. | 1974–2017 . | 1974–1984 . | 1985–1998 . | 1999–2007 . | 2008–2017 . | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . |
X | 173 | 99 | 74 | 0 | 0 | |||||
MDC | 70 | 2.84 | 57 | 10.16 | 13 | 1.70 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
PERF | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
AERF | 104 | 4.22 | 83 | 14.80 | 21 | 2.74 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
PCB | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
ACB | 110 | 4.46 | 6 | 1.07 | 35 | 4.57 | 39 | 7.22 | 30 | 5.00 |
LCERT | 13 | 0.53 | 7 | 1.25 | 6 | 0.78 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
LERT | 145 | 5.88 | 80 | 14.26 | 51 | 6.66 | 14 | 2.59 | 0 | 0.00 |
FCERT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FERT | 233 | 9.44 | 26 | 4.63 | 118 | 15.40 | 53 | 9.81 | 36 | 6.00 |
LCMT | 14 | 0.57 | 11 | 1.96 | 3 | 0.39 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
LMT | 36 | 1.46 | 21 | 3.74 | 15 | 1.96 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FCMT | 14 | 0.57 | 10 | 1.78 | 4 | 0.52 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FMT | 11 | 0.45 | 3 | 0.53 | 8 | 1.04 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
LCIT | 63 | 2.55 | 0 | 0.00 | 12 | 1.57 | 33 | 6.11 | 18 | 3.00 |
LIT | 187 | 7.58 | 0 | 0.00 | 24 | 3.13 | 73 | 13.52 | 90 | 15.00 |
FCIT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FIT | 269 | 10.90 | 0 | 0.00 | 31 | 4.05 | 85 | 15.74 | 153 | 25.50 |
MwERT | 39 | 1.58 | 22 | 3.92 | 14 | 1.83 | 3 | 0.56 | 0 | 0.00 |
ERwMT | 16 | 0.65 | 0 | 0.00 | 14 | 1.83 | 2 | 0.37 | 0 | 0.00 |
M&ERT | 15 | 0.61 | 2 | 0.36 | 13 | 1.70 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
MwIT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
IwMT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
M&IT | 2 | 0.08 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.26 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
IwERT | 9 | 0.36 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.52 | 2 | 0.37 | 3 | 0.50 |
ERwIT | 6 | 0.24 | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.39 | 3 | 0.56 | 0 | 0.00 |
I&ERT | 8 | 0.32 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.52 | 3 | 0.56 | 1 | 0.17 |
ER&M&IT | 2 | 0.08 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.26 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
UD | 232 | 9.40 | 128 | 22.82 | 90 | 11.75 | 6 | 1.11 | 8 | 1.33 |
LSD | 552 | 22.38 | 94 | 16.76 | 265 | 34.60 | 115 | 21.30 | 78 | 13.00 |
WSD | 12 | 0.49 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.37 | 10 | 1.67 |
UASC | 25 | 1.01 | 11 | 1.96 | 14 | 1.83 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
CU | 280 | 11.35 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 107 | 19.81 | 173 | 28.83 |
. | 1974–2017 . | 1974–1984 . | 1985–1998 . | 1999–2007 . | 2008–2017 . | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . |
X | 173 | 99 | 74 | 0 | 0 | |||||
MDC | 70 | 2.84 | 57 | 10.16 | 13 | 1.70 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
PERF | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
AERF | 104 | 4.22 | 83 | 14.80 | 21 | 2.74 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
PCB | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
ACB | 110 | 4.46 | 6 | 1.07 | 35 | 4.57 | 39 | 7.22 | 30 | 5.00 |
LCERT | 13 | 0.53 | 7 | 1.25 | 6 | 0.78 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
LERT | 145 | 5.88 | 80 | 14.26 | 51 | 6.66 | 14 | 2.59 | 0 | 0.00 |
FCERT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FERT | 233 | 9.44 | 26 | 4.63 | 118 | 15.40 | 53 | 9.81 | 36 | 6.00 |
LCMT | 14 | 0.57 | 11 | 1.96 | 3 | 0.39 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
LMT | 36 | 1.46 | 21 | 3.74 | 15 | 1.96 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FCMT | 14 | 0.57 | 10 | 1.78 | 4 | 0.52 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FMT | 11 | 0.45 | 3 | 0.53 | 8 | 1.04 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
LCIT | 63 | 2.55 | 0 | 0.00 | 12 | 1.57 | 33 | 6.11 | 18 | 3.00 |
LIT | 187 | 7.58 | 0 | 0.00 | 24 | 3.13 | 73 | 13.52 | 90 | 15.00 |
FCIT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FIT | 269 | 10.90 | 0 | 0.00 | 31 | 4.05 | 85 | 15.74 | 153 | 25.50 |
MwERT | 39 | 1.58 | 22 | 3.92 | 14 | 1.83 | 3 | 0.56 | 0 | 0.00 |
ERwMT | 16 | 0.65 | 0 | 0.00 | 14 | 1.83 | 2 | 0.37 | 0 | 0.00 |
M&ERT | 15 | 0.61 | 2 | 0.36 | 13 | 1.70 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
MwIT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
IwMT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
M&IT | 2 | 0.08 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.26 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
IwERT | 9 | 0.36 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.52 | 2 | 0.37 | 3 | 0.50 |
ERwIT | 6 | 0.24 | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.39 | 3 | 0.56 | 0 | 0.00 |
I&ERT | 8 | 0.32 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.52 | 3 | 0.56 | 1 | 0.17 |
ER&M&IT | 2 | 0.08 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.26 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
UD | 232 | 9.40 | 128 | 22.82 | 90 | 11.75 | 6 | 1.11 | 8 | 1.33 |
LSD | 552 | 22.38 | 94 | 16.76 | 265 | 34.60 | 115 | 21.30 | 78 | 13.00 |
WSD | 12 | 0.49 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.37 | 10 | 1.67 |
UASC | 25 | 1.01 | 11 | 1.96 | 14 | 1.83 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
CU | 280 | 11.35 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 107 | 19.81 | 173 | 28.83 |
Source: Author’s calculations.
Note: Percentages are of total minus the Xs, which are cases where the country does not (yet) exist as a separate entity.
. | 1974–2017 . | 1974–1984 . | 1985–1998 . | 1999–2007 . | 2008–2017 . | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . |
X | 173 | 99 | 74 | 0 | 0 | |||||
MDC | 70 | 2.84 | 57 | 10.16 | 13 | 1.70 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
PERF | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
AERF | 104 | 4.22 | 83 | 14.80 | 21 | 2.74 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
PCB | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
ACB | 110 | 4.46 | 6 | 1.07 | 35 | 4.57 | 39 | 7.22 | 30 | 5.00 |
LCERT | 13 | 0.53 | 7 | 1.25 | 6 | 0.78 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
LERT | 145 | 5.88 | 80 | 14.26 | 51 | 6.66 | 14 | 2.59 | 0 | 0.00 |
FCERT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FERT | 233 | 9.44 | 26 | 4.63 | 118 | 15.40 | 53 | 9.81 | 36 | 6.00 |
LCMT | 14 | 0.57 | 11 | 1.96 | 3 | 0.39 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
LMT | 36 | 1.46 | 21 | 3.74 | 15 | 1.96 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FCMT | 14 | 0.57 | 10 | 1.78 | 4 | 0.52 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FMT | 11 | 0.45 | 3 | 0.53 | 8 | 1.04 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
LCIT | 63 | 2.55 | 0 | 0.00 | 12 | 1.57 | 33 | 6.11 | 18 | 3.00 |
LIT | 187 | 7.58 | 0 | 0.00 | 24 | 3.13 | 73 | 13.52 | 90 | 15.00 |
FCIT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FIT | 269 | 10.90 | 0 | 0.00 | 31 | 4.05 | 85 | 15.74 | 153 | 25.50 |
MwERT | 39 | 1.58 | 22 | 3.92 | 14 | 1.83 | 3 | 0.56 | 0 | 0.00 |
ERwMT | 16 | 0.65 | 0 | 0.00 | 14 | 1.83 | 2 | 0.37 | 0 | 0.00 |
M&ERT | 15 | 0.61 | 2 | 0.36 | 13 | 1.70 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
MwIT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
IwMT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
M&IT | 2 | 0.08 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.26 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
IwERT | 9 | 0.36 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.52 | 2 | 0.37 | 3 | 0.50 |
ERwIT | 6 | 0.24 | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.39 | 3 | 0.56 | 0 | 0.00 |
I&ERT | 8 | 0.32 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.52 | 3 | 0.56 | 1 | 0.17 |
ER&M&IT | 2 | 0.08 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.26 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
UD | 232 | 9.40 | 128 | 22.82 | 90 | 11.75 | 6 | 1.11 | 8 | 1.33 |
LSD | 552 | 22.38 | 94 | 16.76 | 265 | 34.60 | 115 | 21.30 | 78 | 13.00 |
WSD | 12 | 0.49 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.37 | 10 | 1.67 |
UASC | 25 | 1.01 | 11 | 1.96 | 14 | 1.83 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
CU | 280 | 11.35 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 107 | 19.81 | 173 | 28.83 |
. | 1974–2017 . | 1974–1984 . | 1985–1998 . | 1999–2007 . | 2008–2017 . | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . |
X | 173 | 99 | 74 | 0 | 0 | |||||
MDC | 70 | 2.84 | 57 | 10.16 | 13 | 1.70 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
PERF | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
AERF | 104 | 4.22 | 83 | 14.80 | 21 | 2.74 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
PCB | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
ACB | 110 | 4.46 | 6 | 1.07 | 35 | 4.57 | 39 | 7.22 | 30 | 5.00 |
LCERT | 13 | 0.53 | 7 | 1.25 | 6 | 0.78 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
LERT | 145 | 5.88 | 80 | 14.26 | 51 | 6.66 | 14 | 2.59 | 0 | 0.00 |
FCERT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FERT | 233 | 9.44 | 26 | 4.63 | 118 | 15.40 | 53 | 9.81 | 36 | 6.00 |
LCMT | 14 | 0.57 | 11 | 1.96 | 3 | 0.39 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
LMT | 36 | 1.46 | 21 | 3.74 | 15 | 1.96 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FCMT | 14 | 0.57 | 10 | 1.78 | 4 | 0.52 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FMT | 11 | 0.45 | 3 | 0.53 | 8 | 1.04 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
LCIT | 63 | 2.55 | 0 | 0.00 | 12 | 1.57 | 33 | 6.11 | 18 | 3.00 |
LIT | 187 | 7.58 | 0 | 0.00 | 24 | 3.13 | 73 | 13.52 | 90 | 15.00 |
FCIT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
FIT | 269 | 10.90 | 0 | 0.00 | 31 | 4.05 | 85 | 15.74 | 153 | 25.50 |
MwERT | 39 | 1.58 | 22 | 3.92 | 14 | 1.83 | 3 | 0.56 | 0 | 0.00 |
ERwMT | 16 | 0.65 | 0 | 0.00 | 14 | 1.83 | 2 | 0.37 | 0 | 0.00 |
M&ERT | 15 | 0.61 | 2 | 0.36 | 13 | 1.70 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
MwIT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
IwMT | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
M&IT | 2 | 0.08 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.26 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
IwERT | 9 | 0.36 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.52 | 2 | 0.37 | 3 | 0.50 |
ERwIT | 6 | 0.24 | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.39 | 3 | 0.56 | 0 | 0.00 |
I&ERT | 8 | 0.32 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.52 | 3 | 0.56 | 1 | 0.17 |
ER&M&IT | 2 | 0.08 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.26 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
UD | 232 | 9.40 | 128 | 22.82 | 90 | 11.75 | 6 | 1.11 | 8 | 1.33 |
LSD | 552 | 22.38 | 94 | 16.76 | 265 | 34.60 | 115 | 21.30 | 78 | 13.00 |
WSD | 12 | 0.49 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.37 | 10 | 1.67 |
UASC | 25 | 1.01 | 11 | 1.96 | 14 | 1.83 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
CU | 280 | 11.35 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 107 | 19.81 | 173 | 28.83 |
Source: Author’s calculations.
Note: Percentages are of total minus the Xs, which are cases where the country does not (yet) exist as a separate entity.
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