Main causes of AIN, respective mechanisms, suggested interrogation about food and drug intake and minimum biological or radiological workup
| Cause . | Mechanism . | Workup . |
|---|---|---|
| Drugs |
|
|
| Sarcoidosis | Unknown |
|
| TINU | Autoimmune | Eye fundus |
| Sjögren’s syndrome | Autoimmune | Serum protein electrophoresis |
| Lupus | Autoimmune | Anti-nuclear antibody, anti-DNA, C3 and C4 complement proteins |
| IgG4 disease | Autoimmune | IgG4 concentration |
| Primary biliary cholangitis | Autoimmune | Liver enzymes |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | Autoinflammatory | Crystalluria/pharmacovigilance |
| Bacteria | Infectious | Cytobacteriological urine examination and specific cultures |
| Virus | Infectious/immune | Specific serologies |
| Fungi/protozoa | Infectious | Urine-specific cultures |
| Oxalosis | Crystallization |
|
| Cortinar intoxication | Acute tubular necrosis | Food inquiry |
| Cause . | Mechanism . | Workup . |
|---|---|---|
| Drugs |
|
|
| Sarcoidosis | Unknown |
|
| TINU | Autoimmune | Eye fundus |
| Sjögren’s syndrome | Autoimmune | Serum protein electrophoresis |
| Lupus | Autoimmune | Anti-nuclear antibody, anti-DNA, C3 and C4 complement proteins |
| IgG4 disease | Autoimmune | IgG4 concentration |
| Primary biliary cholangitis | Autoimmune | Liver enzymes |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | Autoinflammatory | Crystalluria/pharmacovigilance |
| Bacteria | Infectious | Cytobacteriological urine examination and specific cultures |
| Virus | Infectious/immune | Specific serologies |
| Fungi/protozoa | Infectious | Urine-specific cultures |
| Oxalosis | Crystallization |
|
| Cortinar intoxication | Acute tubular necrosis | Food inquiry |
TINU, tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis.
Main causes of AIN, respective mechanisms, suggested interrogation about food and drug intake and minimum biological or radiological workup
| Cause . | Mechanism . | Workup . |
|---|---|---|
| Drugs |
|
|
| Sarcoidosis | Unknown |
|
| TINU | Autoimmune | Eye fundus |
| Sjögren’s syndrome | Autoimmune | Serum protein electrophoresis |
| Lupus | Autoimmune | Anti-nuclear antibody, anti-DNA, C3 and C4 complement proteins |
| IgG4 disease | Autoimmune | IgG4 concentration |
| Primary biliary cholangitis | Autoimmune | Liver enzymes |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | Autoinflammatory | Crystalluria/pharmacovigilance |
| Bacteria | Infectious | Cytobacteriological urine examination and specific cultures |
| Virus | Infectious/immune | Specific serologies |
| Fungi/protozoa | Infectious | Urine-specific cultures |
| Oxalosis | Crystallization |
|
| Cortinar intoxication | Acute tubular necrosis | Food inquiry |
| Cause . | Mechanism . | Workup . |
|---|---|---|
| Drugs |
|
|
| Sarcoidosis | Unknown |
|
| TINU | Autoimmune | Eye fundus |
| Sjögren’s syndrome | Autoimmune | Serum protein electrophoresis |
| Lupus | Autoimmune | Anti-nuclear antibody, anti-DNA, C3 and C4 complement proteins |
| IgG4 disease | Autoimmune | IgG4 concentration |
| Primary biliary cholangitis | Autoimmune | Liver enzymes |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | Autoinflammatory | Crystalluria/pharmacovigilance |
| Bacteria | Infectious | Cytobacteriological urine examination and specific cultures |
| Virus | Infectious/immune | Specific serologies |
| Fungi/protozoa | Infectious | Urine-specific cultures |
| Oxalosis | Crystallization |
|
| Cortinar intoxication | Acute tubular necrosis | Food inquiry |
TINU, tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis.
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