Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Propensity-Matched Clostridioides difficile Infection Patients Treated With Metronidazole or Oral Vancomycin
| Characteristic . | Metronidazole, n (%) . | Vancomycin, n (%) . |
|---|---|---|
| No. of patients | 10 510 | 5266 |
| Year | ||
| 2006 | 439 (4.2) | 181 (3.4) |
| 2007 | 419 (4.0) | 176 (3.3) |
| 2008 | 482 (4.6) | 218 (4.1) |
| 2009 | 512 (4.9) | 261 (5.0) |
| 2010 | 606 (5.8) | 310 (5.9) |
| 2011 | 826 (7.9) | 487 (9.2) |
| 2012 | 985 (9.4) | 470 (8.9) |
| 2013 | 1129 (10.7) | 600 (11.4) |
| 2014 | 1417 (13.5) | 667 (12.7) |
| 2015 | 1680 (16.0) | 864 (16.4) |
| 2016 | 2015 (19.2) | 1032 (19.6) |
| Episode type | ||
| Primary incident | 1040 0 (99.0) | 5207 (98.9) |
| Recurrent | 38 (0.4) | 21 (0.4) |
| Secondary incident | 72 (0.7) | 38 (0.7) |
| Onset | ||
| Acute care facility | 2235 (21.3) | 1102 (20.9) |
| Community | 7328 (69.7) | 3694 (70.1) |
| Long-term care facility | 947 (9.0) | 470 (8.9) |
| Diagnosis in the intensive care unit | 1066 (10.1) | 522 (9.9) |
| Age at diagnosis, median (IQR), y | 69.00 (62.00, 79.00) | 68.00 (62.00, 79.00) |
| Maximum white blood cell count, median (IQR), thousands, per cubic millimeter | 10.60 (7.50, 15.00) | 11.20 (7.60, 16.60) |
| Average baseline SCr, median (IQR), milligrams per deciliter | 1.10 (0.87, 1.50) | 1.10 (0.85, 1.50) |
| Maximum SCr, median (IQR), milligrams per deciliter | 1.20 (0.90, 1.86) | 1.21 (0.90, 1.90) |
| Charlson score, median (IQR) | 2.00 (0.00, 4.00) | 2.00 (0.00, 4.00) |
| Days of vancomycin last 1 year, median (IQR) | 0.00 (0.00, 3.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 3.00) |
| Days of metronidazole last 1 year, median (IQR) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) |
| Immune suppressive medications last 1 month | 543 (5.2) | 261 (5.0) |
| Chemotherapy last 1 month | 306 (2.9) | 145 (2.8) |
| Fluoroquinolones last 3 months | 3349 (31.9) | 1696 (32.2) |
| Cephalosporins last 3 months | 3496 (33.3) | 1736 (33.0) |
| Proton pump inhibitors last 3 months | 3450 (32.8) | 1755 (33.3) |
| CDI treatment with rifaximin | 160 (1.5) | 89 (1.7) |
| History of CDI | 48 (0.5) | 33 (0.6) |
| History of hospitalization last 1 year | 6148 (58.5) | 3101 (58.9) |
| Male sex | 9944 (94.6) | 4991 (94.8) |
| Characteristic . | Metronidazole, n (%) . | Vancomycin, n (%) . |
|---|---|---|
| No. of patients | 10 510 | 5266 |
| Year | ||
| 2006 | 439 (4.2) | 181 (3.4) |
| 2007 | 419 (4.0) | 176 (3.3) |
| 2008 | 482 (4.6) | 218 (4.1) |
| 2009 | 512 (4.9) | 261 (5.0) |
| 2010 | 606 (5.8) | 310 (5.9) |
| 2011 | 826 (7.9) | 487 (9.2) |
| 2012 | 985 (9.4) | 470 (8.9) |
| 2013 | 1129 (10.7) | 600 (11.4) |
| 2014 | 1417 (13.5) | 667 (12.7) |
| 2015 | 1680 (16.0) | 864 (16.4) |
| 2016 | 2015 (19.2) | 1032 (19.6) |
| Episode type | ||
| Primary incident | 1040 0 (99.0) | 5207 (98.9) |
| Recurrent | 38 (0.4) | 21 (0.4) |
| Secondary incident | 72 (0.7) | 38 (0.7) |
| Onset | ||
| Acute care facility | 2235 (21.3) | 1102 (20.9) |
| Community | 7328 (69.7) | 3694 (70.1) |
| Long-term care facility | 947 (9.0) | 470 (8.9) |
| Diagnosis in the intensive care unit | 1066 (10.1) | 522 (9.9) |
| Age at diagnosis, median (IQR), y | 69.00 (62.00, 79.00) | 68.00 (62.00, 79.00) |
| Maximum white blood cell count, median (IQR), thousands, per cubic millimeter | 10.60 (7.50, 15.00) | 11.20 (7.60, 16.60) |
| Average baseline SCr, median (IQR), milligrams per deciliter | 1.10 (0.87, 1.50) | 1.10 (0.85, 1.50) |
| Maximum SCr, median (IQR), milligrams per deciliter | 1.20 (0.90, 1.86) | 1.21 (0.90, 1.90) |
| Charlson score, median (IQR) | 2.00 (0.00, 4.00) | 2.00 (0.00, 4.00) |
| Days of vancomycin last 1 year, median (IQR) | 0.00 (0.00, 3.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 3.00) |
| Days of metronidazole last 1 year, median (IQR) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) |
| Immune suppressive medications last 1 month | 543 (5.2) | 261 (5.0) |
| Chemotherapy last 1 month | 306 (2.9) | 145 (2.8) |
| Fluoroquinolones last 3 months | 3349 (31.9) | 1696 (32.2) |
| Cephalosporins last 3 months | 3496 (33.3) | 1736 (33.0) |
| Proton pump inhibitors last 3 months | 3450 (32.8) | 1755 (33.3) |
| CDI treatment with rifaximin | 160 (1.5) | 89 (1.7) |
| History of CDI | 48 (0.5) | 33 (0.6) |
| History of hospitalization last 1 year | 6148 (58.5) | 3101 (58.9) |
| Male sex | 9944 (94.6) | 4991 (94.8) |
Abbreviations: CDI, Clostridioides difficile infection; IQR, interquartile range; SCr, serum creatinine.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Propensity-Matched Clostridioides difficile Infection Patients Treated With Metronidazole or Oral Vancomycin
| Characteristic . | Metronidazole, n (%) . | Vancomycin, n (%) . |
|---|---|---|
| No. of patients | 10 510 | 5266 |
| Year | ||
| 2006 | 439 (4.2) | 181 (3.4) |
| 2007 | 419 (4.0) | 176 (3.3) |
| 2008 | 482 (4.6) | 218 (4.1) |
| 2009 | 512 (4.9) | 261 (5.0) |
| 2010 | 606 (5.8) | 310 (5.9) |
| 2011 | 826 (7.9) | 487 (9.2) |
| 2012 | 985 (9.4) | 470 (8.9) |
| 2013 | 1129 (10.7) | 600 (11.4) |
| 2014 | 1417 (13.5) | 667 (12.7) |
| 2015 | 1680 (16.0) | 864 (16.4) |
| 2016 | 2015 (19.2) | 1032 (19.6) |
| Episode type | ||
| Primary incident | 1040 0 (99.0) | 5207 (98.9) |
| Recurrent | 38 (0.4) | 21 (0.4) |
| Secondary incident | 72 (0.7) | 38 (0.7) |
| Onset | ||
| Acute care facility | 2235 (21.3) | 1102 (20.9) |
| Community | 7328 (69.7) | 3694 (70.1) |
| Long-term care facility | 947 (9.0) | 470 (8.9) |
| Diagnosis in the intensive care unit | 1066 (10.1) | 522 (9.9) |
| Age at diagnosis, median (IQR), y | 69.00 (62.00, 79.00) | 68.00 (62.00, 79.00) |
| Maximum white blood cell count, median (IQR), thousands, per cubic millimeter | 10.60 (7.50, 15.00) | 11.20 (7.60, 16.60) |
| Average baseline SCr, median (IQR), milligrams per deciliter | 1.10 (0.87, 1.50) | 1.10 (0.85, 1.50) |
| Maximum SCr, median (IQR), milligrams per deciliter | 1.20 (0.90, 1.86) | 1.21 (0.90, 1.90) |
| Charlson score, median (IQR) | 2.00 (0.00, 4.00) | 2.00 (0.00, 4.00) |
| Days of vancomycin last 1 year, median (IQR) | 0.00 (0.00, 3.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 3.00) |
| Days of metronidazole last 1 year, median (IQR) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) |
| Immune suppressive medications last 1 month | 543 (5.2) | 261 (5.0) |
| Chemotherapy last 1 month | 306 (2.9) | 145 (2.8) |
| Fluoroquinolones last 3 months | 3349 (31.9) | 1696 (32.2) |
| Cephalosporins last 3 months | 3496 (33.3) | 1736 (33.0) |
| Proton pump inhibitors last 3 months | 3450 (32.8) | 1755 (33.3) |
| CDI treatment with rifaximin | 160 (1.5) | 89 (1.7) |
| History of CDI | 48 (0.5) | 33 (0.6) |
| History of hospitalization last 1 year | 6148 (58.5) | 3101 (58.9) |
| Male sex | 9944 (94.6) | 4991 (94.8) |
| Characteristic . | Metronidazole, n (%) . | Vancomycin, n (%) . |
|---|---|---|
| No. of patients | 10 510 | 5266 |
| Year | ||
| 2006 | 439 (4.2) | 181 (3.4) |
| 2007 | 419 (4.0) | 176 (3.3) |
| 2008 | 482 (4.6) | 218 (4.1) |
| 2009 | 512 (4.9) | 261 (5.0) |
| 2010 | 606 (5.8) | 310 (5.9) |
| 2011 | 826 (7.9) | 487 (9.2) |
| 2012 | 985 (9.4) | 470 (8.9) |
| 2013 | 1129 (10.7) | 600 (11.4) |
| 2014 | 1417 (13.5) | 667 (12.7) |
| 2015 | 1680 (16.0) | 864 (16.4) |
| 2016 | 2015 (19.2) | 1032 (19.6) |
| Episode type | ||
| Primary incident | 1040 0 (99.0) | 5207 (98.9) |
| Recurrent | 38 (0.4) | 21 (0.4) |
| Secondary incident | 72 (0.7) | 38 (0.7) |
| Onset | ||
| Acute care facility | 2235 (21.3) | 1102 (20.9) |
| Community | 7328 (69.7) | 3694 (70.1) |
| Long-term care facility | 947 (9.0) | 470 (8.9) |
| Diagnosis in the intensive care unit | 1066 (10.1) | 522 (9.9) |
| Age at diagnosis, median (IQR), y | 69.00 (62.00, 79.00) | 68.00 (62.00, 79.00) |
| Maximum white blood cell count, median (IQR), thousands, per cubic millimeter | 10.60 (7.50, 15.00) | 11.20 (7.60, 16.60) |
| Average baseline SCr, median (IQR), milligrams per deciliter | 1.10 (0.87, 1.50) | 1.10 (0.85, 1.50) |
| Maximum SCr, median (IQR), milligrams per deciliter | 1.20 (0.90, 1.86) | 1.21 (0.90, 1.90) |
| Charlson score, median (IQR) | 2.00 (0.00, 4.00) | 2.00 (0.00, 4.00) |
| Days of vancomycin last 1 year, median (IQR) | 0.00 (0.00, 3.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 3.00) |
| Days of metronidazole last 1 year, median (IQR) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) |
| Immune suppressive medications last 1 month | 543 (5.2) | 261 (5.0) |
| Chemotherapy last 1 month | 306 (2.9) | 145 (2.8) |
| Fluoroquinolones last 3 months | 3349 (31.9) | 1696 (32.2) |
| Cephalosporins last 3 months | 3496 (33.3) | 1736 (33.0) |
| Proton pump inhibitors last 3 months | 3450 (32.8) | 1755 (33.3) |
| CDI treatment with rifaximin | 160 (1.5) | 89 (1.7) |
| History of CDI | 48 (0.5) | 33 (0.6) |
| History of hospitalization last 1 year | 6148 (58.5) | 3101 (58.9) |
| Male sex | 9944 (94.6) | 4991 (94.8) |
Abbreviations: CDI, Clostridioides difficile infection; IQR, interquartile range; SCr, serum creatinine.
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