The 10 most common bird species in the Atlantic Forest (according to their frequency of occurrence) sampled with 3 different methods (mist nets, point counts, line transects) and some of their morphological (body mass), and ecological features (sensitivity to habitat disturbance, forest dependence, and predominant diet). Species that are most common by all 3 methods are in bold and underlined, whereas those common in any of 2 methods are underlined only. Frequency data based on Hasui et al. (2018).
| Order . | Family . | Species . | Frequency of occurrence a . | Body mass (g) b . | Sensitivity to habitat disturbance c . | Forest dependence d . | Predominant diet b . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mist nets | |||||||
| Passeriformes | Parulidae | Basileuterus culicivorus | 0.84 | 10.5 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Platyrinchus mystaceus | 0.69 | 9.7 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Conopophagidae | Conopophaga lineata | 0.65 | 25.2 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Thraupidae | Trichothraupis melanops | 0.65 | 22.6 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Pipridae | Chiroxiphia caudata | 0.63 | 25.6 | Low | Dependent | Frugivore |
| Passeriformes | Thamnophilidae | Dysithamnus mentalis | 0.60 | 14.9 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Leptopogon amaurocephalus | 0.57 | 11.7 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Furnariidae | Sittasomus griseicapillus | 0.57 | 13.1 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Turdidae | Turdus albicollis | 0.56 | 54.0 | Medium | Dependent | Frugivore |
| Passeriformes | Thamnophilidae | Pyriglena leucoptera | 0.54 | 28.8 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Point counts | |||||||
| Passeriformes | Vireonidae | Cyclarhis gujanensis | 0.84 | 28.8 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Parulidae | Basileuterus culicivorus | 0.83 | 10.5 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Camptostoma obsoletum | 0.75 | 8.1 | Low | Independent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Thamnophilidae | Thamnophilus caerulescens | 0.74 | 21.1 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Lathrotriccus euleri | 0.71 | 11.3 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Columbiformes | Columbidae | Patagioenas picazuro | 0.71 | 279.0 | Medium | Semi-dependent | Granivore |
| Cuculiformes | Cuculidae | Piaya cayana | 0.69 | 102.0 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Vireonidae | Vireo chivi | 0.68 | 16.1 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Pitangus sulphuratus | 0.67 | 62.9 | Low | Independent | Omnivore |
| Passeriformes | Conopophagidae | Conopophaga lineata | 0.66 | 25.2 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Line transects | |||||||
| Passeriformes | Vireonidae | Cyclarhis gujanensis | 0.95 | 28.8 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Turdidae | Turdus leucomelas | 0.83 | 69.1 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Columbiformes | Columbidae | Leptotila verreuaxi | 0.80 | 146.9 | Low | Semi-dependent | Granivore |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Megarynchus pitangua | 0.72 | 69.9 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Camptostoma obsoletum | 0.70 | 8.1 | Low | Independent | Invertebrate |
| Columbiformes | Columbidae | Patagioenas picazuro | 0.70 | 279.0 | Medium | Semi-dependent | Granivore |
| Passeriformes | Parulidae | Basileuterus culicivorus | 0.69 | 10.5 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Cuculiformes | Cuculidae | Piaya cayana | 0.69 | 102.0 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Tyrannus melancholicus | 0.69 | 37.4 | Low | Independent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Pitangus sulphuratus | 0.66 | 62.9 | Low | Independent | Omnivore |
| Order . | Family . | Species . | Frequency of occurrence a . | Body mass (g) b . | Sensitivity to habitat disturbance c . | Forest dependence d . | Predominant diet b . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mist nets | |||||||
| Passeriformes | Parulidae | Basileuterus culicivorus | 0.84 | 10.5 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Platyrinchus mystaceus | 0.69 | 9.7 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Conopophagidae | Conopophaga lineata | 0.65 | 25.2 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Thraupidae | Trichothraupis melanops | 0.65 | 22.6 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Pipridae | Chiroxiphia caudata | 0.63 | 25.6 | Low | Dependent | Frugivore |
| Passeriformes | Thamnophilidae | Dysithamnus mentalis | 0.60 | 14.9 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Leptopogon amaurocephalus | 0.57 | 11.7 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Furnariidae | Sittasomus griseicapillus | 0.57 | 13.1 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Turdidae | Turdus albicollis | 0.56 | 54.0 | Medium | Dependent | Frugivore |
| Passeriformes | Thamnophilidae | Pyriglena leucoptera | 0.54 | 28.8 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Point counts | |||||||
| Passeriformes | Vireonidae | Cyclarhis gujanensis | 0.84 | 28.8 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Parulidae | Basileuterus culicivorus | 0.83 | 10.5 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Camptostoma obsoletum | 0.75 | 8.1 | Low | Independent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Thamnophilidae | Thamnophilus caerulescens | 0.74 | 21.1 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Lathrotriccus euleri | 0.71 | 11.3 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Columbiformes | Columbidae | Patagioenas picazuro | 0.71 | 279.0 | Medium | Semi-dependent | Granivore |
| Cuculiformes | Cuculidae | Piaya cayana | 0.69 | 102.0 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Vireonidae | Vireo chivi | 0.68 | 16.1 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Pitangus sulphuratus | 0.67 | 62.9 | Low | Independent | Omnivore |
| Passeriformes | Conopophagidae | Conopophaga lineata | 0.66 | 25.2 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Line transects | |||||||
| Passeriformes | Vireonidae | Cyclarhis gujanensis | 0.95 | 28.8 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Turdidae | Turdus leucomelas | 0.83 | 69.1 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Columbiformes | Columbidae | Leptotila verreuaxi | 0.80 | 146.9 | Low | Semi-dependent | Granivore |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Megarynchus pitangua | 0.72 | 69.9 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Camptostoma obsoletum | 0.70 | 8.1 | Low | Independent | Invertebrate |
| Columbiformes | Columbidae | Patagioenas picazuro | 0.70 | 279.0 | Medium | Semi-dependent | Granivore |
| Passeriformes | Parulidae | Basileuterus culicivorus | 0.69 | 10.5 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Cuculiformes | Cuculidae | Piaya cayana | 0.69 | 102.0 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Tyrannus melancholicus | 0.69 | 37.4 | Low | Independent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Pitangus sulphuratus | 0.66 | 62.9 | Low | Independent | Omnivore |
a Frequency of occurrence calculated as the ratio of the number of sites where each species occurred by the total number of sites sampled with mist nets (n = 181), point counts (n = 312), and line transects (n = 79).
b Body mass and predominant diet from Wilman et al. (2014), with modifications by the author in the last parameter.
c According to Stotz et al. (1996), with modifications by the author.
d According to Silva (1995), with modifications by the author. Dependent species are found mainly in forest habitats; semi-dependent species occur in forest but are also found frequently in open habitats, usually with scattered trees; whereas independent species occur mostly in open vegetation like pastures and urban areas.
The 10 most common bird species in the Atlantic Forest (according to their frequency of occurrence) sampled with 3 different methods (mist nets, point counts, line transects) and some of their morphological (body mass), and ecological features (sensitivity to habitat disturbance, forest dependence, and predominant diet). Species that are most common by all 3 methods are in bold and underlined, whereas those common in any of 2 methods are underlined only. Frequency data based on Hasui et al. (2018).
| Order . | Family . | Species . | Frequency of occurrence a . | Body mass (g) b . | Sensitivity to habitat disturbance c . | Forest dependence d . | Predominant diet b . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mist nets | |||||||
| Passeriformes | Parulidae | Basileuterus culicivorus | 0.84 | 10.5 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Platyrinchus mystaceus | 0.69 | 9.7 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Conopophagidae | Conopophaga lineata | 0.65 | 25.2 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Thraupidae | Trichothraupis melanops | 0.65 | 22.6 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Pipridae | Chiroxiphia caudata | 0.63 | 25.6 | Low | Dependent | Frugivore |
| Passeriformes | Thamnophilidae | Dysithamnus mentalis | 0.60 | 14.9 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Leptopogon amaurocephalus | 0.57 | 11.7 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Furnariidae | Sittasomus griseicapillus | 0.57 | 13.1 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Turdidae | Turdus albicollis | 0.56 | 54.0 | Medium | Dependent | Frugivore |
| Passeriformes | Thamnophilidae | Pyriglena leucoptera | 0.54 | 28.8 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Point counts | |||||||
| Passeriformes | Vireonidae | Cyclarhis gujanensis | 0.84 | 28.8 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Parulidae | Basileuterus culicivorus | 0.83 | 10.5 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Camptostoma obsoletum | 0.75 | 8.1 | Low | Independent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Thamnophilidae | Thamnophilus caerulescens | 0.74 | 21.1 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Lathrotriccus euleri | 0.71 | 11.3 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Columbiformes | Columbidae | Patagioenas picazuro | 0.71 | 279.0 | Medium | Semi-dependent | Granivore |
| Cuculiformes | Cuculidae | Piaya cayana | 0.69 | 102.0 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Vireonidae | Vireo chivi | 0.68 | 16.1 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Pitangus sulphuratus | 0.67 | 62.9 | Low | Independent | Omnivore |
| Passeriformes | Conopophagidae | Conopophaga lineata | 0.66 | 25.2 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Line transects | |||||||
| Passeriformes | Vireonidae | Cyclarhis gujanensis | 0.95 | 28.8 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Turdidae | Turdus leucomelas | 0.83 | 69.1 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Columbiformes | Columbidae | Leptotila verreuaxi | 0.80 | 146.9 | Low | Semi-dependent | Granivore |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Megarynchus pitangua | 0.72 | 69.9 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Camptostoma obsoletum | 0.70 | 8.1 | Low | Independent | Invertebrate |
| Columbiformes | Columbidae | Patagioenas picazuro | 0.70 | 279.0 | Medium | Semi-dependent | Granivore |
| Passeriformes | Parulidae | Basileuterus culicivorus | 0.69 | 10.5 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Cuculiformes | Cuculidae | Piaya cayana | 0.69 | 102.0 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Tyrannus melancholicus | 0.69 | 37.4 | Low | Independent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Pitangus sulphuratus | 0.66 | 62.9 | Low | Independent | Omnivore |
| Order . | Family . | Species . | Frequency of occurrence a . | Body mass (g) b . | Sensitivity to habitat disturbance c . | Forest dependence d . | Predominant diet b . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mist nets | |||||||
| Passeriformes | Parulidae | Basileuterus culicivorus | 0.84 | 10.5 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Platyrinchus mystaceus | 0.69 | 9.7 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Conopophagidae | Conopophaga lineata | 0.65 | 25.2 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Thraupidae | Trichothraupis melanops | 0.65 | 22.6 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Pipridae | Chiroxiphia caudata | 0.63 | 25.6 | Low | Dependent | Frugivore |
| Passeriformes | Thamnophilidae | Dysithamnus mentalis | 0.60 | 14.9 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Leptopogon amaurocephalus | 0.57 | 11.7 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Furnariidae | Sittasomus griseicapillus | 0.57 | 13.1 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Turdidae | Turdus albicollis | 0.56 | 54.0 | Medium | Dependent | Frugivore |
| Passeriformes | Thamnophilidae | Pyriglena leucoptera | 0.54 | 28.8 | Medium | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Point counts | |||||||
| Passeriformes | Vireonidae | Cyclarhis gujanensis | 0.84 | 28.8 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Parulidae | Basileuterus culicivorus | 0.83 | 10.5 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Camptostoma obsoletum | 0.75 | 8.1 | Low | Independent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Thamnophilidae | Thamnophilus caerulescens | 0.74 | 21.1 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Lathrotriccus euleri | 0.71 | 11.3 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Columbiformes | Columbidae | Patagioenas picazuro | 0.71 | 279.0 | Medium | Semi-dependent | Granivore |
| Cuculiformes | Cuculidae | Piaya cayana | 0.69 | 102.0 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Vireonidae | Vireo chivi | 0.68 | 16.1 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Pitangus sulphuratus | 0.67 | 62.9 | Low | Independent | Omnivore |
| Passeriformes | Conopophagidae | Conopophaga lineata | 0.66 | 25.2 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Line transects | |||||||
| Passeriformes | Vireonidae | Cyclarhis gujanensis | 0.95 | 28.8 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Turdidae | Turdus leucomelas | 0.83 | 69.1 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Columbiformes | Columbidae | Leptotila verreuaxi | 0.80 | 146.9 | Low | Semi-dependent | Granivore |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Megarynchus pitangua | 0.72 | 69.9 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Camptostoma obsoletum | 0.70 | 8.1 | Low | Independent | Invertebrate |
| Columbiformes | Columbidae | Patagioenas picazuro | 0.70 | 279.0 | Medium | Semi-dependent | Granivore |
| Passeriformes | Parulidae | Basileuterus culicivorus | 0.69 | 10.5 | Low | Dependent | Invertebrate |
| Cuculiformes | Cuculidae | Piaya cayana | 0.69 | 102.0 | Low | Semi-dependent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Tyrannus melancholicus | 0.69 | 37.4 | Low | Independent | Invertebrate |
| Passeriformes | Tyrannidae | Pitangus sulphuratus | 0.66 | 62.9 | Low | Independent | Omnivore |
a Frequency of occurrence calculated as the ratio of the number of sites where each species occurred by the total number of sites sampled with mist nets (n = 181), point counts (n = 312), and line transects (n = 79).
b Body mass and predominant diet from Wilman et al. (2014), with modifications by the author in the last parameter.
c According to Stotz et al. (1996), with modifications by the author.
d According to Silva (1995), with modifications by the author. Dependent species are found mainly in forest habitats; semi-dependent species occur in forest but are also found frequently in open habitats, usually with scattered trees; whereas independent species occur mostly in open vegetation like pastures and urban areas.
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