Table 2.
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Associations of ESRD with AGEs and dicarbonyls

CKD5-ND versus controlsa
CKD5-D versus controlsa
CKD5-D versus CKD5-NDa
BiomarkerModelRatio (95% CI)P-valueRatio (95% CI)P-valueRatio (95% CI)P-value
CMLfree18.10 (6.59–9.96)<0.00113.23 (10.55–16.60)<0.0011.63 (1.31–2.03)<0.001
27.95 (6.43–9.83)<0.00112.93 (10.04–16.67)<0.0011.63 (1.29–2.05)<0.001
CMLprotein-bound12.50 (2.18–2.86)<0.0013.14 (2.71–3.64)<0.0011.26 (1.09–1.45)0.002
22.47 (2.15–2.83)<0.0013.05 (2.59–3.59)<0.0011.24 (1.06–1.43)0.006
CELfree18.44 (6.73–10.58)<0.00115.01 (11.71–19.25)<0.0011.78 (1.40–2.26)<0.001
28.26 (6.55–10.41)<0.00114.66 (11.11–19.35)<0.0011.78 (1.38–2.29)<0.001
CELprotein-bound11.16 (0.99–1.36)0.0641.24 (1.04–1.50)0.0161.07 (0.90–1.26)0.440
21.13 (0.96–1.32)0.1321.18 (0.98–1.43)0.0801.05 (0.88–1.25)0.588
MG-H1free110.20 (7.92–13.14)<0.00116.62 (12.59–21.95)<0.0011.63 (1.25–2.13)<0.001
29.96 (7.68–12.92)<0.00116.27 (11.93–22.19)<0.0011.63 (1.23–2.17)<0.001
MG-H1protein-bound11.64 (1.46–1.83)<0.0011.69 (1.50–1.92)<0.0011.03 (0.92–1.17)0.568
21.65 (1.46–1.85)<0.0011.71 (1.49–1.97)<0.0011.04 (0.92–1.18)0.519
GO12.39 (2.04–2.79)<0.0013.25 (2.75–3.84)<0.0011.36 (1.16–1.60)<0.001
22.27 (1.96–2.64)<0.0012.84 (2.37–3.39)<0.0011.25 (1.06–1.47)0.009
MGO12.98 (2.61–3.40)<0.0013.35 (2.90–3.87)<0.0011.12 (0.98–1.29)0.102
22.92 (2.56–3.35)<0.0013.24 (2.76–3.80)<0.0011.11 (0.95–1.28)0.179
3-DG11.42 (1.24–1.62)<0.0011.40 (1.22–1.62)<0.0010.99 (0.86–1.14)0.890
21.35 (1.20–1.51)<0.0011.19 (1.04–1.37)0.0120.89 (0.78–1.01)0.061
SAF11.36 (1.25–1.48)<0.0011.46 (1.33–1.61)<0.0011.08 (0.98–1.19)0.117
21.34 (1.24–1.45)<0.0011.47 (1.34–1.63)<0.0011.10 (1.00–1.21)0.040
CKD5-ND versus controlsa
CKD5-D versus controlsa
CKD5-D versus CKD5-NDa
BiomarkerModelRatio (95% CI)P-valueRatio (95% CI)P-valueRatio (95% CI)P-value
CMLfree18.10 (6.59–9.96)<0.00113.23 (10.55–16.60)<0.0011.63 (1.31–2.03)<0.001
27.95 (6.43–9.83)<0.00112.93 (10.04–16.67)<0.0011.63 (1.29–2.05)<0.001
CMLprotein-bound12.50 (2.18–2.86)<0.0013.14 (2.71–3.64)<0.0011.26 (1.09–1.45)0.002
22.47 (2.15–2.83)<0.0013.05 (2.59–3.59)<0.0011.24 (1.06–1.43)0.006
CELfree18.44 (6.73–10.58)<0.00115.01 (11.71–19.25)<0.0011.78 (1.40–2.26)<0.001
28.26 (6.55–10.41)<0.00114.66 (11.11–19.35)<0.0011.78 (1.38–2.29)<0.001
CELprotein-bound11.16 (0.99–1.36)0.0641.24 (1.04–1.50)0.0161.07 (0.90–1.26)0.440
21.13 (0.96–1.32)0.1321.18 (0.98–1.43)0.0801.05 (0.88–1.25)0.588
MG-H1free110.20 (7.92–13.14)<0.00116.62 (12.59–21.95)<0.0011.63 (1.25–2.13)<0.001
29.96 (7.68–12.92)<0.00116.27 (11.93–22.19)<0.0011.63 (1.23–2.17)<0.001
MG-H1protein-bound11.64 (1.46–1.83)<0.0011.69 (1.50–1.92)<0.0011.03 (0.92–1.17)0.568
21.65 (1.46–1.85)<0.0011.71 (1.49–1.97)<0.0011.04 (0.92–1.18)0.519
GO12.39 (2.04–2.79)<0.0013.25 (2.75–3.84)<0.0011.36 (1.16–1.60)<0.001
22.27 (1.96–2.64)<0.0012.84 (2.37–3.39)<0.0011.25 (1.06–1.47)0.009
MGO12.98 (2.61–3.40)<0.0013.35 (2.90–3.87)<0.0011.12 (0.98–1.29)0.102
22.92 (2.56–3.35)<0.0013.24 (2.76–3.80)<0.0011.11 (0.95–1.28)0.179
3-DG11.42 (1.24–1.62)<0.0011.40 (1.22–1.62)<0.0010.99 (0.86–1.14)0.890
21.35 (1.20–1.51)<0.0011.19 (1.04–1.37)0.0120.89 (0.78–1.01)0.061
SAF11.36 (1.25–1.48)<0.0011.46 (1.33–1.61)<0.0011.08 (0.98–1.19)0.117
21.34 (1.24–1.45)<0.0011.47 (1.34–1.63)<0.0011.10 (1.00–1.21)0.040

Ratios represent the ratio of (geometric mean) levels of the biomarkers in the respective ESRD group relative to controls and relative to individuals with CKD5-ND.

Model 1: unadjusted; Model 2: adjusted for age, sex and diabetes mellitus.

a

Analyses based on (controls/CKD5-ND/CKD5-D): n = 40/48/33 for serum AGEs, n = 40/44/33 for dicarbonyls and n = 42/47/27 for SAF.

Table 2.
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Associations of ESRD with AGEs and dicarbonyls

CKD5-ND versus controlsa
CKD5-D versus controlsa
CKD5-D versus CKD5-NDa
BiomarkerModelRatio (95% CI)P-valueRatio (95% CI)P-valueRatio (95% CI)P-value
CMLfree18.10 (6.59–9.96)<0.00113.23 (10.55–16.60)<0.0011.63 (1.31–2.03)<0.001
27.95 (6.43–9.83)<0.00112.93 (10.04–16.67)<0.0011.63 (1.29–2.05)<0.001
CMLprotein-bound12.50 (2.18–2.86)<0.0013.14 (2.71–3.64)<0.0011.26 (1.09–1.45)0.002
22.47 (2.15–2.83)<0.0013.05 (2.59–3.59)<0.0011.24 (1.06–1.43)0.006
CELfree18.44 (6.73–10.58)<0.00115.01 (11.71–19.25)<0.0011.78 (1.40–2.26)<0.001
28.26 (6.55–10.41)<0.00114.66 (11.11–19.35)<0.0011.78 (1.38–2.29)<0.001
CELprotein-bound11.16 (0.99–1.36)0.0641.24 (1.04–1.50)0.0161.07 (0.90–1.26)0.440
21.13 (0.96–1.32)0.1321.18 (0.98–1.43)0.0801.05 (0.88–1.25)0.588
MG-H1free110.20 (7.92–13.14)<0.00116.62 (12.59–21.95)<0.0011.63 (1.25–2.13)<0.001
29.96 (7.68–12.92)<0.00116.27 (11.93–22.19)<0.0011.63 (1.23–2.17)<0.001
MG-H1protein-bound11.64 (1.46–1.83)<0.0011.69 (1.50–1.92)<0.0011.03 (0.92–1.17)0.568
21.65 (1.46–1.85)<0.0011.71 (1.49–1.97)<0.0011.04 (0.92–1.18)0.519
GO12.39 (2.04–2.79)<0.0013.25 (2.75–3.84)<0.0011.36 (1.16–1.60)<0.001
22.27 (1.96–2.64)<0.0012.84 (2.37–3.39)<0.0011.25 (1.06–1.47)0.009
MGO12.98 (2.61–3.40)<0.0013.35 (2.90–3.87)<0.0011.12 (0.98–1.29)0.102
22.92 (2.56–3.35)<0.0013.24 (2.76–3.80)<0.0011.11 (0.95–1.28)0.179
3-DG11.42 (1.24–1.62)<0.0011.40 (1.22–1.62)<0.0010.99 (0.86–1.14)0.890
21.35 (1.20–1.51)<0.0011.19 (1.04–1.37)0.0120.89 (0.78–1.01)0.061
SAF11.36 (1.25–1.48)<0.0011.46 (1.33–1.61)<0.0011.08 (0.98–1.19)0.117
21.34 (1.24–1.45)<0.0011.47 (1.34–1.63)<0.0011.10 (1.00–1.21)0.040
CKD5-ND versus controlsa
CKD5-D versus controlsa
CKD5-D versus CKD5-NDa
BiomarkerModelRatio (95% CI)P-valueRatio (95% CI)P-valueRatio (95% CI)P-value
CMLfree18.10 (6.59–9.96)<0.00113.23 (10.55–16.60)<0.0011.63 (1.31–2.03)<0.001
27.95 (6.43–9.83)<0.00112.93 (10.04–16.67)<0.0011.63 (1.29–2.05)<0.001
CMLprotein-bound12.50 (2.18–2.86)<0.0013.14 (2.71–3.64)<0.0011.26 (1.09–1.45)0.002
22.47 (2.15–2.83)<0.0013.05 (2.59–3.59)<0.0011.24 (1.06–1.43)0.006
CELfree18.44 (6.73–10.58)<0.00115.01 (11.71–19.25)<0.0011.78 (1.40–2.26)<0.001
28.26 (6.55–10.41)<0.00114.66 (11.11–19.35)<0.0011.78 (1.38–2.29)<0.001
CELprotein-bound11.16 (0.99–1.36)0.0641.24 (1.04–1.50)0.0161.07 (0.90–1.26)0.440
21.13 (0.96–1.32)0.1321.18 (0.98–1.43)0.0801.05 (0.88–1.25)0.588
MG-H1free110.20 (7.92–13.14)<0.00116.62 (12.59–21.95)<0.0011.63 (1.25–2.13)<0.001
29.96 (7.68–12.92)<0.00116.27 (11.93–22.19)<0.0011.63 (1.23–2.17)<0.001
MG-H1protein-bound11.64 (1.46–1.83)<0.0011.69 (1.50–1.92)<0.0011.03 (0.92–1.17)0.568
21.65 (1.46–1.85)<0.0011.71 (1.49–1.97)<0.0011.04 (0.92–1.18)0.519
GO12.39 (2.04–2.79)<0.0013.25 (2.75–3.84)<0.0011.36 (1.16–1.60)<0.001
22.27 (1.96–2.64)<0.0012.84 (2.37–3.39)<0.0011.25 (1.06–1.47)0.009
MGO12.98 (2.61–3.40)<0.0013.35 (2.90–3.87)<0.0011.12 (0.98–1.29)0.102
22.92 (2.56–3.35)<0.0013.24 (2.76–3.80)<0.0011.11 (0.95–1.28)0.179
3-DG11.42 (1.24–1.62)<0.0011.40 (1.22–1.62)<0.0010.99 (0.86–1.14)0.890
21.35 (1.20–1.51)<0.0011.19 (1.04–1.37)0.0120.89 (0.78–1.01)0.061
SAF11.36 (1.25–1.48)<0.0011.46 (1.33–1.61)<0.0011.08 (0.98–1.19)0.117
21.34 (1.24–1.45)<0.0011.47 (1.34–1.63)<0.0011.10 (1.00–1.21)0.040

Ratios represent the ratio of (geometric mean) levels of the biomarkers in the respective ESRD group relative to controls and relative to individuals with CKD5-ND.

Model 1: unadjusted; Model 2: adjusted for age, sex and diabetes mellitus.

a

Analyses based on (controls/CKD5-ND/CKD5-D): n = 40/48/33 for serum AGEs, n = 40/44/33 for dicarbonyls and n = 42/47/27 for SAF.

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