Table 5. Open in new tab Bivariate...

Early Failure to Treatment (n = 19), No. (%)

No Early Failure to Therapy (n = 40), No. (%)

Bivariate Analysis, OR (95% CI)

Bivariate Analysis, P Value

Multivariate Analysis, OR (95% CI)

Multivariate Analysis, P Value

Age, y

.72

18–40

6 (31.6)

11 (27.5)

Ref.

41–65

6 (31.6)

17 (42.5)

0.6 (0.2–2.5)

0.5 (0.2–2.1)

>65

7 (36.8)

12 (30)

1.1 (0.2–4.1)

0.9 (0.2–3.5)

Gender

.71

Female

9 (47.4)

21 (52.5)

0.8 (0.2–2.4)

0.7 (0.2–2.1)

Male

10 (52.6)

19 (47.5)

Race

.26

Caucasian

10 (52.6)

10 (25)

Ref.

Hispanic

6 (31.6)

17 (42.5)

0.3 (0.1–1.2)

0.2 (0.3–1.5)

African American

2 (10.5)

9 (22.5)

0.2(0.04–1.2)

.09

0.18 (0.1–1.4)

.12

Other

1 (5.3)

4 (10)

0.25 (0.02–2.6)

0.2 (0.08–2.1)

Diabetes mellitus

1.3 (0.4–4.6)

Malignancy

1.4 (0.4–5.6)

1.3 (0.5–4)

.56

HIV

1.6 (0.5–5.2)

1.4 (0.6–10)

COPD

3.5 (1.1–11.1)

.03^a

3.1 (1.04–10.8)

.04

Cystic fibrosis

2.6 (0.6–10.9)

2.1 (0.7–9.4)

.24

Bronchiectasis

2.1 (0.6–7.4)

1.8 (0.7–6.8)

Interstitial lung disease

1.4 (0.2–9.1)

1.3 (0.3–8.4)

GERD

1.6 (0.3–7.8)

1.4 (0.5–6.4)

Presence of second site of infection

3 (15.8)

0 (0)

.04^a

.05

Organ transplant

5 (26.3)

5 (12.5)

2.5 (0.5–12.6)

Immunosuppressive therapy

14 (73.7)

24 (60)

1.8 (0.5–7.9)

Central line

1 (5.3)

3 (7.5)

0.7 (0.02–9.3)

.75

Line or prosthetic device removal

1 (5.3)

1 (2.5)

2.1 (0.02–165.17)

Prosthetic device

14 (73.7)

9 (22.5)

9.6 (2.4–42.4)

<.001^a

8.1 (2.3–33)

<.001^a

Recent surgery

5 (26.3)

6 (15)

2.02 (0.4–9.4)

AKI

6 (31.6)

4 (10)

4.12 (0.8–22.8)

.04^a

3.4 (0.9–18)

.04^a

ESRD

1 (5.3)

4 (10)

0.5 (0.01–5.6)

Dialysis

1 (5.3)

1 (2.5)

2.1 (0.02–165.17)

Intravenous amikacin treatment receipt

3 (75)

10 (31.3)

6.6 (0.4–361.8)

.08

5.6 (0.5–268.4)

.08

Clarithromycin resistance

1 (7.7)

0 (0)

.17

Macrolide treatment receipt

10 (30.3)^b

3 (100)^b

0 (0–0.6)

.01^a

0.14 (0.01–0.5)

.02^a

Antibiotic therapy receipt

13 (68.4)

23 (57.5)

1.6 (0.4–6.2)

.42

Infectious diseases consult

8 (42.1)

11 (27.5)

1.9 (0.5–6.9)

.26

Discontinuation of antibiotics

5 (26.3)

15 (37.5)

0.6 (0.1–2.2)

.39

Treatment measures other than antibiotics

16 (84.2)

36 (90)

0.6 (0.09–4.6)

.52

Table 5.

Open in new tab

Bivariate Subgroup Analysis of Risk Factors for Early Treatment Failure in Patients With M. abscessus Complex Respiratory Infections

	Early Failure to Treatment (n = 19), No. (%)	No Early Failure to Therapy (n = 40), No. (%)	Bivariate Analysis, OR (95% CI)	Bivariate Analysis, P Value	Multivariate Analysis, OR (95% CI)	Multivariate Analysis, P Value
Age, y				.72	-	-
18–40	6 (31.6)	11 (27.5)	Ref.	Ref.	-	-
41–65	6 (31.6)	17 (42.5)	0.6 (0.2–2.5)	.5	0.5 (0.2–2.1)	.6
>65	7 (36.8)	12 (30)	1.1 (0.2–4.1)	.9	0.9 (0.2–3.5)	.7
Gender				.71	-	-
Female	9 (47.4)	21 (52.5)	0.8 (0.2–2.4)	.8	0.7 (0.2–2.1)	.7
Male	10 (52.6)	19 (47.5)
Race				.26	-	-
Caucasian	10 (52.6)	10 (25)	Ref.
Hispanic	6 (31.6)	17 (42.5)	0.3 (0.1–1.2)	.1	0.2 (0.3–1.5)	.2
African American	2 (10.5)	9 (22.5)	0.2(0.04–1.2)	.09	0.18 (0.1–1.4)	.12
Other	1 (5.3)	4 (10)	0.25 (0.02–2.6)	.2	0.2 (0.08–2.1)	.3
Diabetes mellitus	5	8	1.3 (0.4–4.6)	.4
Malignancy	4	6	1.4 (0.4–5.6)	.6	1.3 (0.5–4)	.56
HIV	6	8	1.6 (0.5–5.2)	.4	1.4 (0.6–10)	.4
COPD	10	6	3.5 (1.1–11.1)	.03^a	3.1 (1.04–10.8)	.04
Cystic fibrosis	5	4	2.6 (0.6–10.9)	.2	2.1 (0.7–9.4)	.24
Bronchiectasis	6	6	2.1 (0.6–7.4)	.2	1.8 (0.7–6.8)	.3
Interstitial lung disease	2	3	1.4 (0.2–9.1)	.7	1.3 (0.3–8.4)	.6
GERD	3	4	1.6 (0.3–7.8)	.6	1.4 (0.5–6.4)	.5
Presence of second site of infection	3 (15.8)	0 (0)	NP	.04^a	NP	.05
Organ transplant	5 (26.3)	5 (12.5)	2.5 (0.5–12.6)	.2	-	-
Immunosuppressive therapy	14 (73.7)	24 (60)	1.8 (0.5–7.9)	.2		-
Central line	1 (5.3)	3 (7.5)	0.7 (0.02–9.3)	.75	-	-
Line or prosthetic device removal	1 (5.3)	1 (2.5)	2.1 (0.02–165.17)	.6	-	-
Prosthetic device	14 (73.7)	9 (22.5)	9.6 (2.4–42.4)	<.001^a	8.1 (2.3–33)	<.001^a
Recent surgery	5 (26.3)	6 (15)	2.02 (0.4–9.4)	.3	-	-
AKI	6 (31.6)	4 (10)	4.12 (0.8–22.8)	.04^a	3.4 (0.9–18)	.04^a
ESRD	1 (5.3)	4 (10)	0.5 (0.01–5.6)	.5	-	-
Dialysis	1 (5.3)	1 (2.5)	2.1 (0.02–165.17)	.6	-	-
Intravenous amikacin treatment receipt	3 (75)	10 (31.3)	6.6 (0.4–361.8)	.08	5.6 (0.5–268.4)	.08
Clarithromycin resistance	1 (7.7)	0 (0)	NP	.17	-	-
Macrolide treatment receipt	10 (30.3)^b	3 (100)^b	0 (0–0.6)	.01^a	0.14 (0.01–0.5)	.02^a
Antibiotic therapy receipt	13 (68.4)	23 (57.5)	1.6 (0.4–6.2)	.42	-	-
Infectious diseases consult	8 (42.1)	11 (27.5)	1.9 (0.5–6.9)	.26	-	-
Discontinuation of antibiotics	5 (26.3)	15 (37.5)	0.6 (0.1–2.2)	.39	-	-
Treatment measures other than antibiotics	16 (84.2)	36 (90)	0.6 (0.09–4.6)	.52	-	-

	Early Failure to Treatment (n = 19), No. (%)	No Early Failure to Therapy (n = 40), No. (%)	Bivariate Analysis, OR (95% CI)	Bivariate Analysis, P Value	Multivariate Analysis, OR (95% CI)	Multivariate Analysis, P Value
Age, y				.72	-	-
18–40	6 (31.6)	11 (27.5)	Ref.	Ref.	-	-
41–65	6 (31.6)	17 (42.5)	0.6 (0.2–2.5)	.5	0.5 (0.2–2.1)	.6
>65	7 (36.8)	12 (30)	1.1 (0.2–4.1)	.9	0.9 (0.2–3.5)	.7
Gender				.71	-	-
Female	9 (47.4)	21 (52.5)	0.8 (0.2–2.4)	.8	0.7 (0.2–2.1)	.7
Male	10 (52.6)	19 (47.5)
Race				.26	-	-
Caucasian	10 (52.6)	10 (25)	Ref.
Hispanic	6 (31.6)	17 (42.5)	0.3 (0.1–1.2)	.1	0.2 (0.3–1.5)	.2
African American	2 (10.5)	9 (22.5)	0.2(0.04–1.2)	.09	0.18 (0.1–1.4)	.12
Other	1 (5.3)	4 (10)	0.25 (0.02–2.6)	.2	0.2 (0.08–2.1)	.3
Diabetes mellitus	5	8	1.3 (0.4–4.6)	.4
Malignancy	4	6	1.4 (0.4–5.6)	.6	1.3 (0.5–4)	.56
HIV	6	8	1.6 (0.5–5.2)	.4	1.4 (0.6–10)	.4
COPD	10	6	3.5 (1.1–11.1)	.03^a	3.1 (1.04–10.8)	.04
Cystic fibrosis	5	4	2.6 (0.6–10.9)	.2	2.1 (0.7–9.4)	.24
Bronchiectasis	6	6	2.1 (0.6–7.4)	.2	1.8 (0.7–6.8)	.3
Interstitial lung disease	2	3	1.4 (0.2–9.1)	.7	1.3 (0.3–8.4)	.6
GERD	3	4	1.6 (0.3–7.8)	.6	1.4 (0.5–6.4)	.5
Presence of second site of infection	3 (15.8)	0 (0)	NP	.04^a	NP	.05
Organ transplant	5 (26.3)	5 (12.5)	2.5 (0.5–12.6)	.2	-	-
Immunosuppressive therapy	14 (73.7)	24 (60)	1.8 (0.5–7.9)	.2		-
Central line	1 (5.3)	3 (7.5)	0.7 (0.02–9.3)	.75	-	-
Line or prosthetic device removal	1 (5.3)	1 (2.5)	2.1 (0.02–165.17)	.6	-	-
Prosthetic device	14 (73.7)	9 (22.5)	9.6 (2.4–42.4)	<.001^a	8.1 (2.3–33)	<.001^a
Recent surgery	5 (26.3)	6 (15)	2.02 (0.4–9.4)	.3	-	-
AKI	6 (31.6)	4 (10)	4.12 (0.8–22.8)	.04^a	3.4 (0.9–18)	.04^a
ESRD	1 (5.3)	4 (10)	0.5 (0.01–5.6)	.5	-	-
Dialysis	1 (5.3)	1 (2.5)	2.1 (0.02–165.17)	.6	-	-
Intravenous amikacin treatment receipt	3 (75)	10 (31.3)	6.6 (0.4–361.8)	.08	5.6 (0.5–268.4)	.08
Clarithromycin resistance	1 (7.7)	0 (0)	NP	.17	-	-
Macrolide treatment receipt	10 (30.3)^b	3 (100)^b	0 (0–0.6)	.01^a	0.14 (0.01–0.5)	.02^a
Antibiotic therapy receipt	13 (68.4)	23 (57.5)	1.6 (0.4–6.2)	.42	-	-
Infectious diseases consult	8 (42.1)	11 (27.5)	1.9 (0.5–6.9)	.26	-	-
Discontinuation of antibiotics	5 (26.3)	15 (37.5)	0.6 (0.1–2.2)	.39	-	-
Treatment measures other than antibiotics	16 (84.2)	36 (90)	0.6 (0.09–4.6)	.52	-	-

Abbreviations: AKI, acute kidney injury; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; NP, not possible to calculate; OR, odds ratio.

^aStatistically significant.

^bTen out of 33 patients with M. abscessus complex lung infections who received macrolide had early treatment failure vs 3 patients who did not receive macrolides out of 3 who had early treatment failure.

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