| Variable . | Subdistribution HR (95% CI) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|
| Ethnicity, Arab | 1.420 (1.103–1.820) | .006 |
| Malignancy | 1.360 (1.091–1.690) | .006 |
| Long-term nasogastric tube (home) | 1.830 (1.470–2.280) | <.001 |
| Immunosuppressants (home)b | 1.410 (1.082–1.840) | .011 |
| Anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs (home)c | 1.510 (1.212–1.870) | <.001 |
| Anxiolytic or hypnotics (home)d | 1.320 (1.062–1.630) | .012 |
| Cephalosporin resistance | 1.230 (0.995–1.520) | .055 |
| Total duration of antibiotic therapy (1-day increments) | 1.015 (1.004–1.027) | .006 |
| Heart rate (median, 10-bpm increments) | 1.240 (1.144–1.340) | <.001 |
| Variable . | Subdistribution HR (95% CI) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|
| Ethnicity, Arab | 1.420 (1.103–1.820) | .006 |
| Malignancy | 1.360 (1.091–1.690) | .006 |
| Long-term nasogastric tube (home) | 1.830 (1.470–2.280) | <.001 |
| Immunosuppressants (home)b | 1.410 (1.082–1.840) | .011 |
| Anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs (home)c | 1.510 (1.212–1.870) | <.001 |
| Anxiolytic or hypnotics (home)d | 1.320 (1.062–1.630) | .012 |
| Cephalosporin resistance | 1.230 (0.995–1.520) | .055 |
| Total duration of antibiotic therapy (1-day increments) | 1.015 (1.004–1.027) | .006 |
| Heart rate (median, 10-bpm increments) | 1.240 (1.144–1.340) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: bpm, beats per minute; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.
aThe analysis includes 1832 of 2196 patients; 364 were omitted due to missing values. Variables entered in the equation but not retained: age, congestive heart failure, insulin-treated diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis, renal failure, Charlson comorbidity index, oral antidiabetics, β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors, impaired consciousness, critically ill, hospitalization duration, place of infection acquisition, Escherichia coli bacteremia, urinary tract infection, broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy during hospitalization.
bImmunosuppressants included long-term use of glucocorticoids or a chemotherapeutic immunosuppressant (eg, methotrexate, azathioprine, cyclosporin, tacrolimus).
cAnticoagulation or antiplatelet drugs included aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel, heparin, enoxaparin, fondaparinux, warfarin, apixaban, rivaroxaban, and dabigatran.
dAnxiolytic or hypnotic therapy included diazepam, lorazepam, oxazepam, zolpidem, zopiclone, haloperidol, olanzapine, buspirone, etc.
| Variable . | Subdistribution HR (95% CI) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|
| Ethnicity, Arab | 1.420 (1.103–1.820) | .006 |
| Malignancy | 1.360 (1.091–1.690) | .006 |
| Long-term nasogastric tube (home) | 1.830 (1.470–2.280) | <.001 |
| Immunosuppressants (home)b | 1.410 (1.082–1.840) | .011 |
| Anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs (home)c | 1.510 (1.212–1.870) | <.001 |
| Anxiolytic or hypnotics (home)d | 1.320 (1.062–1.630) | .012 |
| Cephalosporin resistance | 1.230 (0.995–1.520) | .055 |
| Total duration of antibiotic therapy (1-day increments) | 1.015 (1.004–1.027) | .006 |
| Heart rate (median, 10-bpm increments) | 1.240 (1.144–1.340) | <.001 |
| Variable . | Subdistribution HR (95% CI) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|
| Ethnicity, Arab | 1.420 (1.103–1.820) | .006 |
| Malignancy | 1.360 (1.091–1.690) | .006 |
| Long-term nasogastric tube (home) | 1.830 (1.470–2.280) | <.001 |
| Immunosuppressants (home)b | 1.410 (1.082–1.840) | .011 |
| Anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs (home)c | 1.510 (1.212–1.870) | <.001 |
| Anxiolytic or hypnotics (home)d | 1.320 (1.062–1.630) | .012 |
| Cephalosporin resistance | 1.230 (0.995–1.520) | .055 |
| Total duration of antibiotic therapy (1-day increments) | 1.015 (1.004–1.027) | .006 |
| Heart rate (median, 10-bpm increments) | 1.240 (1.144–1.340) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: bpm, beats per minute; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.
aThe analysis includes 1832 of 2196 patients; 364 were omitted due to missing values. Variables entered in the equation but not retained: age, congestive heart failure, insulin-treated diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis, renal failure, Charlson comorbidity index, oral antidiabetics, β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors, impaired consciousness, critically ill, hospitalization duration, place of infection acquisition, Escherichia coli bacteremia, urinary tract infection, broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy during hospitalization.
bImmunosuppressants included long-term use of glucocorticoids or a chemotherapeutic immunosuppressant (eg, methotrexate, azathioprine, cyclosporin, tacrolimus).
cAnticoagulation or antiplatelet drugs included aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel, heparin, enoxaparin, fondaparinux, warfarin, apixaban, rivaroxaban, and dabigatran.
dAnxiolytic or hypnotic therapy included diazepam, lorazepam, oxazepam, zolpidem, zopiclone, haloperidol, olanzapine, buspirone, etc.
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