Table 4. Open in new tab The...

		CEPI		VA
Treated × Post	5.646***	5.813***	6.183***		−0.203	−0.416**	0.142
		(0.503)	(0.650)	(0.662)		(0.159)	(0.200)	(0.212)
	× NCSB	−0.940***	−0.010	−1.717***		0.720***	0.883***	0.421***
		(0.274)	(0.361)	(0.375)		(0.087)	(0.111)	(0.120)
	× ln(Income)	−4.496**	−1.627	−3.077		0.904	0.441	−3.139***
		(1.961)	(2.512)	(2.529)		(0.621)	(0.772)	(0.809)
	× ln(HHI)	1.211*	2.719***	−0.224		0.402**	−0.130	0.765***
		(0.645)	(0.831)	(0.851)		(0.204)	(0.256)	(0.272)
Post	−0.925***	−0.813***	−1.485***		−0.098	0.116	−0.193**
		(0.242)	(0.306)	(0.306)		(0.077)	(0.094)	(0.098)
	× ln(Income)	−0.093	−5.396***	−0.946		−1.069**	−1.160*	0.222
		(1.592)	(2.016)	(2.012)		(0.504)	(0.620)	(0.643)
	× ln(HHI)	−0.134	−0.916	1.367***		−0.454***	0.360*	−0.915***
		(0.521)	(0.665)	(0.668)		(0.165)	(0.204)	(0.214)
Price index	EPI all	EPI poor	EPI rich		EPI all	EPI poor	EPI rich
Sample	Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1		Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1

CEPI

(3)

(4)

(5)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Treated × Post

5.646***

5.813***

6.183***

−0.203

−0.416**

0.142

(0.503)

(0.650)

(0.662)

(0.159)

(0.200)

(0.212)

× NCSB

−0.940***

−0.010

−1.717***

0.720***

0.883***

0.421***

(0.274)

(0.361)

(0.375)

(0.087)

(0.111)

(0.120)

× ln(Income)

−4.496**

−1.627

−3.077

0.904

0.441

−3.139***

(1.961)

(2.512)

(2.529)

(0.621)

(0.772)

(0.809)

× ln(HHI)

1.211*

2.719***

−0.224

0.402**

−0.130

0.765***

(0.645)

(0.831)

(0.851)

(0.204)

(0.256)

(0.272)

Post

−0.925***

−0.813***

−1.485***

−0.098

0.116

−0.193**

(0.242)

(0.306)

(0.077)

(0.094)

(0.098)

× ln(Income)

−0.093

−5.396***

−0.946

−1.069**

−1.160*

0.222

(1.592)

(2.016)

(2.012)

(0.504)

(0.620)

(0.643)

× ln(HHI)

−0.134

−0.916

1.367***

−0.454***

0.360*

−0.915***

(0.521)

(0.665)

(0.668)

(0.165)

(0.204)

(0.214)

Price index

EPI all

EPI poor

EPI rich

EPI all

EPI poor

EPI rich

Sample

Hyper = 1

		CEPI		VA
Treated × Post	5.646***	5.813***	6.183***		−0.203	−0.416**	0.142
		(0.503)	(0.650)	(0.662)		(0.159)	(0.200)	(0.212)
	× NCSB	−0.940***	−0.010	−1.717***		0.720***	0.883***	0.421***
		(0.274)	(0.361)	(0.375)		(0.087)	(0.111)	(0.120)
	× ln(Income)	−4.496**	−1.627	−3.077		0.904	0.441	−3.139***
		(1.961)	(2.512)	(2.529)		(0.621)	(0.772)	(0.809)
	× ln(HHI)	1.211*	2.719***	−0.224		0.402**	−0.130	0.765***
		(0.645)	(0.831)	(0.851)		(0.204)	(0.256)	(0.272)
Post	−0.925***	−0.813***	−1.485***		−0.098	0.116	−0.193**
		(0.242)	(0.306)	(0.306)		(0.077)	(0.094)	(0.098)
	× ln(Income)	−0.093	−5.396***	−0.946		−1.069**	−1.160*	0.222
		(1.592)	(2.016)	(2.012)		(0.504)	(0.620)	(0.643)
	× ln(HHI)	−0.134	−0.916	1.367***		−0.454***	0.360*	−0.915***
		(0.521)	(0.665)	(0.668)		(0.165)	(0.204)	(0.214)
Price index	EPI all	EPI poor	EPI rich		EPI all	EPI poor	EPI rich
Sample	Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1		Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1

Table 4.

Open in new tab

The heterogeneity of tax incidence across markets—CEPI and VA (% points)

		CEPI			VA
		(3)	(4)	(5)	(3)	(4)	(5)
Treated × Post		5.646***	5.813***	6.183***	−0.203	−0.416**	0.142
		(0.503)	(0.650)	(0.662)	(0.159)	(0.200)	(0.212)
	× NCSB	−0.940***	−0.010	−1.717***	0.720***	0.883***	0.421***
		(0.274)	(0.361)	(0.375)	(0.087)	(0.111)	(0.120)
	× ln(Income)	−4.496**	−1.627	−3.077	0.904	0.441	−3.139***
		(1.961)	(2.512)	(2.529)	(0.621)	(0.772)	(0.809)
	× ln(HHI)	1.211*	2.719***	−0.224	0.402**	−0.130	0.765***
		(0.645)	(0.831)	(0.851)	(0.204)	(0.256)	(0.272)
Post		−0.925***	−0.813***	−1.485***	−0.098	0.116	−0.193**
		(0.242)	(0.306)	(0.306)	(0.077)	(0.094)	(0.098)
	× ln(Income)	−0.093	−5.396***	−0.946	−1.069**	−1.160*	0.222
		(1.592)	(2.016)	(2.012)	(0.504)	(0.620)	(0.643)
	× ln(HHI)	−0.134	−0.916	1.367***	−0.454***	0.360*	−0.915***
		(0.521)	(0.665)	(0.668)	(0.165)	(0.204)	(0.214)
Price index		EPI all	EPI poor	EPI rich	EPI all	EPI poor	EPI rich
Sample		Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1

		CEPI			VA
		(3)	(4)	(5)	(3)	(4)	(5)
Treated × Post		5.646***	5.813***	6.183***	−0.203	−0.416**	0.142
		(0.503)	(0.650)	(0.662)	(0.159)	(0.200)	(0.212)
	× NCSB	−0.940***	−0.010	−1.717***	0.720***	0.883***	0.421***
		(0.274)	(0.361)	(0.375)	(0.087)	(0.111)	(0.120)
	× ln(Income)	−4.496**	−1.627	−3.077	0.904	0.441	−3.139***
		(1.961)	(2.512)	(2.529)	(0.621)	(0.772)	(0.809)
	× ln(HHI)	1.211*	2.719***	−0.224	0.402**	−0.130	0.765***
		(0.645)	(0.831)	(0.851)	(0.204)	(0.256)	(0.272)
Post		−0.925***	−0.813***	−1.485***	−0.098	0.116	−0.193**
		(0.242)	(0.306)	(0.306)	(0.077)	(0.094)	(0.098)
	× ln(Income)	−0.093	−5.396***	−0.946	−1.069**	−1.160*	0.222
		(1.592)	(2.016)	(2.012)	(0.504)	(0.620)	(0.643)
	× ln(HHI)	−0.134	−0.916	1.367***	−0.454***	0.360*	−0.915***
		(0.521)	(0.665)	(0.668)	(0.165)	(0.204)	(0.214)
Price index		EPI all	EPI poor	EPI rich	EPI all	EPI poor	EPI rich
Sample		Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1	Hyper = 1

Notes: The dependent variable is the log of CEPI or VA. CEPI and VA are estimated from Kantar Worldpanel data 2008–2013. Other details are as in Table 3. Standard errors are clustered at the area level in parentheses; ***, ** and * indicate significance at the 1%, 5% and 10% levels.

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