Baseline characteristics of the included participants according to combined metabolic and obese status (n = 7472).
| . | MHN (n = 3232) . | MUN (n = 860) . | MHO (n = 1255) . | MUO (n = 2125) . | p-Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 53 ± 10 | 56 ± 10 | 51 ± 9 | 54 ± 10 | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 1623 (50.2) | 306 (35.6) | 602 (48.0) | 952 (44.8) | <0.001 |
| Ethnicity of Han (%) | 3058 (94.6) | 816 (94.9) | 1152 (91.8) | 1997 (94.0) | 0.003 |
| Current smoking (%) | 1318 (40.8) | 301 (35.0) | 397 (31.6) | 644 (30.3) | <0.001 |
| Current drinking (%) | 817 (25.3) | 179 (20.8) | 284 (22.6) | 483 (22.7) | 0.016 |
| Education ≥high school (%) | 311 (9.6) | 59 (6.9) | 128 (10.2) | 222 (10.4) | 0.022 |
| Family income >5000 CNY/year (%) | 2880 (89.1) | 750 (87.2) | 1155 (92.0) | 1921 (90.4) | 0.001 |
| Regular exercise (%) | 588 (18.2) | 204 (23.7) | 217 (17.3) | 521 (24.5) | <0.001 |
| Family history of CVD (%) | 784 (24.3) | 215 (25.0) | 337 (26.9) | 610 (28.7) | 0.003 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.0 ± 1.9 | 23.1 ± 1.6 | 27.3 ± 2.6 | 28.3 ± 2.7 | <0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 75.0 ± 6.4 | 81.8 ± 6.8 | 85.6 ± 8.1 | 90.9 ± 7.4 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 134.2 ± 20.7 | 148.8 ± 21.6 | 138.5 ± 22.3 | 150.6 ± 22.1 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 78.7 ± 10.8 | 84.7 ± 11.8 | 81.0 ± 11.1 | 86.9 ± 11.2 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/l) | 5.1 ± 1.0 | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 5.2 ± 0.9 | 5.5 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/l) | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 1.8 | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 2.3 ± 1.9 | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 3.2 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/l) | 5.5 ± 1.1 | 6.4 ± 1.9 | 5.4 ± 0.8 | 6.4 ± 1.9 | <0.001 |
| Serum uric acid (μmol/l) | 271.3 ± 75.8 | 290.6 ± 82.4 | 281.3 ± 79.8 | 313.5 ± 87.1 | <0.001 |
| Estimated GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 95.7 ± 14.4 | 89.9 ± 14.3 | 97.6 ± 13.4 | 91.8 ± 15.5 | <0.001 |
| Antihypertensive medication (%) | 186 (5.8) | 126 (14.7) | 119 (9.5) | 498 (23.4) | <0.001 |
| Statin use (%) | 1 (0.0) | 0 | 0 | 4 (0.2) | 0.151 |
| Aspirin use (%) | 14 (0.4) | 5 (0.6) | 8 (0.6) | 31 (1.5) | <0.001 |
| . | MHN (n = 3232) . | MUN (n = 860) . | MHO (n = 1255) . | MUO (n = 2125) . | p-Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 53 ± 10 | 56 ± 10 | 51 ± 9 | 54 ± 10 | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 1623 (50.2) | 306 (35.6) | 602 (48.0) | 952 (44.8) | <0.001 |
| Ethnicity of Han (%) | 3058 (94.6) | 816 (94.9) | 1152 (91.8) | 1997 (94.0) | 0.003 |
| Current smoking (%) | 1318 (40.8) | 301 (35.0) | 397 (31.6) | 644 (30.3) | <0.001 |
| Current drinking (%) | 817 (25.3) | 179 (20.8) | 284 (22.6) | 483 (22.7) | 0.016 |
| Education ≥high school (%) | 311 (9.6) | 59 (6.9) | 128 (10.2) | 222 (10.4) | 0.022 |
| Family income >5000 CNY/year (%) | 2880 (89.1) | 750 (87.2) | 1155 (92.0) | 1921 (90.4) | 0.001 |
| Regular exercise (%) | 588 (18.2) | 204 (23.7) | 217 (17.3) | 521 (24.5) | <0.001 |
| Family history of CVD (%) | 784 (24.3) | 215 (25.0) | 337 (26.9) | 610 (28.7) | 0.003 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.0 ± 1.9 | 23.1 ± 1.6 | 27.3 ± 2.6 | 28.3 ± 2.7 | <0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 75.0 ± 6.4 | 81.8 ± 6.8 | 85.6 ± 8.1 | 90.9 ± 7.4 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 134.2 ± 20.7 | 148.8 ± 21.6 | 138.5 ± 22.3 | 150.6 ± 22.1 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 78.7 ± 10.8 | 84.7 ± 11.8 | 81.0 ± 11.1 | 86.9 ± 11.2 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/l) | 5.1 ± 1.0 | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 5.2 ± 0.9 | 5.5 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/l) | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 1.8 | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 2.3 ± 1.9 | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 3.2 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/l) | 5.5 ± 1.1 | 6.4 ± 1.9 | 5.4 ± 0.8 | 6.4 ± 1.9 | <0.001 |
| Serum uric acid (μmol/l) | 271.3 ± 75.8 | 290.6 ± 82.4 | 281.3 ± 79.8 | 313.5 ± 87.1 | <0.001 |
| Estimated GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 95.7 ± 14.4 | 89.9 ± 14.3 | 97.6 ± 13.4 | 91.8 ± 15.5 | <0.001 |
| Antihypertensive medication (%) | 186 (5.8) | 126 (14.7) | 119 (9.5) | 498 (23.4) | <0.001 |
| Statin use (%) | 1 (0.0) | 0 | 0 | 4 (0.2) | 0.151 |
| Aspirin use (%) | 14 (0.4) | 5 (0.6) | 8 (0.6) | 31 (1.5) | <0.001 |
BMI: body mass index; CNY: China Yuan; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; GFR: glomerular filtration rate; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MHN: metabolically healthy non-obesity; MHO: metabolically healthy obesity; MUN: metabolically unhealthy non-obesity; MUO: metabolically unhealthy obesity; SBP: systolic blood pressure; SD: standard deviation; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; WC: waist circumference.
Data are expressed as mean ± SD or as n (%).
Baseline characteristics of the included participants according to combined metabolic and obese status (n = 7472).
| . | MHN (n = 3232) . | MUN (n = 860) . | MHO (n = 1255) . | MUO (n = 2125) . | p-Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 53 ± 10 | 56 ± 10 | 51 ± 9 | 54 ± 10 | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 1623 (50.2) | 306 (35.6) | 602 (48.0) | 952 (44.8) | <0.001 |
| Ethnicity of Han (%) | 3058 (94.6) | 816 (94.9) | 1152 (91.8) | 1997 (94.0) | 0.003 |
| Current smoking (%) | 1318 (40.8) | 301 (35.0) | 397 (31.6) | 644 (30.3) | <0.001 |
| Current drinking (%) | 817 (25.3) | 179 (20.8) | 284 (22.6) | 483 (22.7) | 0.016 |
| Education ≥high school (%) | 311 (9.6) | 59 (6.9) | 128 (10.2) | 222 (10.4) | 0.022 |
| Family income >5000 CNY/year (%) | 2880 (89.1) | 750 (87.2) | 1155 (92.0) | 1921 (90.4) | 0.001 |
| Regular exercise (%) | 588 (18.2) | 204 (23.7) | 217 (17.3) | 521 (24.5) | <0.001 |
| Family history of CVD (%) | 784 (24.3) | 215 (25.0) | 337 (26.9) | 610 (28.7) | 0.003 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.0 ± 1.9 | 23.1 ± 1.6 | 27.3 ± 2.6 | 28.3 ± 2.7 | <0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 75.0 ± 6.4 | 81.8 ± 6.8 | 85.6 ± 8.1 | 90.9 ± 7.4 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 134.2 ± 20.7 | 148.8 ± 21.6 | 138.5 ± 22.3 | 150.6 ± 22.1 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 78.7 ± 10.8 | 84.7 ± 11.8 | 81.0 ± 11.1 | 86.9 ± 11.2 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/l) | 5.1 ± 1.0 | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 5.2 ± 0.9 | 5.5 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/l) | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 1.8 | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 2.3 ± 1.9 | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 3.2 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/l) | 5.5 ± 1.1 | 6.4 ± 1.9 | 5.4 ± 0.8 | 6.4 ± 1.9 | <0.001 |
| Serum uric acid (μmol/l) | 271.3 ± 75.8 | 290.6 ± 82.4 | 281.3 ± 79.8 | 313.5 ± 87.1 | <0.001 |
| Estimated GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 95.7 ± 14.4 | 89.9 ± 14.3 | 97.6 ± 13.4 | 91.8 ± 15.5 | <0.001 |
| Antihypertensive medication (%) | 186 (5.8) | 126 (14.7) | 119 (9.5) | 498 (23.4) | <0.001 |
| Statin use (%) | 1 (0.0) | 0 | 0 | 4 (0.2) | 0.151 |
| Aspirin use (%) | 14 (0.4) | 5 (0.6) | 8 (0.6) | 31 (1.5) | <0.001 |
| . | MHN (n = 3232) . | MUN (n = 860) . | MHO (n = 1255) . | MUO (n = 2125) . | p-Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 53 ± 10 | 56 ± 10 | 51 ± 9 | 54 ± 10 | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 1623 (50.2) | 306 (35.6) | 602 (48.0) | 952 (44.8) | <0.001 |
| Ethnicity of Han (%) | 3058 (94.6) | 816 (94.9) | 1152 (91.8) | 1997 (94.0) | 0.003 |
| Current smoking (%) | 1318 (40.8) | 301 (35.0) | 397 (31.6) | 644 (30.3) | <0.001 |
| Current drinking (%) | 817 (25.3) | 179 (20.8) | 284 (22.6) | 483 (22.7) | 0.016 |
| Education ≥high school (%) | 311 (9.6) | 59 (6.9) | 128 (10.2) | 222 (10.4) | 0.022 |
| Family income >5000 CNY/year (%) | 2880 (89.1) | 750 (87.2) | 1155 (92.0) | 1921 (90.4) | 0.001 |
| Regular exercise (%) | 588 (18.2) | 204 (23.7) | 217 (17.3) | 521 (24.5) | <0.001 |
| Family history of CVD (%) | 784 (24.3) | 215 (25.0) | 337 (26.9) | 610 (28.7) | 0.003 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.0 ± 1.9 | 23.1 ± 1.6 | 27.3 ± 2.6 | 28.3 ± 2.7 | <0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 75.0 ± 6.4 | 81.8 ± 6.8 | 85.6 ± 8.1 | 90.9 ± 7.4 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 134.2 ± 20.7 | 148.8 ± 21.6 | 138.5 ± 22.3 | 150.6 ± 22.1 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 78.7 ± 10.8 | 84.7 ± 11.8 | 81.0 ± 11.1 | 86.9 ± 11.2 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/l) | 5.1 ± 1.0 | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 5.2 ± 0.9 | 5.5 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/l) | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 1.8 | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 2.3 ± 1.9 | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 3.2 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/l) | 5.5 ± 1.1 | 6.4 ± 1.9 | 5.4 ± 0.8 | 6.4 ± 1.9 | <0.001 |
| Serum uric acid (μmol/l) | 271.3 ± 75.8 | 290.6 ± 82.4 | 281.3 ± 79.8 | 313.5 ± 87.1 | <0.001 |
| Estimated GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 95.7 ± 14.4 | 89.9 ± 14.3 | 97.6 ± 13.4 | 91.8 ± 15.5 | <0.001 |
| Antihypertensive medication (%) | 186 (5.8) | 126 (14.7) | 119 (9.5) | 498 (23.4) | <0.001 |
| Statin use (%) | 1 (0.0) | 0 | 0 | 4 (0.2) | 0.151 |
| Aspirin use (%) | 14 (0.4) | 5 (0.6) | 8 (0.6) | 31 (1.5) | <0.001 |
BMI: body mass index; CNY: China Yuan; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; GFR: glomerular filtration rate; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MHN: metabolically healthy non-obesity; MHO: metabolically healthy obesity; MUN: metabolically unhealthy non-obesity; MUO: metabolically unhealthy obesity; SBP: systolic blood pressure; SD: standard deviation; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; WC: waist circumference.
Data are expressed as mean ± SD or as n (%).
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