Table 1 Open in new tab Baseline...

Author

Year

Sample size

Study design and number of sites

Men (%)

Mean age (years)

Baseline LVEF (%)

ICM (%)

CRT (%)

Primary prevention ICD (%)

Definition of LVEF recovery

Post-implantation LVEF assessment

Duration of follow-up

NOS stars

Yu et al.¹⁰

2005

141

Prospective cohort, 2 centres

100

–

≥10%↓LVESV

6 months

695 ± 491 days

Di Biase et al.¹¹

2008

398

Prospective registry

26 ± 7

100

≥10%↓LVESV

6 months

12 months

Ypenburg et al.⁸

2009

286

Prospective cohort, 1 centre

83.8

25 ± 8

100

–

≥15%↓LVESV

6 months

22 ± 11 months

Markowitz et al.²¹

2009

195

RCT post -hoc analysis, Multicentre

79.8

66.8

24.1 ± 5.8/25.2 ± 6.2

66/85

100

–

≥15%↓LVESV

6 months

Schaer et al.²²

2010

270

Retrospective Registry, 2 centres

22 ± 5

100

74.4

LVEF >35%

20 ± 15 months

40 ± 22 months

Rickard et al.²³

2010

233

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

73.4

23.3

47.2

100

–

↑LVEF ≥25%

11.6 ± 9 months

5.5 ± 1.2 years

Gold et al.²⁴

2011

280

RCT post -hoc analysis, multicentre

62.7

27.0 ± 6.6

100

–

≥15%↓LVESVI

12 months

Thijssen et al.²⁵

2011

115

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

26 ± 8

100

≥15%↓LVESV

6 months

37 ± 27 months

Eickholt et al.²⁶

2012

126

Prospective cohort, 2 centres

67.5

24.5 ± 7.5

100

↑≥10% LVEF

6 months

28 ± 14 months

Shahrzad et al.¹³

2012

119

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

73.9

61/58

20.8/18.6

34.5

100

–

↓10%LVESD or ↑≥5 %LVEF

6 months

34 ± 7 months

Van Boven et al.²⁷

2013

142

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

20% (18–25%)

100

LVEF >35%

4 months

36 months

Itoh et al.²⁸

2013

Retrospective cohort, 1centre

67.7

26.3 ± 8.8

100

≥15%↓LVESV

6 months

12 months

Manfredi et al.²⁹

2013

289

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

20% (15–25%)

100

LVEF >45%

12 months

2.64 years

Grimm et al.³⁰,^a

2013

123

Retrospective Registry, 1 centre

52.0

23 ± 6

100

LVEF >35%

7.9 + 3.2 months

74 ± 46 months

Manne et al.⁵

2013

794

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

71.5

20.6 ± 7.1/24.1 ± 7.4

55.7

100

–

LVEF ≥ 50%

26.4 months

5.7 ± 2.4/4.3 ± 2.4 years

Bertini et al.³¹

2013

663

Prospective cohort, 1 centre

25 ± 8

100

–

≥15%↓LVESV

6 months

37 ± 22 months

Frigerio et al.³²

2014

330

Retrospective, 1 centre

27.7 ± 6.6

100

–

LVEF ≥ 35%

12 months

49 months

Garcia-Lunar et al.¹⁴

2014

196

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

85.2

63.0

25.5

46.4

100

81.1

LVEF × 2 baseline or ≥45%

12 months

30.1 months

Kini et al.³³,^a

2014

152

Retrospective cohort, 2 centres

–

23 ± 6

100

LVEF ≥40%

5.1 years

3.5 ± 2.0 years

Sebag et al.³⁴

2014

107

Prospective cohort, 2 centres

26 ± 7

100

LVEF ≥40%

56.4 ± 14.4 months

26.4 ± 14.4 months

Ruwald et al.²

2014

752

RCT post -hoc analysis, multicentre

75.4

29.5 ± 3.2

54.8

100

LVEF36–50% and >50%

12 months

2.2 ± 0.8 years

van der Heijden et al.³⁵

2014

512

Prospective cohort, 1 centre

24 ± 6

100

↓LVESV

15–29%, ≥30%

6 months

57 months

Friedman et al.³⁶

2014

328

Prospective cohort, 1 centre

67.9

25 ± 7

100

LVEF ↑≥5%

6 months

3 years

Zecchin et al.⁶

2014

259

Retrospective registries, 2 centres

78.5

27 ± 8

33.2

100

LVEF ≥ 50%

1–2 years

68 ± 30 moths

Zhang et al.³⁷,^a

2015

464

Prospective cohort, multicentre

70.15

21.8 ± 7.2

47.6

34.4

100

LVEF 36–54%, ≥55%

6 months

4.9 years

Berthelot-Richer et al.³⁸,^a

2016

286

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

24 ± 5

100

LVEF >35%

6 months

4.4 years

Franke et al.³⁹

2016

167

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

59.8

24 ± 8

100

↑LVEF <30 to

30–40 % or 30–40 to 41–51 %

–

3.3 years

House et al.³,^a

2016

125

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

25 ± 7

100

LVEF36–49% and ≥50%

93 ± 26 months

25 ± 18 months

Li et al.⁴⁰

2017

227

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

68.8

66.6

23.6 ± 6.8

49.4

100

–

LVEF >35%

4.9 ± 1.6 years

3.5 years

Ghani et al.⁴¹

2017

347

Retrospective registry

24.8 ± 6.9

100

LVEF 30–50%, LVEF > 50%

2.3 years

5.5 years

Oka et al.⁴²

2017

528

Retrospective registry

68.6

28 ± 9.2

100

84.4

≥15%↓LVESV

6 months

3.4 ± 1.3 years

Narducci et al.⁴³

2018

332

Retrospective registry

72.6

34 (28–40)

52.4

100

92.2

LVEF >35%

4.8 years

406.5 days

Killu et al.⁷

2018

629

Retrospective cohort, 2 centres

78.5

23.5 ± 7/27.7 ± 7

57.7

100

LVEF ≥ 50%

9.2 ± 3.7 months

6.2 ± 2.7 years

Galve et al.⁴⁴

2018

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

81.6

67.4

25.3 ± 5.5

40.8

100

73.7

LVEF >35%

6 months

2.5 ± 1.5 years

Author

Year

Sample size

Study design and number of sites

Men (%)

Mean age (years)

Baseline LVEF (%)

ICM (%)

CRT (%)

Primary prevention ICD (%)

Definition of LVEF recovery

Post-implantation LVEF assessment

Duration of follow-up

NOS stars

Yu et al.¹⁰

2005

141

Prospective cohort, 2 centres

100

–

≥10%↓LVESV

6 months

695 ± 491 days

Di Biase et al.¹¹

2008

398

Prospective registry

26 ± 7

100

≥10%↓LVESV

6 months

12 months

Ypenburg et al.⁸

2009

286

Prospective cohort, 1 centre

83.8

25 ± 8

100

–

≥15%↓LVESV

6 months

22 ± 11 months

Markowitz et al.²¹

2009

195

RCT post -hoc analysis, Multicentre

79.8

66.8

24.1 ± 5.8/25.2 ± 6.2

66/85

100

–

≥15%↓LVESV

6 months

Schaer et al.²²

2010

270

Retrospective Registry, 2 centres

22 ± 5

100

74.4

LVEF >35%

20 ± 15 months

40 ± 22 months

Rickard et al.²³

2010

233

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

73.4

23.3

47.2

100

–

↑LVEF ≥25%

11.6 ± 9 months

5.5 ± 1.2 years

Gold et al.²⁴

2011

280

RCT post -hoc analysis, multicentre

62.7

27.0 ± 6.6

100

–

≥15%↓LVESVI

12 months

Thijssen et al.²⁵

2011

115

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

26 ± 8

100

≥15%↓LVESV

6 months

37 ± 27 months

Eickholt et al.²⁶

2012

126

Prospective cohort, 2 centres

67.5

24.5 ± 7.5

100

↑≥10% LVEF

6 months

28 ± 14 months

Shahrzad et al.¹³

2012

119

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

73.9

61/58

20.8/18.6

34.5

100

–

↓10%LVESD or ↑≥5 %LVEF

6 months

34 ± 7 months

Van Boven et al.²⁷

2013

142

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

20% (18–25%)

100

LVEF >35%

4 months

36 months

Itoh et al.²⁸

2013

Retrospective cohort, 1centre

67.7

26.3 ± 8.8

100

≥15%↓LVESV

6 months

12 months

Manfredi et al.²⁹

2013

289

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

20% (15–25%)

100

LVEF >45%

12 months

2.64 years

Grimm et al.³⁰,^a

2013

123

Retrospective Registry, 1 centre

52.0

23 ± 6

100

LVEF >35%

7.9 + 3.2 months

74 ± 46 months

Manne et al.⁵

2013

794

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

71.5

20.6 ± 7.1/24.1 ± 7.4

55.7

100

–

LVEF ≥ 50%

26.4 months

5.7 ± 2.4/4.3 ± 2.4 years

Bertini et al.³¹

2013

663

Prospective cohort, 1 centre

25 ± 8

100

–

≥15%↓LVESV

6 months

37 ± 22 months

Frigerio et al.³²

2014

330

Retrospective, 1 centre

27.7 ± 6.6

100

–

LVEF ≥ 35%

12 months

49 months

Garcia-Lunar et al.¹⁴

2014

196

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

85.2

63.0

25.5

46.4

100

81.1

LVEF × 2 baseline or ≥45%

12 months

30.1 months

Kini et al.³³,^a

2014

152

Retrospective cohort, 2 centres

–

23 ± 6

100

LVEF ≥40%

5.1 years

3.5 ± 2.0 years

Sebag et al.³⁴

2014

107

Prospective cohort, 2 centres

26 ± 7

100

LVEF ≥40%

56.4 ± 14.4 months

26.4 ± 14.4 months

Ruwald et al.²

2014

752

RCT post -hoc analysis, multicentre

75.4

29.5 ± 3.2

54.8

100

LVEF36–50% and >50%

12 months

2.2 ± 0.8 years

van der Heijden et al.³⁵

2014

512

Prospective cohort, 1 centre

24 ± 6

100

↓LVESV

15–29%, ≥30%

6 months

57 months

Friedman et al.³⁶

2014

328

Prospective cohort, 1 centre

67.9

25 ± 7

100

LVEF ↑≥5%

6 months

3 years

Zecchin et al.⁶

2014

259

Retrospective registries, 2 centres

78.5

27 ± 8

33.2

100

LVEF ≥ 50%

1–2 years

68 ± 30 moths

Zhang et al.³⁷,^a

2015

464

Prospective cohort, multicentre

70.15

21.8 ± 7.2

47.6

34.4

100

LVEF 36–54%, ≥55%

6 months

4.9 years

Berthelot-Richer et al.³⁸,^a

2016

286

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

24 ± 5

100

LVEF >35%

6 months

4.4 years

Franke et al.³⁹

2016

167

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

59.8

24 ± 8

100

↑LVEF <30 to

30–40 % or 30–40 to 41–51 %

–

3.3 years

House et al.³,^a

2016

125

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

25 ± 7

100

LVEF36–49% and ≥50%

93 ± 26 months

25 ± 18 months

Li et al.⁴⁰

2017

227

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

68.8

66.6

23.6 ± 6.8

49.4

100

–

LVEF >35%

4.9 ± 1.6 years

3.5 years

Ghani et al.⁴¹

2017

347

Retrospective registry

24.8 ± 6.9

100

LVEF 30–50%, LVEF > 50%

2.3 years

5.5 years

Oka et al.⁴²

2017

528

Retrospective registry

68.6

28 ± 9.2

100

84.4

≥15%↓LVESV

6 months

3.4 ± 1.3 years

Narducci et al.⁴³

2018

332

Retrospective registry

72.6

34 (28–40)

52.4

100

92.2

LVEF >35%

4.8 years

406.5 days

Killu et al.⁷

2018

629

Retrospective cohort, 2 centres

78.5

23.5 ± 7/27.7 ± 7

57.7

100

LVEF ≥ 50%

9.2 ± 3.7 months

6.2 ± 2.7 years

Galve et al.⁴⁴

2018

Retrospective cohort, 1 centre

81.6

67.4

25.3 ± 5.5

40.8

100

73.7

LVEF >35%

6 months

2.5 ± 1.5 years

Table 1

Open in new tab

Baseline characteristics at initial implant of retained studies of cardiac resynchronization therapy and follow-up duration

Author	Year	Sample size	Study design and number of sites	Men (%)	Mean age (years)	Baseline LVEF (%)	ICM (%)	CRT (%)	Primary prevention ICD (%)	Definition of LVEF recovery	Post-implantation LVEF assessment	Duration of follow-up	NOS stars
Yu et al.¹⁰	2005	141	Prospective cohort, 2 centres	73	64	24	48	100	–	≥10%↓LVESV	6 months	695 ± 491 days	8
Di Biase et al.¹¹	2008	398	Prospective registry	88	66	26 ± 7	67	100	44	≥10%↓LVESV	6 months	12 months	8
Ypenburg et al.⁸	2009	286	Prospective cohort, 1 centre	83.8	66	25 ± 8	58	100	–	≥15%↓LVESV	6 months	22 ± 11 months	9
Markowitz et al.²¹	2009	195	RCT post -hoc analysis, Multicentre	79.8	66.8	24.1 ± 5.8/25.2 ± 6.2	66/85	100	–	≥15%↓LVESV	6 months	6 months	7
Schaer et al.²²	2010	270	Retrospective Registry, 2 centres	77	61	22 ± 5	48	100	74.4	LVEF >35%	20 ± 15 months	40 ± 22 months	8
Rickard et al.²³	2010	233	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	73.4	65	23.3	47.2	100	–	↑LVEF ≥25%	11.6 ± 9 months	5.5 ± 1.2 years	8
Gold et al.²⁴	2011	280	RCT post -hoc analysis, multicentre	79	62.7	27.0 ± 6.6	59	100	–	≥15%↓LVESVI	12 months	12 months	8
Thijssen et al.²⁵	2011	115	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	81	65	26 ± 8	75	100	30	≥15%↓LVESV	6 months	37 ± 27 months	8
Eickholt et al.²⁶	2012	126	Prospective cohort, 2 centres	67.5	64	24.5 ± 7.5	52	100	100	↑≥10% LVEF	6 months	28 ± 14 months	9
Shahrzad et al.¹³	2012	119	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	73.9	61/58	20.8/18.6	34.5	100	–	↓10%LVESD or ↑≥5 %LVEF	6 months	34 ± 7 months	8
Van Boven et al.²⁷	2013	142	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	70	69	20% (18–25%)	53	100	100	LVEF >35%	4 months	36 months	9
Itoh et al.²⁸	2013	84	Retrospective cohort, 1centre	73	67.7	26.3 ± 8.8	30	100	79	≥15%↓LVESV	6 months	12 months	7
Manfredi et al.²⁹	2013	289	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	72	71	20% (15–25%)	59	100	100	LVEF >45%	12 months	2.64 years	8
Grimm et al.³⁰,^a	2013	123	Retrospective Registry, 1 centre	77	52.0	23 ± 6	0	38	100	LVEF >35%	7.9 + 3.2 months	74 ± 46 months	7
Manne et al.⁵	2013	794	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	71.5	66	20.6 ± 7.1/24.1 ± 7.4	55.7	100	–	LVEF ≥ 50%	26.4 months	5.7 ± 2.4/4.3 ± 2.4 years	9
Bertini et al.³¹	2013	663	Prospective cohort, 1 centre	79	65	25 ± 8	60	100	–	≥15%↓LVESV	6 months	37 ± 22 months	8
Frigerio et al.³²	2014	330	Retrospective, 1 centre	80	62	27.7 ± 6.6	41	100	–	LVEF ≥ 35%	12 months	49 months	9
Garcia-Lunar et al.¹⁴	2014	196	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	85.2	63.0	25.5	46.4	100	81.1	LVEF × 2 baseline or ≥45%	12 months	30.1 months	7
Kini et al.³³,^a	2014	152	Retrospective cohort, 2 centres	–	65	23 ± 6	69	37	100	LVEF ≥40%	5.1 years	3.5 ± 2.0 years	8
Sebag et al.³⁴	2014	107	Prospective cohort, 2 centres	77	65	26 ± 7	46	100	100	LVEF ≥40%	56.4 ± 14.4 months	26.4 ± 14.4 months	8
Ruwald et al.²	2014	752	RCT post -hoc analysis, multicentre	75.4	64	29.5 ± 3.2	54.8	100	100	LVEF36–50% and >50%	12 months	2.2 ± 0.8 years	9
van der Heijden et al.³⁵	2014	512	Prospective cohort, 1 centre	73	68	24 ± 6	53	100	100	↓LVESV 15–29%, ≥30%	6 months	57 months	9
Friedman et al.³⁶	2014	328	Prospective cohort, 1 centre	78	67.9	25 ± 7	61	100	78	LVEF ↑≥5%	6 months	3 years	8
Zecchin et al.⁶	2014	259	Retrospective registries, 2 centres	78.5	66	27 ± 8	33.2	100	91	LVEF ≥ 50%	1–2 years	68 ± 30 moths	8
Zhang et al.³⁷,^a	2015	464	Prospective cohort, multicentre	70.15	59	21.8 ± 7.2	47.6	34.4	100	LVEF 36–54%, ≥55%	6 months	4.9 years	9
Berthelot-Richer et al.³⁸,^a	2016	286	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	85	64	24 ± 5	74	39	100	LVEF >35%	6 months	4.4 years	8
Franke et al.³⁹	2016	167	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	81	59.8	24 ± 8	46	100	100	↑LVEF <30 to 30–40 % or 30–40 to 41–51 %	–	3.3 years	8
House et al.³,^a	2016	125	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	74	64	25 ± 7	72	58	100	LVEF36–49% and ≥50%	93 ± 26 months	25 ± 18 months	9
Li et al.⁴⁰	2017	227	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	68.8	66.6	23.6 ± 6.8	49.4	100	–	LVEF >35%	4.9 ± 1.6 years	3.5 years	8
Ghani et al.⁴¹	2017	347	Retrospective registry	70	67	24.8 ± 6.9	51	100	100	LVEF 30–50%, LVEF > 50%	2.3 years	5.5 years	9
Oka et al.⁴²	2017	528	Retrospective registry	68	68.6	28 ± 9.2	27	100	84.4	≥15%↓LVESV	6 months	3.4 ± 1.3 years	9
Narducci et al.⁴³	2018	332	Retrospective registry	72.6	72	34 (28–40)	52.4	100	92.2	LVEF >35%	4.8 years	406.5 days	9
Killu et al.⁷	2018	629	Retrospective cohort, 2 centres	78.5	67	23.5 ± 7/27.7 ± 7	57.7	100	94	LVEF ≥ 50%	9.2 ± 3.7 months	6.2 ± 2.7 years	9
Galve et al.⁴⁴	2018	76	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	81.6	67.4	25.3 ± 5.5	40.8	100	73.7	LVEF >35%	6 months	2.5 ± 1.5 years	8

Author	Year	Sample size	Study design and number of sites	Men (%)	Mean age (years)	Baseline LVEF (%)	ICM (%)	CRT (%)	Primary prevention ICD (%)	Definition of LVEF recovery	Post-implantation LVEF assessment	Duration of follow-up	NOS stars
Yu et al.¹⁰	2005	141	Prospective cohort, 2 centres	73	64	24	48	100	–	≥10%↓LVESV	6 months	695 ± 491 days	8
Di Biase et al.¹¹	2008	398	Prospective registry	88	66	26 ± 7	67	100	44	≥10%↓LVESV	6 months	12 months	8
Ypenburg et al.⁸	2009	286	Prospective cohort, 1 centre	83.8	66	25 ± 8	58	100	–	≥15%↓LVESV	6 months	22 ± 11 months	9
Markowitz et al.²¹	2009	195	RCT post -hoc analysis, Multicentre	79.8	66.8	24.1 ± 5.8/25.2 ± 6.2	66/85	100	–	≥15%↓LVESV	6 months	6 months	7
Schaer et al.²²	2010	270	Retrospective Registry, 2 centres	77	61	22 ± 5	48	100	74.4	LVEF >35%	20 ± 15 months	40 ± 22 months	8
Rickard et al.²³	2010	233	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	73.4	65	23.3	47.2	100	–	↑LVEF ≥25%	11.6 ± 9 months	5.5 ± 1.2 years	8
Gold et al.²⁴	2011	280	RCT post -hoc analysis, multicentre	79	62.7	27.0 ± 6.6	59	100	–	≥15%↓LVESVI	12 months	12 months	8
Thijssen et al.²⁵	2011	115	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	81	65	26 ± 8	75	100	30	≥15%↓LVESV	6 months	37 ± 27 months	8
Eickholt et al.²⁶	2012	126	Prospective cohort, 2 centres	67.5	64	24.5 ± 7.5	52	100	100	↑≥10% LVEF	6 months	28 ± 14 months	9
Shahrzad et al.¹³	2012	119	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	73.9	61/58	20.8/18.6	34.5	100	–	↓10%LVESD or ↑≥5 %LVEF	6 months	34 ± 7 months	8
Van Boven et al.²⁷	2013	142	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	70	69	20% (18–25%)	53	100	100	LVEF >35%	4 months	36 months	9
Itoh et al.²⁸	2013	84	Retrospective cohort, 1centre	73	67.7	26.3 ± 8.8	30	100	79	≥15%↓LVESV	6 months	12 months	7
Manfredi et al.²⁹	2013	289	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	72	71	20% (15–25%)	59	100	100	LVEF >45%	12 months	2.64 years	8
Grimm et al.³⁰,^a	2013	123	Retrospective Registry, 1 centre	77	52.0	23 ± 6	0	38	100	LVEF >35%	7.9 + 3.2 months	74 ± 46 months	7
Manne et al.⁵	2013	794	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	71.5	66	20.6 ± 7.1/24.1 ± 7.4	55.7	100	–	LVEF ≥ 50%	26.4 months	5.7 ± 2.4/4.3 ± 2.4 years	9
Bertini et al.³¹	2013	663	Prospective cohort, 1 centre	79	65	25 ± 8	60	100	–	≥15%↓LVESV	6 months	37 ± 22 months	8
Frigerio et al.³²	2014	330	Retrospective, 1 centre	80	62	27.7 ± 6.6	41	100	–	LVEF ≥ 35%	12 months	49 months	9
Garcia-Lunar et al.¹⁴	2014	196	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	85.2	63.0	25.5	46.4	100	81.1	LVEF × 2 baseline or ≥45%	12 months	30.1 months	7
Kini et al.³³,^a	2014	152	Retrospective cohort, 2 centres	–	65	23 ± 6	69	37	100	LVEF ≥40%	5.1 years	3.5 ± 2.0 years	8
Sebag et al.³⁴	2014	107	Prospective cohort, 2 centres	77	65	26 ± 7	46	100	100	LVEF ≥40%	56.4 ± 14.4 months	26.4 ± 14.4 months	8
Ruwald et al.²	2014	752	RCT post -hoc analysis, multicentre	75.4	64	29.5 ± 3.2	54.8	100	100	LVEF36–50% and >50%	12 months	2.2 ± 0.8 years	9
van der Heijden et al.³⁵	2014	512	Prospective cohort, 1 centre	73	68	24 ± 6	53	100	100	↓LVESV 15–29%, ≥30%	6 months	57 months	9
Friedman et al.³⁶	2014	328	Prospective cohort, 1 centre	78	67.9	25 ± 7	61	100	78	LVEF ↑≥5%	6 months	3 years	8
Zecchin et al.⁶	2014	259	Retrospective registries, 2 centres	78.5	66	27 ± 8	33.2	100	91	LVEF ≥ 50%	1–2 years	68 ± 30 moths	8
Zhang et al.³⁷,^a	2015	464	Prospective cohort, multicentre	70.15	59	21.8 ± 7.2	47.6	34.4	100	LVEF 36–54%, ≥55%	6 months	4.9 years	9
Berthelot-Richer et al.³⁸,^a	2016	286	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	85	64	24 ± 5	74	39	100	LVEF >35%	6 months	4.4 years	8
Franke et al.³⁹	2016	167	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	81	59.8	24 ± 8	46	100	100	↑LVEF <30 to 30–40 % or 30–40 to 41–51 %	–	3.3 years	8
House et al.³,^a	2016	125	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	74	64	25 ± 7	72	58	100	LVEF36–49% and ≥50%	93 ± 26 months	25 ± 18 months	9
Li et al.⁴⁰	2017	227	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	68.8	66.6	23.6 ± 6.8	49.4	100	–	LVEF >35%	4.9 ± 1.6 years	3.5 years	8
Ghani et al.⁴¹	2017	347	Retrospective registry	70	67	24.8 ± 6.9	51	100	100	LVEF 30–50%, LVEF > 50%	2.3 years	5.5 years	9
Oka et al.⁴²	2017	528	Retrospective registry	68	68.6	28 ± 9.2	27	100	84.4	≥15%↓LVESV	6 months	3.4 ± 1.3 years	9
Narducci et al.⁴³	2018	332	Retrospective registry	72.6	72	34 (28–40)	52.4	100	92.2	LVEF >35%	4.8 years	406.5 days	9
Killu et al.⁷	2018	629	Retrospective cohort, 2 centres	78.5	67	23.5 ± 7/27.7 ± 7	57.7	100	94	LVEF ≥ 50%	9.2 ± 3.7 months	6.2 ± 2.7 years	9
Galve et al.⁴⁴	2018	76	Retrospective cohort, 1 centre	81.6	67.4	25.3 ± 5.5	40.8	100	73.7	LVEF >35%	6 months	2.5 ± 1.5 years	8

CRT, cardiac resynchronization therapy; GC, generator change; ICD, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; ICM, ischaemic cardiomyopathy; LVEDV, left ventricular end diastolic volume; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESV, left ventricular end-systolic volume; NOS, Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (for quality assessment with 0–3 = poor quality, 4–7 = fair quality, 8–9 = good quality).

These few studies had <100% CRT implanted, with 100% ICD implanted.

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