Table 1.
Open in new tab

Main speckle-tracking echocardiographic studies assessing left ventricular strain in athletes.

AuthorYear of PublicationSports disciplinenLongitudinal strainCircumferential strainRadial strainTorsionSoftware
Richand et al.262007Professional soccer player29−15.0 ± 3.6% (base) −16.4 ± 3.0% (mid) −18.9 ± 4.0% (apex)NA in the overall populationNA in the overall populationNAEchoPAC, GE
Caselli et al.272014Olympic Athletes200−18.1 ± 2.2%NANANAQLab, Philips
Nottin et al.282008Elite cyclists1619.2 ± 1.9%−16.0 ± 3.5% (base) −18.1 ± 2.5% (apex)41.7 ± 11.9% (base) 42.7 ± 10.5% (apex)6.0 ± 1.8°EchoPAC, GE
Butz et al.292011Top-level handball palyers20−15.2 ± 3.6%NANANAEchoPAC, GE
Cappelli et al.302010Endurance athletes50−18.4 ± 3.0%−18.6 ± 7.1% (base) −29.1 ± 11.3% (apex)40.8 ± 12.7% (base) 20.5 ± 14.2% (apex)15.2 ± 4.9°EchoPAC, GE
Galderisi et al.312010Top-level rowers22−22.2 ± 2.7%−17.7 ± 2.5 (global)47.6 ± 19.1% (global)9.2 ± 2.0°EchoPAC, GE
Simsek et al.322013Marathon runners22−22.3 ± 2.2% (global)NANANAEchoPAC, GE
Simsek et al.322013Wrestlers24−21.8 ± 1.7% (global)NANANAEchoPAC, GE
Weiner et al.34 (longitudinal study)2010University Rowers15−16.8 ± 2.1% (pre-training) −18.3 ± 2.8% (post-trainig)NANA14.1 ± 5.0° (pre-training) 18.0 ± 3.6° (post-training)EchoPAC, GE
AuthorYear of PublicationSports disciplinenLongitudinal strainCircumferential strainRadial strainTorsionSoftware
Richand et al.262007Professional soccer player29−15.0 ± 3.6% (base) −16.4 ± 3.0% (mid) −18.9 ± 4.0% (apex)NA in the overall populationNA in the overall populationNAEchoPAC, GE
Caselli et al.272014Olympic Athletes200−18.1 ± 2.2%NANANAQLab, Philips
Nottin et al.282008Elite cyclists1619.2 ± 1.9%−16.0 ± 3.5% (base) −18.1 ± 2.5% (apex)41.7 ± 11.9% (base) 42.7 ± 10.5% (apex)6.0 ± 1.8°EchoPAC, GE
Butz et al.292011Top-level handball palyers20−15.2 ± 3.6%NANANAEchoPAC, GE
Cappelli et al.302010Endurance athletes50−18.4 ± 3.0%−18.6 ± 7.1% (base) −29.1 ± 11.3% (apex)40.8 ± 12.7% (base) 20.5 ± 14.2% (apex)15.2 ± 4.9°EchoPAC, GE
Galderisi et al.312010Top-level rowers22−22.2 ± 2.7%−17.7 ± 2.5 (global)47.6 ± 19.1% (global)9.2 ± 2.0°EchoPAC, GE
Simsek et al.322013Marathon runners22−22.3 ± 2.2% (global)NANANAEchoPAC, GE
Simsek et al.322013Wrestlers24−21.8 ± 1.7% (global)NANANAEchoPAC, GE
Weiner et al.34 (longitudinal study)2010University Rowers15−16.8 ± 2.1% (pre-training) −18.3 ± 2.8% (post-trainig)NANA14.1 ± 5.0° (pre-training) 18.0 ± 3.6° (post-training)EchoPAC, GE
Table 1.
Open in new tab

Main speckle-tracking echocardiographic studies assessing left ventricular strain in athletes.

AuthorYear of PublicationSports disciplinenLongitudinal strainCircumferential strainRadial strainTorsionSoftware
Richand et al.262007Professional soccer player29−15.0 ± 3.6% (base) −16.4 ± 3.0% (mid) −18.9 ± 4.0% (apex)NA in the overall populationNA in the overall populationNAEchoPAC, GE
Caselli et al.272014Olympic Athletes200−18.1 ± 2.2%NANANAQLab, Philips
Nottin et al.282008Elite cyclists1619.2 ± 1.9%−16.0 ± 3.5% (base) −18.1 ± 2.5% (apex)41.7 ± 11.9% (base) 42.7 ± 10.5% (apex)6.0 ± 1.8°EchoPAC, GE
Butz et al.292011Top-level handball palyers20−15.2 ± 3.6%NANANAEchoPAC, GE
Cappelli et al.302010Endurance athletes50−18.4 ± 3.0%−18.6 ± 7.1% (base) −29.1 ± 11.3% (apex)40.8 ± 12.7% (base) 20.5 ± 14.2% (apex)15.2 ± 4.9°EchoPAC, GE
Galderisi et al.312010Top-level rowers22−22.2 ± 2.7%−17.7 ± 2.5 (global)47.6 ± 19.1% (global)9.2 ± 2.0°EchoPAC, GE
Simsek et al.322013Marathon runners22−22.3 ± 2.2% (global)NANANAEchoPAC, GE
Simsek et al.322013Wrestlers24−21.8 ± 1.7% (global)NANANAEchoPAC, GE
Weiner et al.34 (longitudinal study)2010University Rowers15−16.8 ± 2.1% (pre-training) −18.3 ± 2.8% (post-trainig)NANA14.1 ± 5.0° (pre-training) 18.0 ± 3.6° (post-training)EchoPAC, GE
AuthorYear of PublicationSports disciplinenLongitudinal strainCircumferential strainRadial strainTorsionSoftware
Richand et al.262007Professional soccer player29−15.0 ± 3.6% (base) −16.4 ± 3.0% (mid) −18.9 ± 4.0% (apex)NA in the overall populationNA in the overall populationNAEchoPAC, GE
Caselli et al.272014Olympic Athletes200−18.1 ± 2.2%NANANAQLab, Philips
Nottin et al.282008Elite cyclists1619.2 ± 1.9%−16.0 ± 3.5% (base) −18.1 ± 2.5% (apex)41.7 ± 11.9% (base) 42.7 ± 10.5% (apex)6.0 ± 1.8°EchoPAC, GE
Butz et al.292011Top-level handball palyers20−15.2 ± 3.6%NANANAEchoPAC, GE
Cappelli et al.302010Endurance athletes50−18.4 ± 3.0%−18.6 ± 7.1% (base) −29.1 ± 11.3% (apex)40.8 ± 12.7% (base) 20.5 ± 14.2% (apex)15.2 ± 4.9°EchoPAC, GE
Galderisi et al.312010Top-level rowers22−22.2 ± 2.7%−17.7 ± 2.5 (global)47.6 ± 19.1% (global)9.2 ± 2.0°EchoPAC, GE
Simsek et al.322013Marathon runners22−22.3 ± 2.2% (global)NANANAEchoPAC, GE
Simsek et al.322013Wrestlers24−21.8 ± 1.7% (global)NANANAEchoPAC, GE
Weiner et al.34 (longitudinal study)2010University Rowers15−16.8 ± 2.1% (pre-training) −18.3 ± 2.8% (post-trainig)NANA14.1 ± 5.0° (pre-training) 18.0 ± 3.6° (post-training)EchoPAC, GE
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