.2)<.001
Ceftriaxone24 (6.3)50 (11.5).010
Piperacillin/tazobactam24 (6.9)15 (3.5).027
Others24 (6.3)5 (1.2)<.001
Primary pathway agentf
Primary anti-MRSA agent
Vancomycin201 (53.0)309 (71.2)<.001
Daptomycin131 (34.6)107 (24.7).002
Ceftaroline45 (11.9)15 (3.5)<.001
Primary BL regimen
Cefepime62 (16.5)88 (20.3).551
Cefazolin21 (5.5)242 (55.7)<.001
Ceftaroline1 (0.26)1 (0.23).565
Ceftriaxone22 (5.8)27 (6.2).031
Piperacillin/tazobactam15 (3.9)6 (1.4)<.001
Others17 (8.7)27 (6.3).269

Values are presented as median (IQR) or No. (%).

Abbreviations: BL, beta-lactam; IQR, interquartile range; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

aFirst anti-MRSA agent or BL regimen was defined as the agent the patient received first during the encounter.

bIndicates from start of MRSA culture.

cIf regimen started before MRSA, time is considered 0.

dAnti-MRSA agent or BL regimen at 48 hours was defined as the agent/regimen received at 48 hours starting from the first anti-MRSA and/or BL.

eNone implies that after applying the 48-hour rule, no other beta-lactams were given (ie, beta-lactam duration was <48 hours.

fPrimary anti-MRSA agent or BL regimen was defined as the agent/regimen with the longest duration of treatment during the same encounter, only among those with a BL combination.

Table 2.
Open in new tab

Treatment Characteristics of Patients Prepathway and Postpathway

Prepathway (n = 379)Postpathway (n = 434)P Value
First pathway agenta
First MRSA agent
Vancomycin341 (90.0)416 (95.9).001
Daptomycin27 (7.1)12 (2.8).004
Ceftaroline9 (2.4)4 (0.9).099
First BL regimen
None184 (48.5)18 (4.1)<.001
Cefepime79 (20.8)203 (46.8)<.001
Cefazolin22 (5.8)127 (29.3)<.001
Ceftaroline0 (0.0)10 (2.3).008
Ceftriaxone29 (7.7)49 (11.3).098
Piperacillin/tazobactam37 (9.8)13 (3.0)<.001
Others28 (7.3)14 (3.2).551
Time to start BL, hb,c
Cefepime 1.9 (0.4–9.4)1.6 (0.3–17.5).873
Cefazolin 39.1 (27.4–64.2)39.4 (27.7–54.9).748
Duration of BL, d
Cefepime1.2 (0.2–7.8)1.3 (0.5–3.0).932
Cefazolin3.0 (3–6)4.3 (1.5–5.6).925
Pathway agent at 48 hd
Anti-MRSA agent at 48 h
Vancomycin266 (70.2)372 (85.7)<.001
Daptomycin74 (19.5)43 (9.9)<.001
Ceftaroline20 (5.3)6 (1.4).002
BL regimen at 48 h
Nonee240 (63.3)24 (8.5)<.001
Cefepime44 (11.6)88 (20.3)<.001
Cefazolin21 (5.5)193 (44.5)<.001
Ceftaroline0 (0)14 (3.2)<.001
Ceftriaxone24 (6.3)50 (11.5).010
Piperacillin/tazobactam24 (6.9)15 (3.5).027
Others24 (6.3)5 (1.2)<.001
Primary pathway agentf
Primary anti-MRSA agent
Vancomycin201 (53.0)309 (71.2)<.001
Daptomycin131 (34.6)107 (24.7).002
Ceftaroline45 (11.9)15 (3.5)<.001
Primary BL regimen
Cefepime62 (16.5)88 (20.3).551
Cefazolin21 (5.5)242 (55.7)<.001
Ceftaroline1 (0.26)1 (0.23).565
Ceftriaxone22 (5.8)27 (6.2).031
Piperacillin/tazobactam15 (3.9)6 (1.4)<.001
Others17 (8.7)27 (6.3).269
Prepathway (n = 379)Postpathway (n = 434)P Value
First pathway agenta
First MRSA agent
Vancomycin341 (90.0)416 (95.9).001
Daptomycin27 (7.1)12 (2.8).004
Ceftaroline9 (2.4)4 (0.9).099
First BL regimen
None184 (48.5)18 (4.1)<.001
Cefepime79 (20.8)203 (46.8)<.001
Cefazolin22 (5.8)127 (29.3)<.001
Ceftaroline0 (0.0)10 (2.3).008
Ceftriaxone29 (7.7)49 (11.3).098
Piperacillin/tazobactam37 (9.8)13 (3.0)<.001
Others28 (7.3)14 (3.2).551
Time to start BL, hb,c
Cefepime 1.9 (0.4–9.4)1.6 (0.3–17.5).873
Cefazolin 39.1 (27.4–64.2)39.4 (27.7–54.9).748
Duration of BL, d
Cefepime1.2 (0.2–7.8)1.3 (0.5–3.0).932
Cefazolin3.0 (3–6)4.3 (1.5–5.6).925
Pathway agent at 48 hd
Anti-MRSA agent at 48 h
Vancomycin266 (70.2)372 (85.7)<.001
Daptomycin74 (19.5)43 (9.9)<.001
Ceftaroline20 (5.3)6 (1.4).002
BL regimen at 48 h
Nonee240 (63.3)24 (8.5)<.001
Cefepime44 (11.6)88 (20.3)<.001
Cefazolin21 (5.5)193 (44.5)<.001
Ceftaroline0 (0)14 (3.2)<.001
Ceftriaxone24 (6.3)50 (11.5).010
Piperacillin/tazobactam24 (6.9)15 (3.5).027
Others24 (6.3)5 (1.2)<.001
Primary pathway agentf
Primary anti-MRSA agent
Vancomycin201 (53.0)309 (71.2)<.001
Daptomycin131 (34.6)107 (24.7).002
Ceftaroline45 (11.9)15 (3.5)<.001
Primary BL regimen
Cefepime62 (16.5)88 (20.3).551
Cefazolin21 (5.5)242 (55.7)<.001
Ceftaroline1 (0.26)1 (0.23).565
Ceftriaxone22 (5.8)27 (6.2).031
Piperacillin/tazobactam15 (3.9)6 (1.4)<.001
Others17 (8.7)27 (6.3).269

Values are presented as median (IQR) or No. (%).

Abbreviations: BL, beta-lactam; IQR, interquartile range; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

aFirst anti-MRSA agent or BL regimen was defined as the agent the patient received first during the encounter.

bIndicates from start of MRSA culture.

cIf regimen started before MRSA, time is considered 0.

dAnti-MRSA agent or BL regimen at 48 hours was defined as the agent/regimen received at 48 hours starting from the first anti-MRSA and/or BL.

eNone implies that after applying the 48-hour rule, no other beta-lactams were given (ie, beta-lactam duration was <48 hours.

fPrimary anti-MRSA agent or BL regimen was defined as the agent/regimen with the longest duration of treatment during the same encounter, only among those with a BL combination.

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