Effects of encapsulated cinnamaldehyde at either 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg in feed on breast meat quality of broilers
| Variablesb . | NCa . | PC . | EOL . | EOH . | SEMc . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WBSF (kg) | 1.95a | 1.46b | 1.59ab | 1.33b | 0.16 | 0.04 |
| Cooking loss (%) | 23.11 | 23.63 | 23.24 | 23.04 | 0.85 | 0.96 |
| Cooking time (min) | 37.52 | 37.96 | 35.85 | 35.8 | 1.47 | 0.31 |
| pH 24 h | 6.12a | 6.18ab | 6.20ab | 6.21b | 0.078 | 0.05 |
| pH 96 h | 5.41 | 5.61 | 5.56 | 5.52 | 0.316 | 0.54 |
| Dripping loss (%) | 1.34 | 1.26 | 1.29 | 0.78 | 0.37 | 0.69 |
| L* | 58.68 | 59.86 | 58.49 | 59.62 | 0.57 | 0.23 |
| a* | 11.52 | 10.91 | 11.56 | 11.09 | 0.24 | 0.14 |
| b* | 18.69 | 19.06 | 17.56 | 18.02 | 0.45 | 0.09 |
| MFI (mg/mL) | 39.54 | 37.99 | 40.28 | 37.54 | 0.91 | 0.69 |
| WS % (n) | ||||||
| WS scores | 0.19 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.27 | 0.06 | 0.52 |
| Normal | 95.24 (20) | 90.91 (20) | 87.10 (27) | 89.29 (25) | – | 0.88 |
| Moderate | 4.76 (1) | 9.09 (2) | 12.9 (4) | 10.71 (3) | – | – |
| Severe | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | – | – |
| WB % (n) | ||||||
| WB scores | 0.08 | 0.27 | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.08 | 0.28 |
| Normal | 100 (21) | 86.36 (19) | 80.65 (25) | 85.71 (24) | – | 0.38 |
| Mild | 0.00 (0) | 13.64 (3) | 16.13 (5) | 14.29 (4) | – | – |
| Moderate | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 3.23 (1) | 0.00 (0) | – | – |
| Severe | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | – | – |
| Variablesb . | NCa . | PC . | EOL . | EOH . | SEMc . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WBSF (kg) | 1.95a | 1.46b | 1.59ab | 1.33b | 0.16 | 0.04 |
| Cooking loss (%) | 23.11 | 23.63 | 23.24 | 23.04 | 0.85 | 0.96 |
| Cooking time (min) | 37.52 | 37.96 | 35.85 | 35.8 | 1.47 | 0.31 |
| pH 24 h | 6.12a | 6.18ab | 6.20ab | 6.21b | 0.078 | 0.05 |
| pH 96 h | 5.41 | 5.61 | 5.56 | 5.52 | 0.316 | 0.54 |
| Dripping loss (%) | 1.34 | 1.26 | 1.29 | 0.78 | 0.37 | 0.69 |
| L* | 58.68 | 59.86 | 58.49 | 59.62 | 0.57 | 0.23 |
| a* | 11.52 | 10.91 | 11.56 | 11.09 | 0.24 | 0.14 |
| b* | 18.69 | 19.06 | 17.56 | 18.02 | 0.45 | 0.09 |
| MFI (mg/mL) | 39.54 | 37.99 | 40.28 | 37.54 | 0.91 | 0.69 |
| WS % (n) | ||||||
| WS scores | 0.19 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.27 | 0.06 | 0.52 |
| Normal | 95.24 (20) | 90.91 (20) | 87.10 (27) | 89.29 (25) | – | 0.88 |
| Moderate | 4.76 (1) | 9.09 (2) | 12.9 (4) | 10.71 (3) | – | – |
| Severe | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | – | – |
| WB % (n) | ||||||
| WB scores | 0.08 | 0.27 | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.08 | 0.28 |
| Normal | 100 (21) | 86.36 (19) | 80.65 (25) | 85.71 (24) | – | 0.38 |
| Mild | 0.00 (0) | 13.64 (3) | 16.13 (5) | 14.29 (4) | – | – |
| Moderate | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 3.23 (1) | 0.00 (0) | – | – |
| Severe | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | – | – |
aNC, negative control, birds fed with basal diet; PC, positive control, birds fed with 30 mg/kg avilamycin premix; EOL, birds fed 50 mg/kg encapsulated cinnamaldehyde; EOH, birds fed 100 mg/kg encapsulated cinnamaldehyde.
bWBSF, Warner−Bratzler shear force (kg); WS, white striping; WB, woody breast; .L*, lightness; a*, redness; b*, yellowness; MFI, Myofibril Fragmentation Index.
cSEM, standard error of the mean.
Effects of encapsulated cinnamaldehyde at either 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg in feed on breast meat quality of broilers
| Variablesb . | NCa . | PC . | EOL . | EOH . | SEMc . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WBSF (kg) | 1.95a | 1.46b | 1.59ab | 1.33b | 0.16 | 0.04 |
| Cooking loss (%) | 23.11 | 23.63 | 23.24 | 23.04 | 0.85 | 0.96 |
| Cooking time (min) | 37.52 | 37.96 | 35.85 | 35.8 | 1.47 | 0.31 |
| pH 24 h | 6.12a | 6.18ab | 6.20ab | 6.21b | 0.078 | 0.05 |
| pH 96 h | 5.41 | 5.61 | 5.56 | 5.52 | 0.316 | 0.54 |
| Dripping loss (%) | 1.34 | 1.26 | 1.29 | 0.78 | 0.37 | 0.69 |
| L* | 58.68 | 59.86 | 58.49 | 59.62 | 0.57 | 0.23 |
| a* | 11.52 | 10.91 | 11.56 | 11.09 | 0.24 | 0.14 |
| b* | 18.69 | 19.06 | 17.56 | 18.02 | 0.45 | 0.09 |
| MFI (mg/mL) | 39.54 | 37.99 | 40.28 | 37.54 | 0.91 | 0.69 |
| WS % (n) | ||||||
| WS scores | 0.19 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.27 | 0.06 | 0.52 |
| Normal | 95.24 (20) | 90.91 (20) | 87.10 (27) | 89.29 (25) | – | 0.88 |
| Moderate | 4.76 (1) | 9.09 (2) | 12.9 (4) | 10.71 (3) | – | – |
| Severe | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | – | – |
| WB % (n) | ||||||
| WB scores | 0.08 | 0.27 | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.08 | 0.28 |
| Normal | 100 (21) | 86.36 (19) | 80.65 (25) | 85.71 (24) | – | 0.38 |
| Mild | 0.00 (0) | 13.64 (3) | 16.13 (5) | 14.29 (4) | – | – |
| Moderate | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 3.23 (1) | 0.00 (0) | – | – |
| Severe | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | – | – |
| Variablesb . | NCa . | PC . | EOL . | EOH . | SEMc . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WBSF (kg) | 1.95a | 1.46b | 1.59ab | 1.33b | 0.16 | 0.04 |
| Cooking loss (%) | 23.11 | 23.63 | 23.24 | 23.04 | 0.85 | 0.96 |
| Cooking time (min) | 37.52 | 37.96 | 35.85 | 35.8 | 1.47 | 0.31 |
| pH 24 h | 6.12a | 6.18ab | 6.20ab | 6.21b | 0.078 | 0.05 |
| pH 96 h | 5.41 | 5.61 | 5.56 | 5.52 | 0.316 | 0.54 |
| Dripping loss (%) | 1.34 | 1.26 | 1.29 | 0.78 | 0.37 | 0.69 |
| L* | 58.68 | 59.86 | 58.49 | 59.62 | 0.57 | 0.23 |
| a* | 11.52 | 10.91 | 11.56 | 11.09 | 0.24 | 0.14 |
| b* | 18.69 | 19.06 | 17.56 | 18.02 | 0.45 | 0.09 |
| MFI (mg/mL) | 39.54 | 37.99 | 40.28 | 37.54 | 0.91 | 0.69 |
| WS % (n) | ||||||
| WS scores | 0.19 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.27 | 0.06 | 0.52 |
| Normal | 95.24 (20) | 90.91 (20) | 87.10 (27) | 89.29 (25) | – | 0.88 |
| Moderate | 4.76 (1) | 9.09 (2) | 12.9 (4) | 10.71 (3) | – | – |
| Severe | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | – | – |
| WB % (n) | ||||||
| WB scores | 0.08 | 0.27 | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.08 | 0.28 |
| Normal | 100 (21) | 86.36 (19) | 80.65 (25) | 85.71 (24) | – | 0.38 |
| Mild | 0.00 (0) | 13.64 (3) | 16.13 (5) | 14.29 (4) | – | – |
| Moderate | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 3.23 (1) | 0.00 (0) | – | – |
| Severe | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | 0.00 (0) | – | – |
aNC, negative control, birds fed with basal diet; PC, positive control, birds fed with 30 mg/kg avilamycin premix; EOL, birds fed 50 mg/kg encapsulated cinnamaldehyde; EOH, birds fed 100 mg/kg encapsulated cinnamaldehyde.
bWBSF, Warner−Bratzler shear force (kg); WS, white striping; WB, woody breast; .L*, lightness; a*, redness; b*, yellowness; MFI, Myofibril Fragmentation Index.
cSEM, standard error of the mean.
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