Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of Black South African participants.

SurvivorsNon-survivorsp
N922116
Age, years51.6 ± 10.356.3 ± 11.8<0.001
Sex, men, N (%)302 (32.7)63 (54.3)<0.001
Locality, urban, N (%)412 (44.7)65 (56.0)0.021
Body mass index, kg/m225.2 ± 7.0022.7 ± 6.73<0.001
Waist circumference, cm80.7 ± 13.079.1 ± 14.50.26
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg135 ± 24.1144 ± 28.4<0.001
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg88.3 ± 14.191.3 ± 16.10.033
Biochemical variables
 Insulin-like growth factor-1, ng/ml48.5 (6.5; 124)45.8 (7.20; 111)0.50
 IGFBP-3, ng/ml1353 (91.8; 5677)1431 (185; 5150)0.64
 Glucose, mmol/l4.92 (3.50; 7.10)4.74 (3.30; 6.70)0.12
 Glycated haemoglobin, %5.67 (4.90; 6.80)5.45 (4.50; 6.60)0.004
 Total cholesterol, mmol/l5.23 ± 1.344.78 ± 1.33<0.001
 HDL-cholesterol, mmol/l1.59 ± 0.621.56 ± 1.320.69
 Triglycerides, mmol/l1.17 (0.57; 2.77)1.08 (0.56; 2.35)0.079
 C-reactive protein, mg/l3.16 (0.25; 35.4)5.21 (0.43; 53.2)<0.001
 Interleukin-6, pg/ml2.80 (0.75; 17.1)5.24 (0.75; 33.9)<0.001
 γ-glutamyl transferase, U/l55.6 (19.9; 354)78.3 (21.0; 488)<0.001
 Creatinine clearance, ml/min94.2 (56.3; 168)83.6 (39.7; 152)0.002
 Urinary albumin–creatinine ratio0.29 (0.11; 1.07)0.33 (0.11; 1.10)0.20
 Physical activity index7.34 ± 1.876.41 ± 1.85<0.001
 Self-reported diabetes, N (%)12 (1.30)1 (0.86)0.76
 Self-reported tobacco use, N (%)487 (52.8)78 (67.2)0.003
 Self-reported alcohol use, N (%)377 (40.9)61 (52.6)0.016
 Anti-hypertensive medication, N (%)166 (18.0)30 (25.9)0.042
SurvivorsNon-survivorsp
N922116
Age, years51.6 ± 10.356.3 ± 11.8<0.001
Sex, men, N (%)302 (32.7)63 (54.3)<0.001
Locality, urban, N (%)412 (44.7)65 (56.0)0.021
Body mass index, kg/m225.2 ± 7.0022.7 ± 6.73<0.001
Waist circumference, cm80.7 ± 13.079.1 ± 14.50.26
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg135 ± 24.1144 ± 28.4<0.001
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg88.3 ± 14.191.3 ± 16.10.033
Biochemical variables
 Insulin-like growth factor-1, ng/ml48.5 (6.5; 124)45.8 (7.20; 111)0.50
 IGFBP-3, ng/ml1353 (91.8; 5677)1431 (185; 5150)0.64
 Glucose, mmol/l4.92 (3.50; 7.10)4.74 (3.30; 6.70)0.12
 Glycated haemoglobin, %5.67 (4.90; 6.80)5.45 (4.50; 6.60)0.004
 Total cholesterol, mmol/l5.23 ± 1.344.78 ± 1.33<0.001
 HDL-cholesterol, mmol/l1.59 ± 0.621.56 ± 1.320.69
 Triglycerides, mmol/l1.17 (0.57; 2.77)1.08 (0.56; 2.35)0.079
 C-reactive protein, mg/l3.16 (0.25; 35.4)5.21 (0.43; 53.2)<0.001
 Interleukin-6, pg/ml2.80 (0.75; 17.1)5.24 (0.75; 33.9)<0.001
 γ-glutamyl transferase, U/l55.6 (19.9; 354)78.3 (21.0; 488)<0.001
 Creatinine clearance, ml/min94.2 (56.3; 168)83.6 (39.7; 152)0.002
 Urinary albumin–creatinine ratio0.29 (0.11; 1.07)0.33 (0.11; 1.10)0.20
 Physical activity index7.34 ± 1.876.41 ± 1.85<0.001
 Self-reported diabetes, N (%)12 (1.30)1 (0.86)0.76
 Self-reported tobacco use, N (%)487 (52.8)78 (67.2)0.003
 Self-reported alcohol use, N (%)377 (40.9)61 (52.6)0.016
 Anti-hypertensive medication, N (%)166 (18.0)30 (25.9)0.042

Values are mean ± standard deviation or geometric mean (5th and 95th percentile intervals) for logarithmically transformed variables.

IGFBP-3: insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3; HDL: high-density lipoprotein

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of Black South African participants.

SurvivorsNon-survivorsp
N922116
Age, years51.6 ± 10.356.3 ± 11.8<0.001
Sex, men, N (%)302 (32.7)63 (54.3)<0.001
Locality, urban, N (%)412 (44.7)65 (56.0)0.021
Body mass index, kg/m225.2 ± 7.0022.7 ± 6.73<0.001
Waist circumference, cm80.7 ± 13.079.1 ± 14.50.26
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg135 ± 24.1144 ± 28.4<0.001
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg88.3 ± 14.191.3 ± 16.10.033
Biochemical variables
 Insulin-like growth factor-1, ng/ml48.5 (6.5; 124)45.8 (7.20; 111)0.50
 IGFBP-3, ng/ml1353 (91.8; 5677)1431 (185; 5150)0.64
 Glucose, mmol/l4.92 (3.50; 7.10)4.74 (3.30; 6.70)0.12
 Glycated haemoglobin, %5.67 (4.90; 6.80)5.45 (4.50; 6.60)0.004
 Total cholesterol, mmol/l5.23 ± 1.344.78 ± 1.33<0.001
 HDL-cholesterol, mmol/l1.59 ± 0.621.56 ± 1.320.69
 Triglycerides, mmol/l1.17 (0.57; 2.77)1.08 (0.56; 2.35)0.079
 C-reactive protein, mg/l3.16 (0.25; 35.4)5.21 (0.43; 53.2)<0.001
 Interleukin-6, pg/ml2.80 (0.75; 17.1)5.24 (0.75; 33.9)<0.001
 γ-glutamyl transferase, U/l55.6 (19.9; 354)78.3 (21.0; 488)<0.001
 Creatinine clearance, ml/min94.2 (56.3; 168)83.6 (39.7; 152)0.002
 Urinary albumin–creatinine ratio0.29 (0.11; 1.07)0.33 (0.11; 1.10)0.20
 Physical activity index7.34 ± 1.876.41 ± 1.85<0.001
 Self-reported diabetes, N (%)12 (1.30)1 (0.86)0.76
 Self-reported tobacco use, N (%)487 (52.8)78 (67.2)0.003
 Self-reported alcohol use, N (%)377 (40.9)61 (52.6)0.016
 Anti-hypertensive medication, N (%)166 (18.0)30 (25.9)0.042
SurvivorsNon-survivorsp
N922116
Age, years51.6 ± 10.356.3 ± 11.8<0.001
Sex, men, N (%)302 (32.7)63 (54.3)<0.001
Locality, urban, N (%)412 (44.7)65 (56.0)0.021
Body mass index, kg/m225.2 ± 7.0022.7 ± 6.73<0.001
Waist circumference, cm80.7 ± 13.079.1 ± 14.50.26
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg135 ± 24.1144 ± 28.4<0.001
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg88.3 ± 14.191.3 ± 16.10.033
Biochemical variables
 Insulin-like growth factor-1, ng/ml48.5 (6.5; 124)45.8 (7.20; 111)0.50
 IGFBP-3, ng/ml1353 (91.8; 5677)1431 (185; 5150)0.64
 Glucose, mmol/l4.92 (3.50; 7.10)4.74 (3.30; 6.70)0.12
 Glycated haemoglobin, %5.67 (4.90; 6.80)5.45 (4.50; 6.60)0.004
 Total cholesterol, mmol/l5.23 ± 1.344.78 ± 1.33<0.001
 HDL-cholesterol, mmol/l1.59 ± 0.621.56 ± 1.320.69
 Triglycerides, mmol/l1.17 (0.57; 2.77)1.08 (0.56; 2.35)0.079
 C-reactive protein, mg/l3.16 (0.25; 35.4)5.21 (0.43; 53.2)<0.001
 Interleukin-6, pg/ml2.80 (0.75; 17.1)5.24 (0.75; 33.9)<0.001
 γ-glutamyl transferase, U/l55.6 (19.9; 354)78.3 (21.0; 488)<0.001
 Creatinine clearance, ml/min94.2 (56.3; 168)83.6 (39.7; 152)0.002
 Urinary albumin–creatinine ratio0.29 (0.11; 1.07)0.33 (0.11; 1.10)0.20
 Physical activity index7.34 ± 1.876.41 ± 1.85<0.001
 Self-reported diabetes, N (%)12 (1.30)1 (0.86)0.76
 Self-reported tobacco use, N (%)487 (52.8)78 (67.2)0.003
 Self-reported alcohol use, N (%)377 (40.9)61 (52.6)0.016
 Anti-hypertensive medication, N (%)166 (18.0)30 (25.9)0.042

Values are mean ± standard deviation or geometric mean (5th and 95th percentile intervals) for logarithmically transformed variables.

IGFBP-3: insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3; HDL: high-density lipoprotein

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