| . | All patients (n = 103) . | Patients without LA fibrosis (n = 64) . | Patients with LA fibrosis (n = 39) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical data | ||||
| Age (years) | 64 (56–73) | 61 ± 8 | 69 ± 11 | <0.001 |
| Gender (male) | 71 (69) | 47 (73) | 24 (62) | 0.206 |
| AF type (persistent) | 81 (79) | 48 (75) | 33 (85) | 0.248 |
| NYHA class | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 0.887 |
| CHA2DS2-VASC | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–3) | 3 (3–4) | 0.017 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| ICM | 15 (15) | 8 (13) | 7 (18) | 0.447 |
| NICM | 88 (85) | 56 (88) | 32 (82) | 0.447 |
| Arterial hypertension | 71 (69) | 46 (72) | 25 (64) | 0.408 |
| CAD | 56 (54) | 35 (55) | 21 (54) | 0.934 |
| Diabetes mellitus II | 35 (30) | 16 (25) | 19 (49) | 0.014 |
| Previous stroke/TIA | 9 (9) | 3 (5) | 6 (15) | 0.062 |
| Medication | ||||
| β-Blocker | 95 (92) | 58 (91) | 37 (95) | 0.435 |
| ACE-I/ARB | 89 (84) | 57 (89) | 32 (82) | 0.314 |
| Diuretics | 70 (60) | 41 (64) | 29 (74) | 0.277 |
| Mineralocorticoid | 45 (44) | 23 (36) | 22 (56) | 0.042 |
| Digitoxin | 17 (17) | 12 (19) | 5 (13) | 0.432 |
| Antiarrhythmics | 25 (24) | 16 (25) | 9 (23) | 0.733 |
| Anticoagulation | 100 (98) | 63 (98) | 37 (97) | 0.316 |
| Echocardiographic data | ||||
| LVEF (%) | 33 (25–38) | 35 (25–38) | 32 (25–39) | 0.917 |
| LA (mm) | 48 ± 5 | 47 ± 6 | 50 ± 5 | 0.047 |
| LVED (mm) | 56 ± 9 | 57 ±10 | 56 ± 7 | 0.847 |
| Mitral regurgitation | 0.222 | |||
| Non | 2 (2) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | |
| Mild (I°) | 63 (62) | 43 (67) | 20 (54) | |
| Moderate (II°) | 32 (32) | 16 (25) | 16 (43) | |
| Severe (III°) | 4 (4) | 3 (5) | 1 (3) | |
| . | All patients (n = 103) . | Patients without LA fibrosis (n = 64) . | Patients with LA fibrosis (n = 39) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical data | ||||
| Age (years) | 64 (56–73) | 61 ± 8 | 69 ± 11 | <0.001 |
| Gender (male) | 71 (69) | 47 (73) | 24 (62) | 0.206 |
| AF type (persistent) | 81 (79) | 48 (75) | 33 (85) | 0.248 |
| NYHA class | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 0.887 |
| CHA2DS2-VASC | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–3) | 3 (3–4) | 0.017 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| ICM | 15 (15) | 8 (13) | 7 (18) | 0.447 |
| NICM | 88 (85) | 56 (88) | 32 (82) | 0.447 |
| Arterial hypertension | 71 (69) | 46 (72) | 25 (64) | 0.408 |
| CAD | 56 (54) | 35 (55) | 21 (54) | 0.934 |
| Diabetes mellitus II | 35 (30) | 16 (25) | 19 (49) | 0.014 |
| Previous stroke/TIA | 9 (9) | 3 (5) | 6 (15) | 0.062 |
| Medication | ||||
| β-Blocker | 95 (92) | 58 (91) | 37 (95) | 0.435 |
| ACE-I/ARB | 89 (84) | 57 (89) | 32 (82) | 0.314 |
| Diuretics | 70 (60) | 41 (64) | 29 (74) | 0.277 |
| Mineralocorticoid | 45 (44) | 23 (36) | 22 (56) | 0.042 |
| Digitoxin | 17 (17) | 12 (19) | 5 (13) | 0.432 |
| Antiarrhythmics | 25 (24) | 16 (25) | 9 (23) | 0.733 |
| Anticoagulation | 100 (98) | 63 (98) | 37 (97) | 0.316 |
| Echocardiographic data | ||||
| LVEF (%) | 33 (25–38) | 35 (25–38) | 32 (25–39) | 0.917 |
| LA (mm) | 48 ± 5 | 47 ± 6 | 50 ± 5 | 0.047 |
| LVED (mm) | 56 ± 9 | 57 ±10 | 56 ± 7 | 0.847 |
| Mitral regurgitation | 0.222 | |||
| Non | 2 (2) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | |
| Mild (I°) | 63 (62) | 43 (67) | 20 (54) | |
| Moderate (II°) | 32 (32) | 16 (25) | 16 (43) | |
| Severe (III°) | 4 (4) | 3 (5) | 1 (3) | |
Data are given as mean ± SD, median (IQR), or number (n) and percentage (%) of patients.
ACE-I, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor; AF, atrial fibrillation; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; CAD, coronary artery disease; ICM, ischaemic cardiomyopathy; IQR, interquartile range; LA, left atrium; LVED, left ventricular end-diastolic; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NICM, non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SD, standard deviation; TIA, transitory ischaemic attack.
| . | All patients (n = 103) . | Patients without LA fibrosis (n = 64) . | Patients with LA fibrosis (n = 39) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical data | ||||
| Age (years) | 64 (56–73) | 61 ± 8 | 69 ± 11 | <0.001 |
| Gender (male) | 71 (69) | 47 (73) | 24 (62) | 0.206 |
| AF type (persistent) | 81 (79) | 48 (75) | 33 (85) | 0.248 |
| NYHA class | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 0.887 |
| CHA2DS2-VASC | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–3) | 3 (3–4) | 0.017 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| ICM | 15 (15) | 8 (13) | 7 (18) | 0.447 |
| NICM | 88 (85) | 56 (88) | 32 (82) | 0.447 |
| Arterial hypertension | 71 (69) | 46 (72) | 25 (64) | 0.408 |
| CAD | 56 (54) | 35 (55) | 21 (54) | 0.934 |
| Diabetes mellitus II | 35 (30) | 16 (25) | 19 (49) | 0.014 |
| Previous stroke/TIA | 9 (9) | 3 (5) | 6 (15) | 0.062 |
| Medication | ||||
| β-Blocker | 95 (92) | 58 (91) | 37 (95) | 0.435 |
| ACE-I/ARB | 89 (84) | 57 (89) | 32 (82) | 0.314 |
| Diuretics | 70 (60) | 41 (64) | 29 (74) | 0.277 |
| Mineralocorticoid | 45 (44) | 23 (36) | 22 (56) | 0.042 |
| Digitoxin | 17 (17) | 12 (19) | 5 (13) | 0.432 |
| Antiarrhythmics | 25 (24) | 16 (25) | 9 (23) | 0.733 |
| Anticoagulation | 100 (98) | 63 (98) | 37 (97) | 0.316 |
| Echocardiographic data | ||||
| LVEF (%) | 33 (25–38) | 35 (25–38) | 32 (25–39) | 0.917 |
| LA (mm) | 48 ± 5 | 47 ± 6 | 50 ± 5 | 0.047 |
| LVED (mm) | 56 ± 9 | 57 ±10 | 56 ± 7 | 0.847 |
| Mitral regurgitation | 0.222 | |||
| Non | 2 (2) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | |
| Mild (I°) | 63 (62) | 43 (67) | 20 (54) | |
| Moderate (II°) | 32 (32) | 16 (25) | 16 (43) | |
| Severe (III°) | 4 (4) | 3 (5) | 1 (3) | |
| . | All patients (n = 103) . | Patients without LA fibrosis (n = 64) . | Patients with LA fibrosis (n = 39) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical data | ||||
| Age (years) | 64 (56–73) | 61 ± 8 | 69 ± 11 | <0.001 |
| Gender (male) | 71 (69) | 47 (73) | 24 (62) | 0.206 |
| AF type (persistent) | 81 (79) | 48 (75) | 33 (85) | 0.248 |
| NYHA class | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 0.887 |
| CHA2DS2-VASC | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–3) | 3 (3–4) | 0.017 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| ICM | 15 (15) | 8 (13) | 7 (18) | 0.447 |
| NICM | 88 (85) | 56 (88) | 32 (82) | 0.447 |
| Arterial hypertension | 71 (69) | 46 (72) | 25 (64) | 0.408 |
| CAD | 56 (54) | 35 (55) | 21 (54) | 0.934 |
| Diabetes mellitus II | 35 (30) | 16 (25) | 19 (49) | 0.014 |
| Previous stroke/TIA | 9 (9) | 3 (5) | 6 (15) | 0.062 |
| Medication | ||||
| β-Blocker | 95 (92) | 58 (91) | 37 (95) | 0.435 |
| ACE-I/ARB | 89 (84) | 57 (89) | 32 (82) | 0.314 |
| Diuretics | 70 (60) | 41 (64) | 29 (74) | 0.277 |
| Mineralocorticoid | 45 (44) | 23 (36) | 22 (56) | 0.042 |
| Digitoxin | 17 (17) | 12 (19) | 5 (13) | 0.432 |
| Antiarrhythmics | 25 (24) | 16 (25) | 9 (23) | 0.733 |
| Anticoagulation | 100 (98) | 63 (98) | 37 (97) | 0.316 |
| Echocardiographic data | ||||
| LVEF (%) | 33 (25–38) | 35 (25–38) | 32 (25–39) | 0.917 |
| LA (mm) | 48 ± 5 | 47 ± 6 | 50 ± 5 | 0.047 |
| LVED (mm) | 56 ± 9 | 57 ±10 | 56 ± 7 | 0.847 |
| Mitral regurgitation | 0.222 | |||
| Non | 2 (2) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | |
| Mild (I°) | 63 (62) | 43 (67) | 20 (54) | |
| Moderate (II°) | 32 (32) | 16 (25) | 16 (43) | |
| Severe (III°) | 4 (4) | 3 (5) | 1 (3) | |
Data are given as mean ± SD, median (IQR), or number (n) and percentage (%) of patients.
ACE-I, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor; AF, atrial fibrillation; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; CAD, coronary artery disease; ICM, ischaemic cardiomyopathy; IQR, interquartile range; LA, left atrium; LVED, left ventricular end-diastolic; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NICM, non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SD, standard deviation; TIA, transitory ischaemic attack.
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