| Investigations needed to assess risk for AF in patients with heart failure | Class | References |
|---|---|---|
| A careful evaluation of clinical characteristics known to be associated with increased risk for AF should be performed. |  | 160 |
| Frequent interrogation or remote monitoring of stored arrhythmia episodes in device implanted HF patients should be performed in order to diagnose AF and allow its early management. | | 161 |
| Echocardiography is useful in identifying cardiac characteristics associated with a higher risk for AF. | | 162 |
| Cardiac MRI may be considered in identifying degree of atrial fibrosis and scar. |  | 163 |
| Use of biomarkers may be considered for identifying individuals with increased risk of future AF and for identifying individuals with high degree of atrial fibrosis. | | 107,164,165 |
| Searching for common genetic variants associated with AF risk by genetic molecular analysis has not been found to be useful in a routine clinical setting. |  | 166 |
| Investigations needed to assess risk for AF in patients with heart failure | Class | References |
|---|---|---|
| A careful evaluation of clinical characteristics known to be associated with increased risk for AF should be performed. | | 160 |
| Frequent interrogation or remote monitoring of stored arrhythmia episodes in device implanted HF patients should be performed in order to diagnose AF and allow its early management. | | 161 |
| Echocardiography is useful in identifying cardiac characteristics associated with a higher risk for AF. | | 162 |
| Cardiac MRI may be considered in identifying degree of atrial fibrosis and scar. | | 163 |
| Use of biomarkers may be considered for identifying individuals with increased risk of future AF and for identifying individuals with high degree of atrial fibrosis. | | 107,164,165 |
| Searching for common genetic variants associated with AF risk by genetic molecular analysis has not been found to be useful in a routine clinical setting. | | 166 |
| Investigations needed to assess risk for AF in patients with heart failure | Class | References |
|---|---|---|
| A careful evaluation of clinical characteristics known to be associated with increased risk for AF should be performed. | | 160 |
| Frequent interrogation or remote monitoring of stored arrhythmia episodes in device implanted HF patients should be performed in order to diagnose AF and allow its early management. | | 161 |
| Echocardiography is useful in identifying cardiac characteristics associated with a higher risk for AF. | | 162 |
| Cardiac MRI may be considered in identifying degree of atrial fibrosis and scar. | | 163 |
| Use of biomarkers may be considered for identifying individuals with increased risk of future AF and for identifying individuals with high degree of atrial fibrosis. | | 107,164,165 |
| Searching for common genetic variants associated with AF risk by genetic molecular analysis has not been found to be useful in a routine clinical setting. | | 166 |
| Investigations needed to assess risk for AF in patients with heart failure | Class | References |
|---|---|---|
| A careful evaluation of clinical characteristics known to be associated with increased risk for AF should be performed. | | 160 |
| Frequent interrogation or remote monitoring of stored arrhythmia episodes in device implanted HF patients should be performed in order to diagnose AF and allow its early management. | | 161 |
| Echocardiography is useful in identifying cardiac characteristics associated with a higher risk for AF. | | 162 |
| Cardiac MRI may be considered in identifying degree of atrial fibrosis and scar. | | 163 |
| Use of biomarkers may be considered for identifying individuals with increased risk of future AF and for identifying individuals with high degree of atrial fibrosis. | | 107,164,165 |
| Searching for common genetic variants associated with AF risk by genetic molecular analysis has not been found to be useful in a routine clinical setting. | | 166 |
