Risk of Maternal and Infant Outcomes in Hepatitis B–Positive Mothers Relative to Hepatitis B–Negative Mothers
| . | HBV Positive (n = 4391)a . | HBV Negative (n = 22 410)a . | Crude RR (95% CI) . | Adjusted RR (95% CI) . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | ||
| Maternal outcomes | ||||||
| GDMb | 389 | 9 | 1109 | 5 | 1.88 (1.66–2.12) | 1.11 (0.92–1.34) |
| Pre-eclampsiab | 1299 | 5 | 177 | 4 | 0.73 (0.62–0.85) | 1.06 (0.82–1.35) |
| Eclampsiac | 9 | 0.5 | 25 | 0.3 | 1.86 (0.87–3.99) | 2.31 (0.90–5.91) |
| Placenta previad | 7 | 0.4 | 17 | 0.2 | 2.12 (0.88–5.12) | 1.16 (0.35–3.84) |
| Neonatal outcomes | ||||||
| PTDc (<37 wk) | 320 | 7 | 1457 | 7 | 1.13 (1.00–1.28) | 1.15 (0.98–1.34) |
| LBWc (<2500 g) | 236 | 5 | 1040 | 5 | 1.16 (1.00–1.34) | 1.08 (0.90–1.29) |
| SGAe, f | 533 | 13 | 2115 | 10 | 1.28 (1.16–1.42) | 0.79 (0.67–0.93) |
| LGAb, f | 271 | 7 | 2025 | 10 | 0.68 (0.60–0.78) | 1.01 (0.82–1.24) |
| . | HBV Positive (n = 4391)a . | HBV Negative (n = 22 410)a . | Crude RR (95% CI) . | Adjusted RR (95% CI) . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | ||
| Maternal outcomes | ||||||
| GDMb | 389 | 9 | 1109 | 5 | 1.88 (1.66–2.12) | 1.11 (0.92–1.34) |
| Pre-eclampsiab | 1299 | 5 | 177 | 4 | 0.73 (0.62–0.85) | 1.06 (0.82–1.35) |
| Eclampsiac | 9 | 0.5 | 25 | 0.3 | 1.86 (0.87–3.99) | 2.31 (0.90–5.91) |
| Placenta previad | 7 | 0.4 | 17 | 0.2 | 2.12 (0.88–5.12) | 1.16 (0.35–3.84) |
| Neonatal outcomes | ||||||
| PTDc (<37 wk) | 320 | 7 | 1457 | 7 | 1.13 (1.00–1.28) | 1.15 (0.98–1.34) |
| LBWc (<2500 g) | 236 | 5 | 1040 | 5 | 1.16 (1.00–1.34) | 1.08 (0.90–1.29) |
| SGAe, f | 533 | 13 | 2115 | 10 | 1.28 (1.16–1.42) | 0.79 (0.67–0.93) |
| LGAb, f | 271 | 7 | 2025 | 10 | 0.68 (0.60–0.78) | 1.01 (0.82–1.24) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; GDM, gestational diabetes; HBV, hepatitis B virus; LBW, low birth weight; LGA, large for gestational age; PTD, preterm delivery; RR, relative risk; SGA, small for gestational age.
aTotal numbers of exposed and unexposed pregnant women vary by outcome due to different patterns of missing data.
bAdjusted for maternal age, race, country of birth, and body mass index (BMI).
cAdjusted for maternal age, race, and country of birth.
dAdjusted for maternal age, race, country of birth, and tobacco consumption.
eAdjusted for maternal age, race, country of birth, BMI, and hepatitis C.
fSGA is defined as the lowest 10% and LGA the highest 10% of the Washington State birth weight range for a given gestational age and infant gender.
Risk of Maternal and Infant Outcomes in Hepatitis B–Positive Mothers Relative to Hepatitis B–Negative Mothers
| . | HBV Positive (n = 4391)a . | HBV Negative (n = 22 410)a . | Crude RR (95% CI) . | Adjusted RR (95% CI) . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | ||
| Maternal outcomes | ||||||
| GDMb | 389 | 9 | 1109 | 5 | 1.88 (1.66–2.12) | 1.11 (0.92–1.34) |
| Pre-eclampsiab | 1299 | 5 | 177 | 4 | 0.73 (0.62–0.85) | 1.06 (0.82–1.35) |
| Eclampsiac | 9 | 0.5 | 25 | 0.3 | 1.86 (0.87–3.99) | 2.31 (0.90–5.91) |
| Placenta previad | 7 | 0.4 | 17 | 0.2 | 2.12 (0.88–5.12) | 1.16 (0.35–3.84) |
| Neonatal outcomes | ||||||
| PTDc (<37 wk) | 320 | 7 | 1457 | 7 | 1.13 (1.00–1.28) | 1.15 (0.98–1.34) |
| LBWc (<2500 g) | 236 | 5 | 1040 | 5 | 1.16 (1.00–1.34) | 1.08 (0.90–1.29) |
| SGAe, f | 533 | 13 | 2115 | 10 | 1.28 (1.16–1.42) | 0.79 (0.67–0.93) |
| LGAb, f | 271 | 7 | 2025 | 10 | 0.68 (0.60–0.78) | 1.01 (0.82–1.24) |
| . | HBV Positive (n = 4391)a . | HBV Negative (n = 22 410)a . | Crude RR (95% CI) . | Adjusted RR (95% CI) . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | No. . | % . | No. . | % . | ||
| Maternal outcomes | ||||||
| GDMb | 389 | 9 | 1109 | 5 | 1.88 (1.66–2.12) | 1.11 (0.92–1.34) |
| Pre-eclampsiab | 1299 | 5 | 177 | 4 | 0.73 (0.62–0.85) | 1.06 (0.82–1.35) |
| Eclampsiac | 9 | 0.5 | 25 | 0.3 | 1.86 (0.87–3.99) | 2.31 (0.90–5.91) |
| Placenta previad | 7 | 0.4 | 17 | 0.2 | 2.12 (0.88–5.12) | 1.16 (0.35–3.84) |
| Neonatal outcomes | ||||||
| PTDc (<37 wk) | 320 | 7 | 1457 | 7 | 1.13 (1.00–1.28) | 1.15 (0.98–1.34) |
| LBWc (<2500 g) | 236 | 5 | 1040 | 5 | 1.16 (1.00–1.34) | 1.08 (0.90–1.29) |
| SGAe, f | 533 | 13 | 2115 | 10 | 1.28 (1.16–1.42) | 0.79 (0.67–0.93) |
| LGAb, f | 271 | 7 | 2025 | 10 | 0.68 (0.60–0.78) | 1.01 (0.82–1.24) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; GDM, gestational diabetes; HBV, hepatitis B virus; LBW, low birth weight; LGA, large for gestational age; PTD, preterm delivery; RR, relative risk; SGA, small for gestational age.
aTotal numbers of exposed and unexposed pregnant women vary by outcome due to different patterns of missing data.
bAdjusted for maternal age, race, country of birth, and body mass index (BMI).
cAdjusted for maternal age, race, and country of birth.
dAdjusted for maternal age, race, country of birth, and tobacco consumption.
eAdjusted for maternal age, race, country of birth, BMI, and hepatitis C.
fSGA is defined as the lowest 10% and LGA the highest 10% of the Washington State birth weight range for a given gestational age and infant gender.
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