Table 1. Summary of COVID-19 in Transplantation Studies from February to May 2020
| Studies . | Zhang et al. [1] . | Zhu et al. [2] . | Banerjee et al. [3] . | Alberici et al. [4] . | Columbia University Kidney Transplant Program [5] . | Fernandez-Ruiz et al. [6] . | Akalin et al. [7] . | Pereira et al. [8] . | Nair et al. [9] . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date accepted for publication | March 20 | March 23 | March 27 | April 3 | April 6 | April 16 | April 24 | April 24 | April 29 |
| Number of patients | 5 | 10 | 7 | 20 | 15 | 18 | 36 | 90 | 10 |
| Organ transplanted | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney 8, liver 6, heart 4 | Kidney | Kidney 46, lung 17, liver 13, heart 9, heart-kidney 3, liver-kidney 1, pancreas-kidney 1 | Kidney |
| Age, years | 38 (38–47) | 50 (32–54) | 54 (45–69) | 59 (51–64) | 51 (28–72) | 71 (64–75) | 60 (32–77) | 57 (46–68) | 57 (47–67) |
| Male gender, % | 80 | 80 | 57 | 80 | 67 | 77.8 | 72 | 59 | 60 |
| Time from transplant | 352 days (170–929) | 6–12 months | 3 to ≥1 year | 13 years (9–20) | 4.1 years (3.2–9.8) | 9.3 years (6.3–16.5) | No info | 6.64 years (2.87–10.61) | 7.7 years (3.5–12.6) |
| Comorbidities, % | |||||||||
| HTN | 40 | 50 | 86 | 85 | – | 56 | 94 | 64 | 100 |
| DM | 20 | – | 43 | 15 | – | – | 69 | 46 | 80 |
| CKD | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 63 | – |
| CLD | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 19 | – |
| CHD | – | 20 | – | 15 | – | 17 | 17 | – | – |
| Cirrhosis | – | – | – | – | – | 28 | – | – | – |
| Baseline immuno suppression, % | |||||||||
| Tacrolimus | 80 | 90 | 86 | 95 | 93 | 56 | 97 | 86 | 90 |
| Cyclosporine | – | 10 | – | – | – | 17 | – | – | – |
| MMF/MPA | 100 | 90 | 71 | 70 | 80 | 61 | 86 | 72 | 100 |
| Prednisone | – | 70 | 71 | 65 | 67 | 67 | 94 | 59 | 70 |
| mTOR | – | – | – | 10 | – | 22 | – | 7 | 20 |
| Belatacept | – | – | – | – | 13 | – | – | 6 | – |
| Presenting symptoms, % | |||||||||
| Fever | – | 90 | 71 | 100 | 87 | 83 | 58 | 70 | 90 |
| Cough | 100 | 90 | 57 | 50 | 60 | 67 | 53 | 60 | 80 |
| Dyspnea | – | 90 | 86 | 5 | 27 | 61 | 44 | 43 | 30 |
| Diarrhea | – | 30 | 14 | 15 | 20 | 22 | 22 | 31 | 20 |
| Fatigue | 60 | 90 | – | – | 27 | – | – | 28 | 50 |
| ICU admission | 0 | – | 57 | 20 | – | 11 | – | 34 (23/68) | 50 |
| Intubation/ mechanical ventilation | 0 | 0 | 29 | 10 | 27 | 11 | 39 (11/28) | 35 (24/68) | 44 (4/9) |
| Immuno suppression reduced/ discontinued | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Treatment(s), % | |||||||||
| HCQ | – | – | – | 95 | 87 | 72,a 8 in combo with LPV/r | 86 (24/28) | 91 (62/68) | 100 (9/9) |
| Azithromycin | – | – | – | – | 60 | – | 46 (13/28) | 66 (45/68) | 100 (9/9) |
| Remdesivir | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 (2/68) | – |
| Tocilizumab | – | – | – | 30 | 7 | 6 | 7 (2/28) | 21 (14/68) | – |
| Leronlimab | – | – | – | – | – | – | 21 (6/28) | – | – |
| Oseltamivir | 100 | 20 | 14 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Follow-up, days | 29 (27–31) | – | – | – | 7 (3–11) | 18 (14.5–22) | 21 (14–28) | 20 (14–24) | 25 (11–26) |
| Mortality | 0 | 10 | 14 | 25 | 7 | 28 | 28 | 24 | 30 |
| Studies . | Zhang et al. [1] . | Zhu et al. [2] . | Banerjee et al. [3] . | Alberici et al. [4] . | Columbia University Kidney Transplant Program [5] . | Fernandez-Ruiz et al. [6] . | Akalin et al. [7] . | Pereira et al. [8] . | Nair et al. [9] . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date accepted for publication | March 20 | March 23 | March 27 | April 3 | April 6 | April 16 | April 24 | April 24 | April 29 |
| Number of patients | 5 | 10 | 7 | 20 | 15 | 18 | 36 | 90 | 10 |
| Organ transplanted | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney 8, liver 6, heart 4 | Kidney | Kidney 46, lung 17, liver 13, heart 9, heart-kidney 3, liver-kidney 1, pancreas-kidney 1 | Kidney |
| Age, years | 38 (38–47) | 50 (32–54) | 54 (45–69) | 59 (51–64) | 51 (28–72) | 71 (64–75) | 60 (32–77) | 57 (46–68) | 57 (47–67) |
| Male gender, % | 80 | 80 | 57 | 80 | 67 | 77.8 | 72 | 59 | 60 |
| Time from transplant | 352 days (170–929) | 6–12 months | 3 to ≥1 year | 13 years (9–20) | 4.1 years (3.2–9.8) | 9.3 years (6.3–16.5) | No info | 6.64 years (2.87–10.61) | 7.7 years (3.5–12.6) |
| Comorbidities, % | |||||||||
| HTN | 40 | 50 | 86 | 85 | – | 56 | 94 | 64 | 100 |
| DM | 20 | – | 43 | 15 | – | – | 69 | 46 | 80 |
| CKD | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 63 | – |
| CLD | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 19 | – |
| CHD | – | 20 | – | 15 | – | 17 | 17 | – | – |
| Cirrhosis | – | – | – | – | – | 28 | – | – | – |
| Baseline immuno suppression, % | |||||||||
| Tacrolimus | 80 | 90 | 86 | 95 | 93 | 56 | 97 | 86 | 90 |
| Cyclosporine | – | 10 | – | – | – | 17 | – | – | – |
| MMF/MPA | 100 | 90 | 71 | 70 | 80 | 61 | 86 | 72 | 100 |
| Prednisone | – | 70 | 71 | 65 | 67 | 67 | 94 | 59 | 70 |
| mTOR | – | – | – | 10 | – | 22 | – | 7 | 20 |
| Belatacept | – | – | – | – | 13 | – | – | 6 | – |
| Presenting symptoms, % | |||||||||
| Fever | – | 90 | 71 | 100 | 87 | 83 | 58 | 70 | 90 |
| Cough | 100 | 90 | 57 | 50 | 60 | 67 | 53 | 60 | 80 |
| Dyspnea | – | 90 | 86 | 5 | 27 | 61 | 44 | 43 | 30 |
| Diarrhea | – | 30 | 14 | 15 | 20 | 22 | 22 | 31 | 20 |
| Fatigue | 60 | 90 | – | – | 27 | – | – | 28 | 50 |
| ICU admission | 0 | – | 57 | 20 | – | 11 | – | 34 (23/68) | 50 |
| Intubation/ mechanical ventilation | 0 | 0 | 29 | 10 | 27 | 11 | 39 (11/28) | 35 (24/68) | 44 (4/9) |
| Immuno suppression reduced/ discontinued | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Treatment(s), % | |||||||||
| HCQ | – | – | – | 95 | 87 | 72,a 8 in combo with LPV/r | 86 (24/28) | 91 (62/68) | 100 (9/9) |
| Azithromycin | – | – | – | – | 60 | – | 46 (13/28) | 66 (45/68) | 100 (9/9) |
| Remdesivir | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 (2/68) | – |
| Tocilizumab | – | – | – | 30 | 7 | 6 | 7 (2/28) | 21 (14/68) | – |
| Leronlimab | – | – | – | – | – | – | 21 (6/28) | – | – |
| Oseltamivir | 100 | 20 | 14 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Follow-up, days | 29 (27–31) | – | – | – | 7 (3–11) | 18 (14.5–22) | 21 (14–28) | 20 (14–24) | 25 (11–26) |
| Mortality | 0 | 10 | 14 | 25 | 7 | 28 | 28 | 24 | 30 |
All data presented as median (IQR) unless otherwise noted. CHD: coronary heart disease; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CLD: chronic lung disease; DM: diabetes; ICU: intensive care unit; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; HTN: hypertension; LPV/r: lopinavir/ritonavir; MMF: mycophenolate mofetil; MPA: mycophenolic acid; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin; –, not recorded.
Table 1. Summary of COVID-19 in Transplantation Studies from February to May 2020
| Studies . | Zhang et al. [1] . | Zhu et al. [2] . | Banerjee et al. [3] . | Alberici et al. [4] . | Columbia University Kidney Transplant Program [5] . | Fernandez-Ruiz et al. [6] . | Akalin et al. [7] . | Pereira et al. [8] . | Nair et al. [9] . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date accepted for publication | March 20 | March 23 | March 27 | April 3 | April 6 | April 16 | April 24 | April 24 | April 29 |
| Number of patients | 5 | 10 | 7 | 20 | 15 | 18 | 36 | 90 | 10 |
| Organ transplanted | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney 8, liver 6, heart 4 | Kidney | Kidney 46, lung 17, liver 13, heart 9, heart-kidney 3, liver-kidney 1, pancreas-kidney 1 | Kidney |
| Age, years | 38 (38–47) | 50 (32–54) | 54 (45–69) | 59 (51–64) | 51 (28–72) | 71 (64–75) | 60 (32–77) | 57 (46–68) | 57 (47–67) |
| Male gender, % | 80 | 80 | 57 | 80 | 67 | 77.8 | 72 | 59 | 60 |
| Time from transplant | 352 days (170–929) | 6–12 months | 3 to ≥1 year | 13 years (9–20) | 4.1 years (3.2–9.8) | 9.3 years (6.3–16.5) | No info | 6.64 years (2.87–10.61) | 7.7 years (3.5–12.6) |
| Comorbidities, % | |||||||||
| HTN | 40 | 50 | 86 | 85 | – | 56 | 94 | 64 | 100 |
| DM | 20 | – | 43 | 15 | – | – | 69 | 46 | 80 |
| CKD | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 63 | – |
| CLD | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 19 | – |
| CHD | – | 20 | – | 15 | – | 17 | 17 | – | – |
| Cirrhosis | – | – | – | – | – | 28 | – | – | – |
| Baseline immuno suppression, % | |||||||||
| Tacrolimus | 80 | 90 | 86 | 95 | 93 | 56 | 97 | 86 | 90 |
| Cyclosporine | – | 10 | – | – | – | 17 | – | – | – |
| MMF/MPA | 100 | 90 | 71 | 70 | 80 | 61 | 86 | 72 | 100 |
| Prednisone | – | 70 | 71 | 65 | 67 | 67 | 94 | 59 | 70 |
| mTOR | – | – | – | 10 | – | 22 | – | 7 | 20 |
| Belatacept | – | – | – | – | 13 | – | – | 6 | – |
| Presenting symptoms, % | |||||||||
| Fever | – | 90 | 71 | 100 | 87 | 83 | 58 | 70 | 90 |
| Cough | 100 | 90 | 57 | 50 | 60 | 67 | 53 | 60 | 80 |
| Dyspnea | – | 90 | 86 | 5 | 27 | 61 | 44 | 43 | 30 |
| Diarrhea | – | 30 | 14 | 15 | 20 | 22 | 22 | 31 | 20 |
| Fatigue | 60 | 90 | – | – | 27 | – | – | 28 | 50 |
| ICU admission | 0 | – | 57 | 20 | – | 11 | – | 34 (23/68) | 50 |
| Intubation/ mechanical ventilation | 0 | 0 | 29 | 10 | 27 | 11 | 39 (11/28) | 35 (24/68) | 44 (4/9) |
| Immuno suppression reduced/ discontinued | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Treatment(s), % | |||||||||
| HCQ | – | – | – | 95 | 87 | 72,a 8 in combo with LPV/r | 86 (24/28) | 91 (62/68) | 100 (9/9) |
| Azithromycin | – | – | – | – | 60 | – | 46 (13/28) | 66 (45/68) | 100 (9/9) |
| Remdesivir | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 (2/68) | – |
| Tocilizumab | – | – | – | 30 | 7 | 6 | 7 (2/28) | 21 (14/68) | – |
| Leronlimab | – | – | – | – | – | – | 21 (6/28) | – | – |
| Oseltamivir | 100 | 20 | 14 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Follow-up, days | 29 (27–31) | – | – | – | 7 (3–11) | 18 (14.5–22) | 21 (14–28) | 20 (14–24) | 25 (11–26) |
| Mortality | 0 | 10 | 14 | 25 | 7 | 28 | 28 | 24 | 30 |
| Studies . | Zhang et al. [1] . | Zhu et al. [2] . | Banerjee et al. [3] . | Alberici et al. [4] . | Columbia University Kidney Transplant Program [5] . | Fernandez-Ruiz et al. [6] . | Akalin et al. [7] . | Pereira et al. [8] . | Nair et al. [9] . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date accepted for publication | March 20 | March 23 | March 27 | April 3 | April 6 | April 16 | April 24 | April 24 | April 29 |
| Number of patients | 5 | 10 | 7 | 20 | 15 | 18 | 36 | 90 | 10 |
| Organ transplanted | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney | Kidney 8, liver 6, heart 4 | Kidney | Kidney 46, lung 17, liver 13, heart 9, heart-kidney 3, liver-kidney 1, pancreas-kidney 1 | Kidney |
| Age, years | 38 (38–47) | 50 (32–54) | 54 (45–69) | 59 (51–64) | 51 (28–72) | 71 (64–75) | 60 (32–77) | 57 (46–68) | 57 (47–67) |
| Male gender, % | 80 | 80 | 57 | 80 | 67 | 77.8 | 72 | 59 | 60 |
| Time from transplant | 352 days (170–929) | 6–12 months | 3 to ≥1 year | 13 years (9–20) | 4.1 years (3.2–9.8) | 9.3 years (6.3–16.5) | No info | 6.64 years (2.87–10.61) | 7.7 years (3.5–12.6) |
| Comorbidities, % | |||||||||
| HTN | 40 | 50 | 86 | 85 | – | 56 | 94 | 64 | 100 |
| DM | 20 | – | 43 | 15 | – | – | 69 | 46 | 80 |
| CKD | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 63 | – |
| CLD | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 19 | – |
| CHD | – | 20 | – | 15 | – | 17 | 17 | – | – |
| Cirrhosis | – | – | – | – | – | 28 | – | – | – |
| Baseline immuno suppression, % | |||||||||
| Tacrolimus | 80 | 90 | 86 | 95 | 93 | 56 | 97 | 86 | 90 |
| Cyclosporine | – | 10 | – | – | – | 17 | – | – | – |
| MMF/MPA | 100 | 90 | 71 | 70 | 80 | 61 | 86 | 72 | 100 |
| Prednisone | – | 70 | 71 | 65 | 67 | 67 | 94 | 59 | 70 |
| mTOR | – | – | – | 10 | – | 22 | – | 7 | 20 |
| Belatacept | – | – | – | – | 13 | – | – | 6 | – |
| Presenting symptoms, % | |||||||||
| Fever | – | 90 | 71 | 100 | 87 | 83 | 58 | 70 | 90 |
| Cough | 100 | 90 | 57 | 50 | 60 | 67 | 53 | 60 | 80 |
| Dyspnea | – | 90 | 86 | 5 | 27 | 61 | 44 | 43 | 30 |
| Diarrhea | – | 30 | 14 | 15 | 20 | 22 | 22 | 31 | 20 |
| Fatigue | 60 | 90 | – | – | 27 | – | – | 28 | 50 |
| ICU admission | 0 | – | 57 | 20 | – | 11 | – | 34 (23/68) | 50 |
| Intubation/ mechanical ventilation | 0 | 0 | 29 | 10 | 27 | 11 | 39 (11/28) | 35 (24/68) | 44 (4/9) |
| Immuno suppression reduced/ discontinued | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Treatment(s), % | |||||||||
| HCQ | – | – | – | 95 | 87 | 72,a 8 in combo with LPV/r | 86 (24/28) | 91 (62/68) | 100 (9/9) |
| Azithromycin | – | – | – | – | 60 | – | 46 (13/28) | 66 (45/68) | 100 (9/9) |
| Remdesivir | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 (2/68) | – |
| Tocilizumab | – | – | – | 30 | 7 | 6 | 7 (2/28) | 21 (14/68) | – |
| Leronlimab | – | – | – | – | – | – | 21 (6/28) | – | – |
| Oseltamivir | 100 | 20 | 14 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Follow-up, days | 29 (27–31) | – | – | – | 7 (3–11) | 18 (14.5–22) | 21 (14–28) | 20 (14–24) | 25 (11–26) |
| Mortality | 0 | 10 | 14 | 25 | 7 | 28 | 28 | 24 | 30 |
All data presented as median (IQR) unless otherwise noted. CHD: coronary heart disease; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CLD: chronic lung disease; DM: diabetes; ICU: intensive care unit; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; HTN: hypertension; LPV/r: lopinavir/ritonavir; MMF: mycophenolate mofetil; MPA: mycophenolic acid; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin; –, not recorded.
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