Baseline characteristics and competition performance of cyclists participating in the study (n = 97). Mean ± standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables; median (25–75 percentile) if markedly skewed distribution.
| Gender (male, %) . | 74 (76.3) . |
|---|---|
| Age (years) | 42.8 ± 9.6 |
| Height (cm) | 178 ± 8.0 |
| Weight (kg) | 81.6 (75.8–91.4) |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg) | |
| Systolic | 138 (129–152) |
| Diastolic | 77 (71–85) |
| Resting heart rate (bpm) | 63.0 (56–70) |
| Cardiovascular risk factors (n, %) | |
| Family history of CV disease (n, %) | 25 (26) |
| Hypertension (n, %) | 3 (3) |
| Hypercholesterolaemia (n, %) | 3 (3) |
| DM (n, %) | 1 (1) |
| Smoker (n, %) | |
| Never | 49 (51) |
| Stopped | 39 (40) |
| Current | 4 (4) |
| Baseline blood tests | |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.2 ± 0.27 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.9 (4.4–5.4) |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 3.2 ± 0.84 |
| eGFR (ml/min) | 94 ± 13.9 |
| ECG: left ventricular hypertrophy (n, %) | 29 (30) |
| Training history | |
| No. of training years | 5.0 (3–13.5) |
| No. of endurance competitions past 5 years | 7 (1–16) |
| Hours of training per week past 6 months | 6.5 (3.5–9) |
| North Sea Race 2013: | |
| Finishing time (h) | 4.2 (3.6–4.7) |
| Max heart rate (bpm) | 178 (173.5–187) |
| Max heart rate of expected max heart rate (%) | 97 (95–100) |
| Mean heart rate (bpm) | 158 (148.5–168) |
| Mean heart rate of expected max (%) | 86 (82–88) |
| Gender (male, %) . | 74 (76.3) . |
|---|---|
| Age (years) | 42.8 ± 9.6 |
| Height (cm) | 178 ± 8.0 |
| Weight (kg) | 81.6 (75.8–91.4) |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg) | |
| Systolic | 138 (129–152) |
| Diastolic | 77 (71–85) |
| Resting heart rate (bpm) | 63.0 (56–70) |
| Cardiovascular risk factors (n, %) | |
| Family history of CV disease (n, %) | 25 (26) |
| Hypertension (n, %) | 3 (3) |
| Hypercholesterolaemia (n, %) | 3 (3) |
| DM (n, %) | 1 (1) |
| Smoker (n, %) | |
| Never | 49 (51) |
| Stopped | 39 (40) |
| Current | 4 (4) |
| Baseline blood tests | |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.2 ± 0.27 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.9 (4.4–5.4) |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 3.2 ± 0.84 |
| eGFR (ml/min) | 94 ± 13.9 |
| ECG: left ventricular hypertrophy (n, %) | 29 (30) |
| Training history | |
| No. of training years | 5.0 (3–13.5) |
| No. of endurance competitions past 5 years | 7 (1–16) |
| Hours of training per week past 6 months | 6.5 (3.5–9) |
| North Sea Race 2013: | |
| Finishing time (h) | 4.2 (3.6–4.7) |
| Max heart rate (bpm) | 178 (173.5–187) |
| Max heart rate of expected max heart rate (%) | 97 (95–100) |
| Mean heart rate (bpm) | 158 (148.5–168) |
| Mean heart rate of expected max (%) | 86 (82–88) |
CV: Cardiovascular; DM: diabetes mellitus; HbA1c: Glycerated hemoglobin; ECG: electrocardiogram; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL: high density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein;
Baseline characteristics and competition performance of cyclists participating in the study (n = 97). Mean ± standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables; median (25–75 percentile) if markedly skewed distribution.
| Gender (male, %) . | 74 (76.3) . |
|---|---|
| Age (years) | 42.8 ± 9.6 |
| Height (cm) | 178 ± 8.0 |
| Weight (kg) | 81.6 (75.8–91.4) |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg) | |
| Systolic | 138 (129–152) |
| Diastolic | 77 (71–85) |
| Resting heart rate (bpm) | 63.0 (56–70) |
| Cardiovascular risk factors (n, %) | |
| Family history of CV disease (n, %) | 25 (26) |
| Hypertension (n, %) | 3 (3) |
| Hypercholesterolaemia (n, %) | 3 (3) |
| DM (n, %) | 1 (1) |
| Smoker (n, %) | |
| Never | 49 (51) |
| Stopped | 39 (40) |
| Current | 4 (4) |
| Baseline blood tests | |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.2 ± 0.27 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.9 (4.4–5.4) |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 3.2 ± 0.84 |
| eGFR (ml/min) | 94 ± 13.9 |
| ECG: left ventricular hypertrophy (n, %) | 29 (30) |
| Training history | |
| No. of training years | 5.0 (3–13.5) |
| No. of endurance competitions past 5 years | 7 (1–16) |
| Hours of training per week past 6 months | 6.5 (3.5–9) |
| North Sea Race 2013: | |
| Finishing time (h) | 4.2 (3.6–4.7) |
| Max heart rate (bpm) | 178 (173.5–187) |
| Max heart rate of expected max heart rate (%) | 97 (95–100) |
| Mean heart rate (bpm) | 158 (148.5–168) |
| Mean heart rate of expected max (%) | 86 (82–88) |
| Gender (male, %) . | 74 (76.3) . |
|---|---|
| Age (years) | 42.8 ± 9.6 |
| Height (cm) | 178 ± 8.0 |
| Weight (kg) | 81.6 (75.8–91.4) |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg) | |
| Systolic | 138 (129–152) |
| Diastolic | 77 (71–85) |
| Resting heart rate (bpm) | 63.0 (56–70) |
| Cardiovascular risk factors (n, %) | |
| Family history of CV disease (n, %) | 25 (26) |
| Hypertension (n, %) | 3 (3) |
| Hypercholesterolaemia (n, %) | 3 (3) |
| DM (n, %) | 1 (1) |
| Smoker (n, %) | |
| Never | 49 (51) |
| Stopped | 39 (40) |
| Current | 4 (4) |
| Baseline blood tests | |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.2 ± 0.27 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.9 (4.4–5.4) |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 3.2 ± 0.84 |
| eGFR (ml/min) | 94 ± 13.9 |
| ECG: left ventricular hypertrophy (n, %) | 29 (30) |
| Training history | |
| No. of training years | 5.0 (3–13.5) |
| No. of endurance competitions past 5 years | 7 (1–16) |
| Hours of training per week past 6 months | 6.5 (3.5–9) |
| North Sea Race 2013: | |
| Finishing time (h) | 4.2 (3.6–4.7) |
| Max heart rate (bpm) | 178 (173.5–187) |
| Max heart rate of expected max heart rate (%) | 97 (95–100) |
| Mean heart rate (bpm) | 158 (148.5–168) |
| Mean heart rate of expected max (%) | 86 (82–88) |
CV: Cardiovascular; DM: diabetes mellitus; HbA1c: Glycerated hemoglobin; ECG: electrocardiogram; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL: high density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein;
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