Table 1.
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Prevalence and risk of atrial fibrillation in former and current elite athletes.

Publication year, authorsStudy populationMen (n)Women (n)Age (years)Follow-up (years)AF diagnosisPA level/dosePrevalence (%) or RR (95% CI) of AF, athletes vs. control group
1998 Karjalainen et al.5Veteran orienteers vs. healthy controls, Finland262 athletes, 373 controls0Mean 47/4910Self- reportedHigh level for many yearsRR athletes vs. controls: OR 5.5 (1.3–24.4)
1998 Furlanello et al.13Young elite athletes, Italy122 athletes24 athletesMean 24Cross- sectionalECGElite athletesAthletes 9%
2005 Pelliccia et al.14Highly trained athletes of 38 different sports, Italy1298 athletes479 athletesMean 24Cross- sectionalECGHighly trained athletesAthletes < 1%
2008 Baldesberger et al.15Former professional cyclists vs. golfers, Switzerland62 athletes, 62 controls0Mean 6638ECGFormer professional cyclistsCyclists 10%, controls 0%, p = 0.03
2009 Bjørnstad et al.17Former elite athletes, Norway15 athletes15Mean 2415ECGFormer endurance elite athletes0, no control group
2012 van Buuren et al.16Former top-level handball players vs. healthy controls, Germany33 athletes, 24 controls0Mean 57Cross- sectionalECG>20 years with 18 h/weekFormer athletes 30%, controls 0%
Publication year, authorsStudy populationMen (n)Women (n)Age (years)Follow-up (years)AF diagnosisPA level/dosePrevalence (%) or RR (95% CI) of AF, athletes vs. control group
1998 Karjalainen et al.5Veteran orienteers vs. healthy controls, Finland262 athletes, 373 controls0Mean 47/4910Self- reportedHigh level for many yearsRR athletes vs. controls: OR 5.5 (1.3–24.4)
1998 Furlanello et al.13Young elite athletes, Italy122 athletes24 athletesMean 24Cross- sectionalECGElite athletesAthletes 9%
2005 Pelliccia et al.14Highly trained athletes of 38 different sports, Italy1298 athletes479 athletesMean 24Cross- sectionalECGHighly trained athletesAthletes < 1%
2008 Baldesberger et al.15Former professional cyclists vs. golfers, Switzerland62 athletes, 62 controls0Mean 6638ECGFormer professional cyclistsCyclists 10%, controls 0%, p = 0.03
2009 Bjørnstad et al.17Former elite athletes, Norway15 athletes15Mean 2415ECGFormer endurance elite athletes0, no control group
2012 van Buuren et al.16Former top-level handball players vs. healthy controls, Germany33 athletes, 24 controls0Mean 57Cross- sectionalECG>20 years with 18 h/weekFormer athletes 30%, controls 0%

AF: atrial fibrillation; PA: physical activity; RR: relative risk; CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio; ECG: electrocardiography.

Table 1.
Open in new tab

Prevalence and risk of atrial fibrillation in former and current elite athletes.

Publication year, authorsStudy populationMen (n)Women (n)Age (years)Follow-up (years)AF diagnosisPA level/dosePrevalence (%) or RR (95% CI) of AF, athletes vs. control group
1998 Karjalainen et al.5Veteran orienteers vs. healthy controls, Finland262 athletes, 373 controls0Mean 47/4910Self- reportedHigh level for many yearsRR athletes vs. controls: OR 5.5 (1.3–24.4)
1998 Furlanello et al.13Young elite athletes, Italy122 athletes24 athletesMean 24Cross- sectionalECGElite athletesAthletes 9%
2005 Pelliccia et al.14Highly trained athletes of 38 different sports, Italy1298 athletes479 athletesMean 24Cross- sectionalECGHighly trained athletesAthletes < 1%
2008 Baldesberger et al.15Former professional cyclists vs. golfers, Switzerland62 athletes, 62 controls0Mean 6638ECGFormer professional cyclistsCyclists 10%, controls 0%, p = 0.03
2009 Bjørnstad et al.17Former elite athletes, Norway15 athletes15Mean 2415ECGFormer endurance elite athletes0, no control group
2012 van Buuren et al.16Former top-level handball players vs. healthy controls, Germany33 athletes, 24 controls0Mean 57Cross- sectionalECG>20 years with 18 h/weekFormer athletes 30%, controls 0%
Publication year, authorsStudy populationMen (n)Women (n)Age (years)Follow-up (years)AF diagnosisPA level/dosePrevalence (%) or RR (95% CI) of AF, athletes vs. control group
1998 Karjalainen et al.5Veteran orienteers vs. healthy controls, Finland262 athletes, 373 controls0Mean 47/4910Self- reportedHigh level for many yearsRR athletes vs. controls: OR 5.5 (1.3–24.4)
1998 Furlanello et al.13Young elite athletes, Italy122 athletes24 athletesMean 24Cross- sectionalECGElite athletesAthletes 9%
2005 Pelliccia et al.14Highly trained athletes of 38 different sports, Italy1298 athletes479 athletesMean 24Cross- sectionalECGHighly trained athletesAthletes < 1%
2008 Baldesberger et al.15Former professional cyclists vs. golfers, Switzerland62 athletes, 62 controls0Mean 6638ECGFormer professional cyclistsCyclists 10%, controls 0%, p = 0.03
2009 Bjørnstad et al.17Former elite athletes, Norway15 athletes15Mean 2415ECGFormer endurance elite athletes0, no control group
2012 van Buuren et al.16Former top-level handball players vs. healthy controls, Germany33 athletes, 24 controls0Mean 57Cross- sectionalECG>20 years with 18 h/weekFormer athletes 30%, controls 0%

AF: atrial fibrillation; PA: physical activity; RR: relative risk; CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio; ECG: electrocardiography.

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