Table 1.

Suggested Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 by Illness Severity

Disease CategoryRespiratory Support RequirementManagement
Mild/ moderateNo new or increased supplemental oxygen requirementSupportive care
SevereNew or increase from baseline supplemental oxygen requirement without need for new or increase in baseline noninvasive/invasive mechanical ventilationaSupportive care alone is appropriate for the majority of children. Use of potentially active antivirals could be considered on a case-by-case basis,b preferably as part of a clinical trial if available.
CriticalNew or increased requirement for invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation,a sepsis, or multiorgan failure; or rapidly worsening clinical trajectory that does not yet meet these criteria Supportive care may be appropriate for children who are severely ill with coronavirus disease 2019. Use of potentially active antivirals should be considered, preferably as part of a clinical trial if available.
Disease CategoryRespiratory Support RequirementManagement
Mild/ moderateNo new or increased supplemental oxygen requirementSupportive care
SevereNew or increase from baseline supplemental oxygen requirement without need for new or increase in baseline noninvasive/invasive mechanical ventilationaSupportive care alone is appropriate for the majority of children. Use of potentially active antivirals could be considered on a case-by-case basis,b preferably as part of a clinical trial if available.
CriticalNew or increased requirement for invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation,a sepsis, or multiorgan failure; or rapidly worsening clinical trajectory that does not yet meet these criteria Supportive care may be appropriate for children who are severely ill with coronavirus disease 2019. Use of potentially active antivirals should be considered, preferably as part of a clinical trial if available.

aNoninvasive mechanical ventilation includes high-flow nasal canula, continuous positive airway pressure, or bilevel positive airway pressure.

bCase-by-case considerations could include underlying medical conditions and health status that may confer risk for more serious illness.

Table 1.

Suggested Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 by Illness Severity

Disease CategoryRespiratory Support RequirementManagement
Mild/ moderateNo new or increased supplemental oxygen requirementSupportive care
SevereNew or increase from baseline supplemental oxygen requirement without need for new or increase in baseline noninvasive/invasive mechanical ventilationaSupportive care alone is appropriate for the majority of children. Use of potentially active antivirals could be considered on a case-by-case basis,b preferably as part of a clinical trial if available.
CriticalNew or increased requirement for invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation,a sepsis, or multiorgan failure; or rapidly worsening clinical trajectory that does not yet meet these criteria Supportive care may be appropriate for children who are severely ill with coronavirus disease 2019. Use of potentially active antivirals should be considered, preferably as part of a clinical trial if available.
Disease CategoryRespiratory Support RequirementManagement
Mild/ moderateNo new or increased supplemental oxygen requirementSupportive care
SevereNew or increase from baseline supplemental oxygen requirement without need for new or increase in baseline noninvasive/invasive mechanical ventilationaSupportive care alone is appropriate for the majority of children. Use of potentially active antivirals could be considered on a case-by-case basis,b preferably as part of a clinical trial if available.
CriticalNew or increased requirement for invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation,a sepsis, or multiorgan failure; or rapidly worsening clinical trajectory that does not yet meet these criteria Supportive care may be appropriate for children who are severely ill with coronavirus disease 2019. Use of potentially active antivirals should be considered, preferably as part of a clinical trial if available.

aNoninvasive mechanical ventilation includes high-flow nasal canula, continuous positive airway pressure, or bilevel positive airway pressure.

bCase-by-case considerations could include underlying medical conditions and health status that may confer risk for more serious illness.

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