Table 2. Open in new tab Frequency of...

	Laboratory-Confirmed Zika Infection^a
Microcephaly
Yes	7 (7.14)	2.92–14.17	6 (10.17)	3.82–20.83	1 (3.45)	.09–17.77	.499
No	91 (92.86)	85.84–97.08	53 (89.83)	79.17–96.18	28 (96.55)	82.23–99.91
SGA
Yes	7 (7.14)	2.92–14.17	4 (6.78)	1.88–16.46	3 (10.34)	2.19–27.35	.871
No	91 (92.86)	85.84–97.08	55 (93.22)	83.54–98.12	26 (89.66)	72.64–97.81
Abnormal eye fundus
Yes	4 (4.08)	1.12–10.12	4 (6.78)	1.88–16.46	0 (0.00)	.00–11.97	… ^c
No	72 (73.47)	63.59–81.88	41 (69.49)	56.13–80.82	26 (89.66)	72.64–97.81
Unknown	22 (22.45)	14.63–31.99	14 (23.73)	13.62–36.60	3 (10.34)	2.19–27.35
Abnormal BERA
Yes	7 (7.14)	2.92–14.17	6 (10.17)	3.82–20.83	1 (3.45)	.09–17.77	.540
No	55 (56.12)	45.73–66.14	33 (55.93)	42.40–68.85	18 (62.07)	42.26–79.32
Unknown	36 (36.73)	27.22–47.08	20 (33.90)	22.08–47.39	10 (34.48)	17.94–54.33
Structural brain abnormality
Yes	12 (12.24)	6.49–20.41	10 (16.95)	8.44–28.97	1 (3.45	.09–17.77	.178
No	71 (73.47)	62.50–81.00	42 (71.19)	57.92–82.24	25 (86.21)	68.34–96.11
Unknown	15 (14.29)	8.83–23.99	7 (11.86)	4.90–22.93	3 (10.34)	2.19–27.35
Premature birth
Yes	15 (15.31)	8.83-23-99	11 (18.64)	9.69–30.92	4 (13.79)	3.89–31.67	.789
No	83 (84.69)	76.01–91.17	48 (81.36)	69.08–90.31	25 (86.21)	68.34–96.11
Any of the above abnormalities
Yes	32 (32.65)	23.52–42.87	22 (37.29)	25.04–50.86	9 (31.03)	15.28–50.83	.734
No	66 (67.35)	57.13–76.49	37 (62.71)	49.14–74.96	20 (68.97)	49.17–84.72
Total	98 (100)		59		29

Laboratory-Confirmed Zika Infection^a

Frequency

Positive

Negative

Outcome

No. (%)

95% CI

No. (%)

95% CI

No. (%)

95% CI

P Value^b

Microcephaly

Yes

7 (7.14)

2.92–14.17

6 (10.17)

3.82–20.83

1 (3.45)

.09–17.77

.499

91 (92.86)

85.84–97.08

53 (89.83)

79.17–96.18

28 (96.55)

82.23–99.91

SGA

Yes

7 (7.14)

2.92–14.17

4 (6.78)

1.88–16.46

3 (10.34)

2.19–27.35

.871

91 (92.86)

85.84–97.08

55 (93.22)

83.54–98.12

26 (89.66)

72.64–97.81

Abnormal eye fundus

Yes

4 (4.08)

1.12–10.12

4 (6.78)

1.88–16.46

0 (0.00)

.00–11.97

… ^c

72 (73.47)

63.59–81.88

41 (69.49)

56.13–80.82

26 (89.66)

72.64–97.81

Unknown

22 (22.45)

14.63–31.99

14 (23.73)

13.62–36.60

3 (10.34)

2.19–27.35

Abnormal BERA

Yes

7 (7.14)

2.92–14.17

6 (10.17)

3.82–20.83

1 (3.45)

.09–17.77

.540

55 (56.12)

45.73–66.14

33 (55.93)

42.40–68.85

18 (62.07)

42.26–79.32

Unknown

36 (36.73)

27.22–47.08

20 (33.90)

22.08–47.39

10 (34.48)

17.94–54.33

Structural brain abnormality

Yes

12 (12.24)

6.49–20.41

10 (16.95)

8.44–28.97

1 (3.45

.09–17.77

.178

71 (73.47)

62.50–81.00

42 (71.19)

57.92–82.24

25 (86.21)

68.34–96.11

Unknown

15 (14.29)

8.83–23.99

7 (11.86)

4.90–22.93

3 (10.34)

2.19–27.35

Premature birth

Yes

15 (15.31)

8.83-23-99

11 (18.64)

9.69–30.92

4 (13.79)

3.89–31.67

.789

83 (84.69)

76.01–91.17

48 (81.36)

69.08–90.31

25 (86.21)

68.34–96.11

Any of the above abnormalities

Yes

32 (32.65)

23.52–42.87

22 (37.29)

25.04–50.86

9 (31.03)

15.28–50.83

.734

66 (67.35)

57.13–76.49

37 (62.71)

49.14–74.96

20 (68.97)

49.17–84.72

Total

98 (100)

	Laboratory-Confirmed Zika Infection^a
Microcephaly
Yes	7 (7.14)	2.92–14.17	6 (10.17)	3.82–20.83	1 (3.45)	.09–17.77	.499
No	91 (92.86)	85.84–97.08	53 (89.83)	79.17–96.18	28 (96.55)	82.23–99.91
SGA
Yes	7 (7.14)	2.92–14.17	4 (6.78)	1.88–16.46	3 (10.34)	2.19–27.35	.871
No	91 (92.86)	85.84–97.08	55 (93.22)	83.54–98.12	26 (89.66)	72.64–97.81
Abnormal eye fundus
Yes	4 (4.08)	1.12–10.12	4 (6.78)	1.88–16.46	0 (0.00)	.00–11.97	… ^c
No	72 (73.47)	63.59–81.88	41 (69.49)	56.13–80.82	26 (89.66)	72.64–97.81
Unknown	22 (22.45)	14.63–31.99	14 (23.73)	13.62–36.60	3 (10.34)	2.19–27.35
Abnormal BERA
Yes	7 (7.14)	2.92–14.17	6 (10.17)	3.82–20.83	1 (3.45)	.09–17.77	.540
No	55 (56.12)	45.73–66.14	33 (55.93)	42.40–68.85	18 (62.07)	42.26–79.32
Unknown	36 (36.73)	27.22–47.08	20 (33.90)	22.08–47.39	10 (34.48)	17.94–54.33
Structural brain abnormality
Yes	12 (12.24)	6.49–20.41	10 (16.95)	8.44–28.97	1 (3.45	.09–17.77	.178
No	71 (73.47)	62.50–81.00	42 (71.19)	57.92–82.24	25 (86.21)	68.34–96.11
Unknown	15 (14.29)	8.83–23.99	7 (11.86)	4.90–22.93	3 (10.34)	2.19–27.35
Premature birth
Yes	15 (15.31)	8.83-23-99	11 (18.64)	9.69–30.92	4 (13.79)	3.89–31.67	.789
No	83 (84.69)	76.01–91.17	48 (81.36)	69.08–90.31	25 (86.21)	68.34–96.11
Any of the above abnormalities
Yes	32 (32.65)	23.52–42.87	22 (37.29)	25.04–50.86	9 (31.03)	15.28–50.83	.734
No	66 (67.35)	57.13–76.49	37 (62.71)	49.14–74.96	20 (68.97)	49.17–84.72
Total	98 (100)		59		29

Table 2.

Open in new tab

Frequency of Severe Abnormalities in Children Stratified by Laboratory Diagnostic Testing

			Laboratory-Confirmed Zika Infection^a
	Frequency		Positive		Negative
Outcome	No. (%)	95% CI	No. (%)	95% CI	No. (%)	95% CI	P Value^b
Microcephaly
Yes	7 (7.14)	2.92–14.17	6 (10.17)	3.82–20.83	1 (3.45)	.09–17.77	.499
No	91 (92.86)	85.84–97.08	53 (89.83)	79.17–96.18	28 (96.55)	82.23–99.91
SGA
Yes	7 (7.14)	2.92–14.17	4 (6.78)	1.88–16.46	3 (10.34)	2.19–27.35	.871
No	91 (92.86)	85.84–97.08	55 (93.22)	83.54–98.12	26 (89.66)	72.64–97.81
Abnormal eye fundus
Yes	4 (4.08)	1.12–10.12	4 (6.78)	1.88–16.46	0 (0.00)	.00–11.97	… ^c
No	72 (73.47)	63.59–81.88	41 (69.49)	56.13–80.82	26 (89.66)	72.64–97.81
Unknown	22 (22.45)	14.63–31.99	14 (23.73)	13.62–36.60	3 (10.34)	2.19–27.35
Abnormal BERA
Yes	7 (7.14)	2.92–14.17	6 (10.17)	3.82–20.83	1 (3.45)	.09–17.77	.540
No	55 (56.12)	45.73–66.14	33 (55.93)	42.40–68.85	18 (62.07)	42.26–79.32
Unknown	36 (36.73)	27.22–47.08	20 (33.90)	22.08–47.39	10 (34.48)	17.94–54.33
Structural brain abnormality
Yes	12 (12.24)	6.49–20.41	10 (16.95)	8.44–28.97	1 (3.45	.09–17.77	.178
No	71 (73.47)	62.50–81.00	42 (71.19)	57.92–82.24	25 (86.21)	68.34–96.11
Unknown	15 (14.29)	8.83–23.99	7 (11.86)	4.90–22.93	3 (10.34)	2.19–27.35
Premature birth
Yes	15 (15.31)	8.83-23-99	11 (18.64)	9.69–30.92	4 (13.79)	3.89–31.67	.789
No	83 (84.69)	76.01–91.17	48 (81.36)	69.08–90.31	25 (86.21)	68.34–96.11
Any of the above abnormalities
Yes	32 (32.65)	23.52–42.87	22 (37.29)	25.04–50.86	9 (31.03)	15.28–50.83	.734
No	66 (67.35)	57.13–76.49	37 (62.71)	49.14–74.96	20 (68.97)	49.17–84.72
Total	98 (100)		59		29

			Laboratory-Confirmed Zika Infection^a
	Frequency		Positive		Negative
Outcome	No. (%)	95% CI	No. (%)	95% CI	No. (%)	95% CI	P Value^b
Microcephaly
Yes	7 (7.14)	2.92–14.17	6 (10.17)	3.82–20.83	1 (3.45)	.09–17.77	.499
No	91 (92.86)	85.84–97.08	53 (89.83)	79.17–96.18	28 (96.55)	82.23–99.91
SGA
Yes	7 (7.14)	2.92–14.17	4 (6.78)	1.88–16.46	3 (10.34)	2.19–27.35	.871
No	91 (92.86)	85.84–97.08	55 (93.22)	83.54–98.12	26 (89.66)	72.64–97.81
Abnormal eye fundus
Yes	4 (4.08)	1.12–10.12	4 (6.78)	1.88–16.46	0 (0.00)	.00–11.97	… ^c
No	72 (73.47)	63.59–81.88	41 (69.49)	56.13–80.82	26 (89.66)	72.64–97.81
Unknown	22 (22.45)	14.63–31.99	14 (23.73)	13.62–36.60	3 (10.34)	2.19–27.35
Abnormal BERA
Yes	7 (7.14)	2.92–14.17	6 (10.17)	3.82–20.83	1 (3.45)	.09–17.77	.540
No	55 (56.12)	45.73–66.14	33 (55.93)	42.40–68.85	18 (62.07)	42.26–79.32
Unknown	36 (36.73)	27.22–47.08	20 (33.90)	22.08–47.39	10 (34.48)	17.94–54.33
Structural brain abnormality
Yes	12 (12.24)	6.49–20.41	10 (16.95)	8.44–28.97	1 (3.45	.09–17.77	.178
No	71 (73.47)	62.50–81.00	42 (71.19)	57.92–82.24	25 (86.21)	68.34–96.11
Unknown	15 (14.29)	8.83–23.99	7 (11.86)	4.90–22.93	3 (10.34)	2.19–27.35
Premature birth
Yes	15 (15.31)	8.83-23-99	11 (18.64)	9.69–30.92	4 (13.79)	3.89–31.67	.789
No	83 (84.69)	76.01–91.17	48 (81.36)	69.08–90.31	25 (86.21)	68.34–96.11
Any of the above abnormalities
Yes	32 (32.65)	23.52–42.87	22 (37.29)	25.04–50.86	9 (31.03)	15.28–50.83	.734
No	66 (67.35)	57.13–76.49	37 (62.71)	49.14–74.96	20 (68.97)	49.17–84.72
Total	98 (100)		59		29

Abbreviations: BERA, brain-steam auditory evoked response; CI, confidence interval; IgM, immunoglobulin M; SGA, small for gestational age; ZIKV, Zika virus.

^aZika infection was confirmed in infants presenting at least 1 positive result for the detection of ZIKV IgM, and ZIKV RNA in blood or urine. Data were not available for 10 infants.

^bStatistical analysis of the frequency of confirmed Zika infection in infants according to the presence or absence of congenital abnormalities was performed by Fisher exact test, and P value < .05 was considered significant.

^cP value not determined due to cells with zero values.

This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only