Prevalence of Resistance Phenotypes and Virulence Traits in Relation to Sequence Type 131 (ST131) Status Within Each Resistance Category Among 360 Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates
| Category . | Specific Trait a . | ESC-RS:Trait prevalence, No. (Column %)b . | P Valuec . | FQ-R: Trait Prevalence, No. (Column %)b . | P Valuec . | FQ-S: Trait Prevalence, No. (Column %)b . | P Valuec . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-ST131 n = 60 . | ST131 n = 60 . | Non-ST131 n = 30 . | ST131 n = 90 . | Non-ST131 n = 111 . | ST131 n = 9 . | |||||
| Resistance | Amp-sulbactam | 59 (98) | 53 (88) | .03 | 22 (73) | 74 (82) | .29 | 35 (32) | 8 (89) | .001 |
| Cefotaxime | 52 (87) | 58 (97) | .048 | 1 (3) | 1 (1) | .44 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| Ceftriaxone | 47 (78) | 57 (95) | .007 | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | .08 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| Gentamicin | 16 (27) | 23 (38) | .17 | 7 (23) | 22 (24) | .90 | 2 (2) | 4 (44) | < .001 | |
| Ciprofloxacin | 35 (58) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 30 (100) | 90 (100) | NA | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| MDR (≥ 3 classes) | 38 (63) | 55 (92) | < .001 | 12 (40) | 35 (39) | .54 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| Adhesins | papAH/C/EG/G | 9 (15) | 17 (28) | .06 | 7 (23) | 1 (1) | < .001 | 45 (41) | 1 (11) | .08 |
| papG allele II | 5 (8) | 17 (28) | .004 | 7 (23) | 1 (1) | < .001 | 35 (32) | 1 (11) | .28 | |
| papG allele III | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .006 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | 14 (13) | 0 (0) | .31 | |
| sfa/focDE | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .006 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | 32 (29) | 1 (11) | .23 | |
| afa/draBC | 1 (2) | 12 (20) | .001 | 2 (6) | 1 (1) | .15 | 5 (5) | 4 (44) | .002 | |
| iha | 10 (17) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 15 (50) | 86 (96) | < .001 | 29 (26) | 7 (78) | .003 | |
| Toxins | hlyF | 5 (8) | 0 (0) | .06 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 12 (11) | 0 (0) | .60 |
| sat | 9 (15) | 56 (93) | < .001 | 16 (53) | 85 (94) | < .001 | 27 (24) | 6 (67) | .01 | |
| vat | 13 (21) | 2 (3) | .004 | 9 (30) | 0 (0) | < .001 | 75 (68) | 0 (0) | < .001 | |
| Siderophores | iroN | 11 (18) | 0 (0) | .001 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 44 (40) | 1 (11) | .15 |
| fyuA | 41 (68) | 60 (100) | < .001 | 21 (70) | 90 (100) | < .001 | 95 (86) | 9 (100) | .60 | |
| iutA | 30 (50) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 21 (70) | 86 (96) | < .001 | 41 (37) | 7 (78) | .03 | |
| Protectins | kpsM II | 25 (42) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 22 (73) | 57 (63) | .38 | 79 (72) | 9 (100) | .11 |
| kpsMT III | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .01 | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | .25 | 4 (4) | 0 (0) | 1.0 | |
| K1 | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .01 | 8 (27) | 0 (0) | < .001 | 39 (35) | 0 (0) | .03 | |
| K5 | 2 (3) | 16 (27) | .001 | 0 (0) | 36 (40) | < .001 | 10 (9) | 2 (22) | .22 | |
| K2/K100 | 4 (7) | 27 (45) | < .001 | 4 (13) | 5 (6) | .23 | 3 (3) | 5 (56) | < .001 | |
| iss | 4 (7) | 0 (0) | .12 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 13 (12) | 0 (0) | .60 | |
| traT | 44 (73) | 52 (87) | .11 | 9 (30) | 76 (84) | < .001 | 78 (70) | 9 (100) | .06 | |
| Miscellaneous | usp | 13 (22) | 60 (100) | < .001 | 12 (40) | 90 (100) | < .001 | 76 (69) | 9 (100) | .06 |
| ibeA | 3 (5) | 0 (0) | .24 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 27 (24) | 3 (33) | .69 | |
| ompT | 24 (40) | 58 (97) | < .001 | 16 (53) | 87 (97) | < .001 | 86 (77) | 9 (100) | .20 | |
| malX | 28 (53) | 60 (100) | < .001 | 14 (47) | 90 (100) | < .001 | 64 (58) | 9 (100) | .01 | |
| clbB/N | 12 (20) | 0 (0) | < .001 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | 66 (33) | 0 (0) | .004 | |
| ExPEC | 23 (38) | 56 (93) | < .001 | 18 (60) | 57 (63) | .83 | 68 (61) | 9 (100) | .03 | |
| Category . | Specific Trait a . | ESC-RS:Trait prevalence, No. (Column %)b . | P Valuec . | FQ-R: Trait Prevalence, No. (Column %)b . | P Valuec . | FQ-S: Trait Prevalence, No. (Column %)b . | P Valuec . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-ST131 n = 60 . | ST131 n = 60 . | Non-ST131 n = 30 . | ST131 n = 90 . | Non-ST131 n = 111 . | ST131 n = 9 . | |||||
| Resistance | Amp-sulbactam | 59 (98) | 53 (88) | .03 | 22 (73) | 74 (82) | .29 | 35 (32) | 8 (89) | .001 |
| Cefotaxime | 52 (87) | 58 (97) | .048 | 1 (3) | 1 (1) | .44 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| Ceftriaxone | 47 (78) | 57 (95) | .007 | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | .08 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| Gentamicin | 16 (27) | 23 (38) | .17 | 7 (23) | 22 (24) | .90 | 2 (2) | 4 (44) | < .001 | |
| Ciprofloxacin | 35 (58) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 30 (100) | 90 (100) | NA | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| MDR (≥ 3 classes) | 38 (63) | 55 (92) | < .001 | 12 (40) | 35 (39) | .54 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| Adhesins | papAH/C/EG/G | 9 (15) | 17 (28) | .06 | 7 (23) | 1 (1) | < .001 | 45 (41) | 1 (11) | .08 |
| papG allele II | 5 (8) | 17 (28) | .004 | 7 (23) | 1 (1) | < .001 | 35 (32) | 1 (11) | .28 | |
| papG allele III | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .006 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | 14 (13) | 0 (0) | .31 | |
| sfa/focDE | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .006 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | 32 (29) | 1 (11) | .23 | |
| afa/draBC | 1 (2) | 12 (20) | .001 | 2 (6) | 1 (1) | .15 | 5 (5) | 4 (44) | .002 | |
| iha | 10 (17) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 15 (50) | 86 (96) | < .001 | 29 (26) | 7 (78) | .003 | |
| Toxins | hlyF | 5 (8) | 0 (0) | .06 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 12 (11) | 0 (0) | .60 |
| sat | 9 (15) | 56 (93) | < .001 | 16 (53) | 85 (94) | < .001 | 27 (24) | 6 (67) | .01 | |
| vat | 13 (21) | 2 (3) | .004 | 9 (30) | 0 (0) | < .001 | 75 (68) | 0 (0) | < .001 | |
| Siderophores | iroN | 11 (18) | 0 (0) | .001 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 44 (40) | 1 (11) | .15 |
| fyuA | 41 (68) | 60 (100) | < .001 | 21 (70) | 90 (100) | < .001 | 95 (86) | 9 (100) | .60 | |
| iutA | 30 (50) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 21 (70) | 86 (96) | < .001 | 41 (37) | 7 (78) | .03 | |
| Protectins | kpsM II | 25 (42) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 22 (73) | 57 (63) | .38 | 79 (72) | 9 (100) | .11 |
| kpsMT III | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .01 | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | .25 | 4 (4) | 0 (0) | 1.0 | |
| K1 | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .01 | 8 (27) | 0 (0) | < .001 | 39 (35) | 0 (0) | .03 | |
| K5 | 2 (3) | 16 (27) | .001 | 0 (0) | 36 (40) | < .001 | 10 (9) | 2 (22) | .22 | |
| K2/K100 | 4 (7) | 27 (45) | < .001 | 4 (13) | 5 (6) | .23 | 3 (3) | 5 (56) | < .001 | |
| iss | 4 (7) | 0 (0) | .12 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 13 (12) | 0 (0) | .60 | |
| traT | 44 (73) | 52 (87) | .11 | 9 (30) | 76 (84) | < .001 | 78 (70) | 9 (100) | .06 | |
| Miscellaneous | usp | 13 (22) | 60 (100) | < .001 | 12 (40) | 90 (100) | < .001 | 76 (69) | 9 (100) | .06 |
| ibeA | 3 (5) | 0 (0) | .24 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 27 (24) | 3 (33) | .69 | |
| ompT | 24 (40) | 58 (97) | < .001 | 16 (53) | 87 (97) | < .001 | 86 (77) | 9 (100) | .20 | |
| malX | 28 (53) | 60 (100) | < .001 | 14 (47) | 90 (100) | < .001 | 64 (58) | 9 (100) | .01 | |
| clbB/N | 12 (20) | 0 (0) | < .001 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | 66 (33) | 0 (0) | .004 | |
| ExPEC | 23 (38) | 56 (93) | < .001 | 18 (60) | 57 (63) | .83 | 68 (61) | 9 (100) | .03 | |
Abbreviations: Amp, ampicillin; ESC-RS, extended-spectrum cephalosporin-reduced susceptibility (whether or not fluoroquinolone-resistant); ExPEC, extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli; FQ-R, fluoroquinolone-resistant and ESC-susceptible; FQ-S, fluoroquinolone-susceptible and ESC-susceptible; MDR, multidrug-resistant; NA, not applicable (prevalence 0% in both comparison groups)
aTraits shown are those that yielded P < .05 for at least 1 comparison (ST131 vs non-ST131). Trait definitions are as shown in Table 3.
bBoldface indicates comparison group with higher resistance prevalence.
cP values (by “N − 1” χ2 test) are show in boldface where P < .05.
Prevalence of Resistance Phenotypes and Virulence Traits in Relation to Sequence Type 131 (ST131) Status Within Each Resistance Category Among 360 Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates
| Category . | Specific Trait a . | ESC-RS:Trait prevalence, No. (Column %)b . | P Valuec . | FQ-R: Trait Prevalence, No. (Column %)b . | P Valuec . | FQ-S: Trait Prevalence, No. (Column %)b . | P Valuec . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-ST131 n = 60 . | ST131 n = 60 . | Non-ST131 n = 30 . | ST131 n = 90 . | Non-ST131 n = 111 . | ST131 n = 9 . | |||||
| Resistance | Amp-sulbactam | 59 (98) | 53 (88) | .03 | 22 (73) | 74 (82) | .29 | 35 (32) | 8 (89) | .001 |
| Cefotaxime | 52 (87) | 58 (97) | .048 | 1 (3) | 1 (1) | .44 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| Ceftriaxone | 47 (78) | 57 (95) | .007 | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | .08 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| Gentamicin | 16 (27) | 23 (38) | .17 | 7 (23) | 22 (24) | .90 | 2 (2) | 4 (44) | < .001 | |
| Ciprofloxacin | 35 (58) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 30 (100) | 90 (100) | NA | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| MDR (≥ 3 classes) | 38 (63) | 55 (92) | < .001 | 12 (40) | 35 (39) | .54 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| Adhesins | papAH/C/EG/G | 9 (15) | 17 (28) | .06 | 7 (23) | 1 (1) | < .001 | 45 (41) | 1 (11) | .08 |
| papG allele II | 5 (8) | 17 (28) | .004 | 7 (23) | 1 (1) | < .001 | 35 (32) | 1 (11) | .28 | |
| papG allele III | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .006 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | 14 (13) | 0 (0) | .31 | |
| sfa/focDE | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .006 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | 32 (29) | 1 (11) | .23 | |
| afa/draBC | 1 (2) | 12 (20) | .001 | 2 (6) | 1 (1) | .15 | 5 (5) | 4 (44) | .002 | |
| iha | 10 (17) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 15 (50) | 86 (96) | < .001 | 29 (26) | 7 (78) | .003 | |
| Toxins | hlyF | 5 (8) | 0 (0) | .06 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 12 (11) | 0 (0) | .60 |
| sat | 9 (15) | 56 (93) | < .001 | 16 (53) | 85 (94) | < .001 | 27 (24) | 6 (67) | .01 | |
| vat | 13 (21) | 2 (3) | .004 | 9 (30) | 0 (0) | < .001 | 75 (68) | 0 (0) | < .001 | |
| Siderophores | iroN | 11 (18) | 0 (0) | .001 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 44 (40) | 1 (11) | .15 |
| fyuA | 41 (68) | 60 (100) | < .001 | 21 (70) | 90 (100) | < .001 | 95 (86) | 9 (100) | .60 | |
| iutA | 30 (50) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 21 (70) | 86 (96) | < .001 | 41 (37) | 7 (78) | .03 | |
| Protectins | kpsM II | 25 (42) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 22 (73) | 57 (63) | .38 | 79 (72) | 9 (100) | .11 |
| kpsMT III | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .01 | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | .25 | 4 (4) | 0 (0) | 1.0 | |
| K1 | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .01 | 8 (27) | 0 (0) | < .001 | 39 (35) | 0 (0) | .03 | |
| K5 | 2 (3) | 16 (27) | .001 | 0 (0) | 36 (40) | < .001 | 10 (9) | 2 (22) | .22 | |
| K2/K100 | 4 (7) | 27 (45) | < .001 | 4 (13) | 5 (6) | .23 | 3 (3) | 5 (56) | < .001 | |
| iss | 4 (7) | 0 (0) | .12 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 13 (12) | 0 (0) | .60 | |
| traT | 44 (73) | 52 (87) | .11 | 9 (30) | 76 (84) | < .001 | 78 (70) | 9 (100) | .06 | |
| Miscellaneous | usp | 13 (22) | 60 (100) | < .001 | 12 (40) | 90 (100) | < .001 | 76 (69) | 9 (100) | .06 |
| ibeA | 3 (5) | 0 (0) | .24 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 27 (24) | 3 (33) | .69 | |
| ompT | 24 (40) | 58 (97) | < .001 | 16 (53) | 87 (97) | < .001 | 86 (77) | 9 (100) | .20 | |
| malX | 28 (53) | 60 (100) | < .001 | 14 (47) | 90 (100) | < .001 | 64 (58) | 9 (100) | .01 | |
| clbB/N | 12 (20) | 0 (0) | < .001 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | 66 (33) | 0 (0) | .004 | |
| ExPEC | 23 (38) | 56 (93) | < .001 | 18 (60) | 57 (63) | .83 | 68 (61) | 9 (100) | .03 | |
| Category . | Specific Trait a . | ESC-RS:Trait prevalence, No. (Column %)b . | P Valuec . | FQ-R: Trait Prevalence, No. (Column %)b . | P Valuec . | FQ-S: Trait Prevalence, No. (Column %)b . | P Valuec . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-ST131 n = 60 . | ST131 n = 60 . | Non-ST131 n = 30 . | ST131 n = 90 . | Non-ST131 n = 111 . | ST131 n = 9 . | |||||
| Resistance | Amp-sulbactam | 59 (98) | 53 (88) | .03 | 22 (73) | 74 (82) | .29 | 35 (32) | 8 (89) | .001 |
| Cefotaxime | 52 (87) | 58 (97) | .048 | 1 (3) | 1 (1) | .44 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| Ceftriaxone | 47 (78) | 57 (95) | .007 | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | .08 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| Gentamicin | 16 (27) | 23 (38) | .17 | 7 (23) | 22 (24) | .90 | 2 (2) | 4 (44) | < .001 | |
| Ciprofloxacin | 35 (58) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 30 (100) | 90 (100) | NA | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| MDR (≥ 3 classes) | 38 (63) | 55 (92) | < .001 | 12 (40) | 35 (39) | .54 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | |
| Adhesins | papAH/C/EG/G | 9 (15) | 17 (28) | .06 | 7 (23) | 1 (1) | < .001 | 45 (41) | 1 (11) | .08 |
| papG allele II | 5 (8) | 17 (28) | .004 | 7 (23) | 1 (1) | < .001 | 35 (32) | 1 (11) | .28 | |
| papG allele III | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .006 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | 14 (13) | 0 (0) | .31 | |
| sfa/focDE | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .006 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | 32 (29) | 1 (11) | .23 | |
| afa/draBC | 1 (2) | 12 (20) | .001 | 2 (6) | 1 (1) | .15 | 5 (5) | 4 (44) | .002 | |
| iha | 10 (17) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 15 (50) | 86 (96) | < .001 | 29 (26) | 7 (78) | .003 | |
| Toxins | hlyF | 5 (8) | 0 (0) | .06 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 12 (11) | 0 (0) | .60 |
| sat | 9 (15) | 56 (93) | < .001 | 16 (53) | 85 (94) | < .001 | 27 (24) | 6 (67) | .01 | |
| vat | 13 (21) | 2 (3) | .004 | 9 (30) | 0 (0) | < .001 | 75 (68) | 0 (0) | < .001 | |
| Siderophores | iroN | 11 (18) | 0 (0) | .001 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 44 (40) | 1 (11) | .15 |
| fyuA | 41 (68) | 60 (100) | < .001 | 21 (70) | 90 (100) | < .001 | 95 (86) | 9 (100) | .60 | |
| iutA | 30 (50) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 21 (70) | 86 (96) | < .001 | 41 (37) | 7 (78) | .03 | |
| Protectins | kpsM II | 25 (42) | 57 (95) | < .001 | 22 (73) | 57 (63) | .38 | 79 (72) | 9 (100) | .11 |
| kpsMT III | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .01 | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | .25 | 4 (4) | 0 (0) | 1.0 | |
| K1 | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | .01 | 8 (27) | 0 (0) | < .001 | 39 (35) | 0 (0) | .03 | |
| K5 | 2 (3) | 16 (27) | .001 | 0 (0) | 36 (40) | < .001 | 10 (9) | 2 (22) | .22 | |
| K2/K100 | 4 (7) | 27 (45) | < .001 | 4 (13) | 5 (6) | .23 | 3 (3) | 5 (56) | < .001 | |
| iss | 4 (7) | 0 (0) | .12 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 13 (12) | 0 (0) | .60 | |
| traT | 44 (73) | 52 (87) | .11 | 9 (30) | 76 (84) | < .001 | 78 (70) | 9 (100) | .06 | |
| Miscellaneous | usp | 13 (22) | 60 (100) | < .001 | 12 (40) | 90 (100) | < .001 | 76 (69) | 9 (100) | .06 |
| ibeA | 3 (5) | 0 (0) | .24 | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | .01 | 27 (24) | 3 (33) | .69 | |
| ompT | 24 (40) | 58 (97) | < .001 | 16 (53) | 87 (97) | < .001 | 86 (77) | 9 (100) | .20 | |
| malX | 28 (53) | 60 (100) | < .001 | 14 (47) | 90 (100) | < .001 | 64 (58) | 9 (100) | .01 | |
| clbB/N | 12 (20) | 0 (0) | < .001 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | 66 (33) | 0 (0) | .004 | |
| ExPEC | 23 (38) | 56 (93) | < .001 | 18 (60) | 57 (63) | .83 | 68 (61) | 9 (100) | .03 | |
Abbreviations: Amp, ampicillin; ESC-RS, extended-spectrum cephalosporin-reduced susceptibility (whether or not fluoroquinolone-resistant); ExPEC, extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli; FQ-R, fluoroquinolone-resistant and ESC-susceptible; FQ-S, fluoroquinolone-susceptible and ESC-susceptible; MDR, multidrug-resistant; NA, not applicable (prevalence 0% in both comparison groups)
aTraits shown are those that yielded P < .05 for at least 1 comparison (ST131 vs non-ST131). Trait definitions are as shown in Table 3.
bBoldface indicates comparison group with higher resistance prevalence.
cP values (by “N − 1” χ2 test) are show in boldface where P < .05.
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