Table 1. Open in new tab Study...

Variable	wTFA	iTFA	rTFA
Age, years	54.5 (50.0–59.8)	54.0 (48.0–61.0)	55.0 (48.8–58.0)
Gender, % male	20 (42)	14 (45)	21 (42)
Height, m	1.7 (1.6–1.8)	1.7 (1.6–1.8)	1.7 (1.7–1.8)
Weight, kg	72.3 (63.4–81.1)	71.3 (63.6–83.6)	72.4 (61.5–79.7)
BMI, kg/m²	24.4 (22.5–26.9)	25.0 (22.6–28.4)	25.0 (22.7–26.4)
Waist circumference, cm	89.0 (80.0–96.0)	90.0 (83.0–98.0)	86.0 (80.0–91.5)
Systolic BP, mmHg	119.0 (110.0–129.5)	118.0 (108.0–125.0)	119.0 (111.5–25.3)
Diastolic BP, mmHg	75.5 (70.0–80.0)	76.0 (70.0–84.0)	78.0 (73.5–80.5)
Insulin, mU/l	5.0 (3.5–6.2)	4.7 (3.4–6.7)	3.9 (2.9–5.6)
Glucose, mmol/l	4.9 (4.6–5.2)	5.1 (4.7–5.3)	4.9 (4.7–5.2)
Vascular function
BAD, baseline, mm	4.0 (3.5–4.8)	4.2 (3.7–4.9)	4.1 (3.7–4.5)
BAD, maximum, mm	4.3 (3.7–5.1)	4.3 (3.9–5.1)	4.2 (3.8–4.7)
Blood velocity, baseline, m/s	0.2 (0.2–0.3)	0.2 (0.1–0.3)	0.2 (0.2–0.3)
Time-to-peak diameter, s	46.9 (36.0–56.3)	53.0 (35.0–81.6)	47.1 (33.0–60.9)
Shear rate, 1/s	226.0 (146.3–311.8)	196.0 (144.0–273.0)	210.0 (147.0–278.0)
Shear rate AUC ttp, 1/s	32,360 (24,266–45,750)	31,017 (20,810–39,469)	29,640 (23,520–47,197)
FMD, %	4.3 (3.1–7.2)	4.7 (3.7–6.8)	5.0 (3.2–7.1)
NMD, %	15.5 (12.7–18.1)	13.4 (11.4–17.6)	14.9 (12.1–17.3)
FMD/NMD ratio	0.3 (0.2–0.5)	0.3 (0.3–0.5)	0.3 (0.2–0.5)

Variable

wTFA

iTFA

rTFA

N = 48

N = 31

N = 50

Age, years

54.5 (50.0–59.8)

54.0 (48.0–61.0)

55.0 (48.8–58.0)

Gender, % male

20 (42)

14 (45)

21 (42)

Height, m

1.7 (1.6–1.8)

1.7 (1.7–1.8)

Weight, kg

72.3 (63.4–81.1)

71.3 (63.6–83.6)

72.4 (61.5–79.7)

BMI, kg/m²

24.4 (22.5–26.9)

25.0 (22.6–28.4)

25.0 (22.7–26.4)

Waist circumference, cm

89.0 (80.0–96.0)

90.0 (83.0–98.0)

86.0 (80.0–91.5)

Systolic BP, mmHg

119.0 (110.0–129.5)

118.0 (108.0–125.0)

119.0 (111.5–25.3)

Diastolic BP, mmHg

75.5 (70.0–80.0)

76.0 (70.0–84.0)

78.0 (73.5–80.5)

Insulin, mU/l

5.0 (3.5–6.2)

4.7 (3.4–6.7)

3.9 (2.9–5.6)

Glucose, mmol/l

4.9 (4.6–5.2)

5.1 (4.7–5.3)

4.9 (4.7–5.2)

Vascular function

BAD, baseline, mm

4.0 (3.5–4.8)

4.2 (3.7–4.9)

4.1 (3.7–4.5)

BAD, maximum, mm

4.3 (3.7–5.1)

4.3 (3.9–5.1)

4.2 (3.8–4.7)

Blood velocity, baseline, m/s

0.2 (0.2–0.3)

0.2 (0.1–0.3)

0.2 (0.2–0.3)

Time-to-peak diameter, s

46.9 (36.0–56.3)

53.0 (35.0–81.6)

47.1 (33.0–60.9)

Shear rate, 1/s

226.0 (146.3–311.8)

196.0 (144.0–273.0)

210.0 (147.0–278.0)

Shear rate AUC ttp, 1/s

32,360 (24,266–45,750)

31,017 (20,810–39,469)

29,640 (23,520–47,197)

FMD, %

4.3 (3.1–7.2)

4.7 (3.7–6.8)

5.0 (3.2–7.1)

NMD, %

15.5 (12.7–18.1)

13.4 (11.4–17.6)

14.9 (12.1–17.3)

FMD/NMD ratio

0.3 (0.2–0.5)

0.3 (0.3–0.5)

0.3 (0.2–0.5)

Variable	wTFA	iTFA	rTFA
Age, years	54.5 (50.0–59.8)	54.0 (48.0–61.0)	55.0 (48.8–58.0)
Gender, % male	20 (42)	14 (45)	21 (42)
Height, m	1.7 (1.6–1.8)	1.7 (1.6–1.8)	1.7 (1.7–1.8)
Weight, kg	72.3 (63.4–81.1)	71.3 (63.6–83.6)	72.4 (61.5–79.7)
BMI, kg/m²	24.4 (22.5–26.9)	25.0 (22.6–28.4)	25.0 (22.7–26.4)
Waist circumference, cm	89.0 (80.0–96.0)	90.0 (83.0–98.0)	86.0 (80.0–91.5)
Systolic BP, mmHg	119.0 (110.0–129.5)	118.0 (108.0–125.0)	119.0 (111.5–25.3)
Diastolic BP, mmHg	75.5 (70.0–80.0)	76.0 (70.0–84.0)	78.0 (73.5–80.5)
Insulin, mU/l	5.0 (3.5–6.2)	4.7 (3.4–6.7)	3.9 (2.9–5.6)
Glucose, mmol/l	4.9 (4.6–5.2)	5.1 (4.7–5.3)	4.9 (4.7–5.2)
Vascular function
BAD, baseline, mm	4.0 (3.5–4.8)	4.2 (3.7–4.9)	4.1 (3.7–4.5)
BAD, maximum, mm	4.3 (3.7–5.1)	4.3 (3.9–5.1)	4.2 (3.8–4.7)
Blood velocity, baseline, m/s	0.2 (0.2–0.3)	0.2 (0.1–0.3)	0.2 (0.2–0.3)
Time-to-peak diameter, s	46.9 (36.0–56.3)	53.0 (35.0–81.6)	47.1 (33.0–60.9)
Shear rate, 1/s	226.0 (146.3–311.8)	196.0 (144.0–273.0)	210.0 (147.0–278.0)
Shear rate AUC ttp, 1/s	32,360 (24,266–45,750)	31,017 (20,810–39,469)	29,640 (23,520–47,197)
FMD, %	4.3 (3.1–7.2)	4.7 (3.7–6.8)	5.0 (3.2–7.1)
NMD, %	15.5 (12.7–18.1)	13.4 (11.4–17.6)	14.9 (12.1–17.3)
FMD/NMD ratio	0.3 (0.2–0.5)	0.3 (0.3–0.5)	0.3 (0.2–0.5)

Table 1.

Open in new tab

Study participants’ characteristics at baseline after the run-in phase.

Variable	wTFA	iTFA	rTFA
	N = 48	N = 31	N = 50
Age, years	54.5 (50.0–59.8)	54.0 (48.0–61.0)	55.0 (48.8–58.0)
Gender, % male	20 (42)	14 (45)	21 (42)
Height, m	1.7 (1.6–1.8)	1.7 (1.6–1.8)	1.7 (1.7–1.8)
Weight, kg	72.3 (63.4–81.1)	71.3 (63.6–83.6)	72.4 (61.5–79.7)
BMI, kg/m²	24.4 (22.5–26.9)	25.0 (22.6–28.4)	25.0 (22.7–26.4)
Waist circumference, cm	89.0 (80.0–96.0)	90.0 (83.0–98.0)	86.0 (80.0–91.5)
Systolic BP, mmHg	119.0 (110.0–129.5)	118.0 (108.0–125.0)	119.0 (111.5–25.3)
Diastolic BP, mmHg	75.5 (70.0–80.0)	76.0 (70.0–84.0)	78.0 (73.5–80.5)
Insulin, mU/l	5.0 (3.5–6.2)	4.7 (3.4–6.7)	3.9 (2.9–5.6)
Glucose, mmol/l	4.9 (4.6–5.2)	5.1 (4.7–5.3)	4.9 (4.7–5.2)
Vascular function
BAD, baseline, mm	4.0 (3.5–4.8)	4.2 (3.7–4.9)	4.1 (3.7–4.5)
BAD, maximum, mm	4.3 (3.7–5.1)	4.3 (3.9–5.1)	4.2 (3.8–4.7)
Blood velocity, baseline, m/s	0.2 (0.2–0.3)	0.2 (0.1–0.3)	0.2 (0.2–0.3)
Time-to-peak diameter, s	46.9 (36.0–56.3)	53.0 (35.0–81.6)	47.1 (33.0–60.9)
Shear rate, 1/s	226.0 (146.3–311.8)	196.0 (144.0–273.0)	210.0 (147.0–278.0)
Shear rate AUC ttp, 1/s	32,360 (24,266–45,750)	31,017 (20,810–39,469)	29,640 (23,520–47,197)
FMD, %	4.3 (3.1–7.2)	4.7 (3.7–6.8)	5.0 (3.2–7.1)
NMD, %	15.5 (12.7–18.1)	13.4 (11.4–17.6)	14.9 (12.1–17.3)
FMD/NMD ratio	0.3 (0.2–0.5)	0.3 (0.3–0.5)	0.3 (0.2–0.5)

Variable	wTFA	iTFA	rTFA
	N = 48	N = 31	N = 50
Age, years	54.5 (50.0–59.8)	54.0 (48.0–61.0)	55.0 (48.8–58.0)
Gender, % male	20 (42)	14 (45)	21 (42)
Height, m	1.7 (1.6–1.8)	1.7 (1.6–1.8)	1.7 (1.7–1.8)
Weight, kg	72.3 (63.4–81.1)	71.3 (63.6–83.6)	72.4 (61.5–79.7)
BMI, kg/m²	24.4 (22.5–26.9)	25.0 (22.6–28.4)	25.0 (22.7–26.4)
Waist circumference, cm	89.0 (80.0–96.0)	90.0 (83.0–98.0)	86.0 (80.0–91.5)
Systolic BP, mmHg	119.0 (110.0–129.5)	118.0 (108.0–125.0)	119.0 (111.5–25.3)
Diastolic BP, mmHg	75.5 (70.0–80.0)	76.0 (70.0–84.0)	78.0 (73.5–80.5)
Insulin, mU/l	5.0 (3.5–6.2)	4.7 (3.4–6.7)	3.9 (2.9–5.6)
Glucose, mmol/l	4.9 (4.6–5.2)	5.1 (4.7–5.3)	4.9 (4.7–5.2)
Vascular function
BAD, baseline, mm	4.0 (3.5–4.8)	4.2 (3.7–4.9)	4.1 (3.7–4.5)
BAD, maximum, mm	4.3 (3.7–5.1)	4.3 (3.9–5.1)	4.2 (3.8–4.7)
Blood velocity, baseline, m/s	0.2 (0.2–0.3)	0.2 (0.1–0.3)	0.2 (0.2–0.3)
Time-to-peak diameter, s	46.9 (36.0–56.3)	53.0 (35.0–81.6)	47.1 (33.0–60.9)
Shear rate, 1/s	226.0 (146.3–311.8)	196.0 (144.0–273.0)	210.0 (147.0–278.0)
Shear rate AUC ttp, 1/s	32,360 (24,266–45,750)	31,017 (20,810–39,469)	29,640 (23,520–47,197)
FMD, %	4.3 (3.1–7.2)	4.7 (3.7–6.8)	5.0 (3.2–7.1)
NMD, %	15.5 (12.7–18.1)	13.4 (11.4–17.6)	14.9 (12.1–17.3)
FMD/NMD ratio	0.3 (0.2–0.5)	0.3 (0.3–0.5)	0.3 (0.2–0.5)

Values are median (interquartile range) for continuous variables, and number (%) for count variables.

AUC ttp: area under the curve until peak vasodilation; BAD: brachial artery diameter; BMI: body mass index; BP: blood pressure; FMD: flow-mediated dilation; iTFA: diet enriched with industrial trans fatty acids; NMD: nitroglycerin-mediated dilation; rTFA: diet enriched with ruminant trans fatty acids; wTFA: diet without trans fatty acids

This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only