| Screening criteria and 6-h bundle . | Whole cohort n = 1151 . | Sepsis n = 47 . | Infection n = 413 . | Other n = 691 . | P value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Confirmed or suspected source of infection, n (%) | |||||
| No source of infection | 635 (55.2) | 1 (2.1)a | 11 (2.7) | 623 (90.2) | <0.001 |
| 1 Source of infection | 393 (34.1) | 31 (66.0) | 301 (72.9) | 61 (8.8) | |
| ≥2 Sources of infection | 123 (10.7) | 15 (31.9) | 101 (24.5) | 7 (1.0) | |
| qSOFA, n (%) | |||||
| ≥2 Points | 213 (18.5) | 28 (59.6) | 94 (22.8) | 91 (13.2) | <0.001 |
| ≤1 Point | 938 (81.5) | 19 (40.4) | 319 (77.2) | 600 (86.8) | |
| qSOFA-based SS tool criteria met, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 145 (12.6) | 28 (59.6) | 92 (22.3) | 25 (3.6) | <0.001 |
| No | 1006 (87.4) | 19 (40.4) | 321 (77.7) | 666 (96.4) | |
| Antibiotics administered, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 559 (48.6) | 46 (97.9) | 392 (94.9) | 121 (17.5) | <0.001 |
| No | 592 (51.4) | 1 (2.1) | 21 (5.1) | 570 (82.5) | |
| Patients with lactate obtained, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 264 (22.9) | 34 (72.3) | 125 (30.3) | 105 (15.2) | <0.001 |
| No | 13 (27.7) | 288 (69.7) | 586 (84.8) | ||
| Lactate mmol/l, median (IQR) | 1.8 (1.0) | 1.9 (1.6) | 1.7 (1.0) | 1.8 (1.0) | 0.153 |
| Patients with higher lactate obtained, n (%) | 26 (2.3) | 9 (19.1) | 9 (2.2) | 8 (1.2) | |
| Higher lactate mmol/l, median (IQR) | 2.2 (3.1) | 3.4 (3.3) | 2.1 (1.3) | 1.9 (1.5) | 0.091 |
| Patients with fluids administered, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 38 (3.3) | 11 (23.4) | 13 (3.1) | 14 (2.0) | <0.001 |
| No | 1113 (96.7) | 36 (76.6) | 400 (96.9) | 677 (98.0) | |
| Amount of fluids, ml crystalloids, median (IQR) | 500 (500) | 500 (1000) | 500 (500) | 1000 (500) | 0.477 |
| Vasopressor initiated, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 10 (0.9) | 8 (17.0) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.3) | <0.001b |
| No | 1141 (99.1) | 39 (83.0) | 413 (100) | 689 (99.7) | |
| Cultures obtained, n (%) | |||||
| No cultures | 626 (54.4) | 2 (4.3) | 56 (13.6) | 568 (82.2) | <0.001 |
| ≥1 Culture | 525 (45.6) | 45 (95.7) | 357 (86.4) | 123 (17.8) | |
| Type of culture, n (%) | |||||
| Blood cultures ≥1 | 364 (31.6) | 43 (91.5) | 259 (62.7) | 62 (9.0) | <0.001c |
| Urine culture ≥1 | 256 (22.2) | 31 (66.0) | 163 (39.5) | 62 (9.0) | <0.001c |
| Other cultures ≥1 | 231 (20.1) | 20 (42.6) | 167 (40.4) | 44 (6.4) | <0.001c |
| Culture reports, n (%) | |||||
| ≥1 Negative culture | 428 (37.2) | 39 (83.0) | 281 (68.0) | 108 (15.6) | <0.001d |
| ≥1 Positive culture | 268 (23.3) | 33 (70.2) | 206 (49.9) | 29 (4.2) | <0.001d |
| ≥1 Gram-negative bacteria | 145 (12.6) | 17 (36.2) | 110 (26.6) | 10 (1.4) | <0.001e |
| ≥1 Gram-positive bacteria | 75 (6.5) | 11 (23.4) | 46 (11.1) | 5 (0.7) | <0.001e |
| ≥1 Fungi | 20 (1.7) | 2 (12.8) | 12 (2.9) | 2 (0.3) | <0.001e |
| All multiresistant bacteria ≥1 (MRSA, ESBL, KPC) | 35 (3.0) | 2 (4.3) | 29 (7.0) | 4 (0.6) | <0.001f |
| Screening criteria and 6-h bundle . | Whole cohort n = 1151 . | Sepsis n = 47 . | Infection n = 413 . | Other n = 691 . | P value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Confirmed or suspected source of infection, n (%) | |||||
| No source of infection | 635 (55.2) | 1 (2.1)a | 11 (2.7) | 623 (90.2) | <0.001 |
| 1 Source of infection | 393 (34.1) | 31 (66.0) | 301 (72.9) | 61 (8.8) | |
| ≥2 Sources of infection | 123 (10.7) | 15 (31.9) | 101 (24.5) | 7 (1.0) | |
| qSOFA, n (%) | |||||
| ≥2 Points | 213 (18.5) | 28 (59.6) | 94 (22.8) | 91 (13.2) | <0.001 |
| ≤1 Point | 938 (81.5) | 19 (40.4) | 319 (77.2) | 600 (86.8) | |
| qSOFA-based SS tool criteria met, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 145 (12.6) | 28 (59.6) | 92 (22.3) | 25 (3.6) | <0.001 |
| No | 1006 (87.4) | 19 (40.4) | 321 (77.7) | 666 (96.4) | |
| Antibiotics administered, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 559 (48.6) | 46 (97.9) | 392 (94.9) | 121 (17.5) | <0.001 |
| No | 592 (51.4) | 1 (2.1) | 21 (5.1) | 570 (82.5) | |
| Patients with lactate obtained, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 264 (22.9) | 34 (72.3) | 125 (30.3) | 105 (15.2) | <0.001 |
| No | 13 (27.7) | 288 (69.7) | 586 (84.8) | ||
| Lactate mmol/l, median (IQR) | 1.8 (1.0) | 1.9 (1.6) | 1.7 (1.0) | 1.8 (1.0) | 0.153 |
| Patients with higher lactate obtained, n (%) | 26 (2.3) | 9 (19.1) | 9 (2.2) | 8 (1.2) | |
| Higher lactate mmol/l, median (IQR) | 2.2 (3.1) | 3.4 (3.3) | 2.1 (1.3) | 1.9 (1.5) | 0.091 |
| Patients with fluids administered, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 38 (3.3) | 11 (23.4) | 13 (3.1) | 14 (2.0) | <0.001 |
| No | 1113 (96.7) | 36 (76.6) | 400 (96.9) | 677 (98.0) | |
| Amount of fluids, ml crystalloids, median (IQR) | 500 (500) | 500 (1000) | 500 (500) | 1000 (500) | 0.477 |
| Vasopressor initiated, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 10 (0.9) | 8 (17.0) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.3) | <0.001b |
| No | 1141 (99.1) | 39 (83.0) | 413 (100) | 689 (99.7) | |
| Cultures obtained, n (%) | |||||
| No cultures | 626 (54.4) | 2 (4.3) | 56 (13.6) | 568 (82.2) | <0.001 |
| ≥1 Culture | 525 (45.6) | 45 (95.7) | 357 (86.4) | 123 (17.8) | |
| Type of culture, n (%) | |||||
| Blood cultures ≥1 | 364 (31.6) | 43 (91.5) | 259 (62.7) | 62 (9.0) | <0.001c |
| Urine culture ≥1 | 256 (22.2) | 31 (66.0) | 163 (39.5) | 62 (9.0) | <0.001c |
| Other cultures ≥1 | 231 (20.1) | 20 (42.6) | 167 (40.4) | 44 (6.4) | <0.001c |
| Culture reports, n (%) | |||||
| ≥1 Negative culture | 428 (37.2) | 39 (83.0) | 281 (68.0) | 108 (15.6) | <0.001d |
| ≥1 Positive culture | 268 (23.3) | 33 (70.2) | 206 (49.9) | 29 (4.2) | <0.001d |
| ≥1 Gram-negative bacteria | 145 (12.6) | 17 (36.2) | 110 (26.6) | 10 (1.4) | <0.001e |
| ≥1 Gram-positive bacteria | 75 (6.5) | 11 (23.4) | 46 (11.1) | 5 (0.7) | <0.001e |
| ≥1 Fungi | 20 (1.7) | 2 (12.8) | 12 (2.9) | 2 (0.3) | <0.001e |
| All multiresistant bacteria ≥1 (MRSA, ESBL, KPC) | 35 (3.0) | 2 (4.3) | 29 (7.0) | 4 (0.6) | <0.001f |
ml, milliliter; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; ESBL, extended spectrum β-lactamases; KPC, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase.
This patient did not have information related to infection or antibiotic administration but was diagnosed with sepsis based on a review of the electronic health record.
Two cells (33.3%) had expected count <5; the minimum expected count is 0.41.
Chi-square calculated based on dichotomized variable ≥1 blood, urine and other culture and no culture; no culture is not reported.
Chi-square calculated based on dichotomized variable ≥1 positive, negative and no culture; no culture is not reported.
Chi-square calculated based on dichotomized variable ≥1 microbe and no microbe; no microbe is not reported.
Chi-square calculated based on dichotomized variable ≥1 multiresistant bacteria and no multiresistant bacteria; no multiresistant bacteria is not reported.
| Screening criteria and 6-h bundle . | Whole cohort n = 1151 . | Sepsis n = 47 . | Infection n = 413 . | Other n = 691 . | P value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Confirmed or suspected source of infection, n (%) | |||||
| No source of infection | 635 (55.2) | 1 (2.1)a | 11 (2.7) | 623 (90.2) | <0.001 |
| 1 Source of infection | 393 (34.1) | 31 (66.0) | 301 (72.9) | 61 (8.8) | |
| ≥2 Sources of infection | 123 (10.7) | 15 (31.9) | 101 (24.5) | 7 (1.0) | |
| qSOFA, n (%) | |||||
| ≥2 Points | 213 (18.5) | 28 (59.6) | 94 (22.8) | 91 (13.2) | <0.001 |
| ≤1 Point | 938 (81.5) | 19 (40.4) | 319 (77.2) | 600 (86.8) | |
| qSOFA-based SS tool criteria met, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 145 (12.6) | 28 (59.6) | 92 (22.3) | 25 (3.6) | <0.001 |
| No | 1006 (87.4) | 19 (40.4) | 321 (77.7) | 666 (96.4) | |
| Antibiotics administered, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 559 (48.6) | 46 (97.9) | 392 (94.9) | 121 (17.5) | <0.001 |
| No | 592 (51.4) | 1 (2.1) | 21 (5.1) | 570 (82.5) | |
| Patients with lactate obtained, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 264 (22.9) | 34 (72.3) | 125 (30.3) | 105 (15.2) | <0.001 |
| No | 13 (27.7) | 288 (69.7) | 586 (84.8) | ||
| Lactate mmol/l, median (IQR) | 1.8 (1.0) | 1.9 (1.6) | 1.7 (1.0) | 1.8 (1.0) | 0.153 |
| Patients with higher lactate obtained, n (%) | 26 (2.3) | 9 (19.1) | 9 (2.2) | 8 (1.2) | |
| Higher lactate mmol/l, median (IQR) | 2.2 (3.1) | 3.4 (3.3) | 2.1 (1.3) | 1.9 (1.5) | 0.091 |
| Patients with fluids administered, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 38 (3.3) | 11 (23.4) | 13 (3.1) | 14 (2.0) | <0.001 |
| No | 1113 (96.7) | 36 (76.6) | 400 (96.9) | 677 (98.0) | |
| Amount of fluids, ml crystalloids, median (IQR) | 500 (500) | 500 (1000) | 500 (500) | 1000 (500) | 0.477 |
| Vasopressor initiated, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 10 (0.9) | 8 (17.0) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.3) | <0.001b |
| No | 1141 (99.1) | 39 (83.0) | 413 (100) | 689 (99.7) | |
| Cultures obtained, n (%) | |||||
| No cultures | 626 (54.4) | 2 (4.3) | 56 (13.6) | 568 (82.2) | <0.001 |
| ≥1 Culture | 525 (45.6) | 45 (95.7) | 357 (86.4) | 123 (17.8) | |
| Type of culture, n (%) | |||||
| Blood cultures ≥1 | 364 (31.6) | 43 (91.5) | 259 (62.7) | 62 (9.0) | <0.001c |
| Urine culture ≥1 | 256 (22.2) | 31 (66.0) | 163 (39.5) | 62 (9.0) | <0.001c |
| Other cultures ≥1 | 231 (20.1) | 20 (42.6) | 167 (40.4) | 44 (6.4) | <0.001c |
| Culture reports, n (%) | |||||
| ≥1 Negative culture | 428 (37.2) | 39 (83.0) | 281 (68.0) | 108 (15.6) | <0.001d |
| ≥1 Positive culture | 268 (23.3) | 33 (70.2) | 206 (49.9) | 29 (4.2) | <0.001d |
| ≥1 Gram-negative bacteria | 145 (12.6) | 17 (36.2) | 110 (26.6) | 10 (1.4) | <0.001e |
| ≥1 Gram-positive bacteria | 75 (6.5) | 11 (23.4) | 46 (11.1) | 5 (0.7) | <0.001e |
| ≥1 Fungi | 20 (1.7) | 2 (12.8) | 12 (2.9) | 2 (0.3) | <0.001e |
| All multiresistant bacteria ≥1 (MRSA, ESBL, KPC) | 35 (3.0) | 2 (4.3) | 29 (7.0) | 4 (0.6) | <0.001f |
| Screening criteria and 6-h bundle . | Whole cohort n = 1151 . | Sepsis n = 47 . | Infection n = 413 . | Other n = 691 . | P value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Confirmed or suspected source of infection, n (%) | |||||
| No source of infection | 635 (55.2) | 1 (2.1)a | 11 (2.7) | 623 (90.2) | <0.001 |
| 1 Source of infection | 393 (34.1) | 31 (66.0) | 301 (72.9) | 61 (8.8) | |
| ≥2 Sources of infection | 123 (10.7) | 15 (31.9) | 101 (24.5) | 7 (1.0) | |
| qSOFA, n (%) | |||||
| ≥2 Points | 213 (18.5) | 28 (59.6) | 94 (22.8) | 91 (13.2) | <0.001 |
| ≤1 Point | 938 (81.5) | 19 (40.4) | 319 (77.2) | 600 (86.8) | |
| qSOFA-based SS tool criteria met, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 145 (12.6) | 28 (59.6) | 92 (22.3) | 25 (3.6) | <0.001 |
| No | 1006 (87.4) | 19 (40.4) | 321 (77.7) | 666 (96.4) | |
| Antibiotics administered, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 559 (48.6) | 46 (97.9) | 392 (94.9) | 121 (17.5) | <0.001 |
| No | 592 (51.4) | 1 (2.1) | 21 (5.1) | 570 (82.5) | |
| Patients with lactate obtained, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 264 (22.9) | 34 (72.3) | 125 (30.3) | 105 (15.2) | <0.001 |
| No | 13 (27.7) | 288 (69.7) | 586 (84.8) | ||
| Lactate mmol/l, median (IQR) | 1.8 (1.0) | 1.9 (1.6) | 1.7 (1.0) | 1.8 (1.0) | 0.153 |
| Patients with higher lactate obtained, n (%) | 26 (2.3) | 9 (19.1) | 9 (2.2) | 8 (1.2) | |
| Higher lactate mmol/l, median (IQR) | 2.2 (3.1) | 3.4 (3.3) | 2.1 (1.3) | 1.9 (1.5) | 0.091 |
| Patients with fluids administered, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 38 (3.3) | 11 (23.4) | 13 (3.1) | 14 (2.0) | <0.001 |
| No | 1113 (96.7) | 36 (76.6) | 400 (96.9) | 677 (98.0) | |
| Amount of fluids, ml crystalloids, median (IQR) | 500 (500) | 500 (1000) | 500 (500) | 1000 (500) | 0.477 |
| Vasopressor initiated, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 10 (0.9) | 8 (17.0) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.3) | <0.001b |
| No | 1141 (99.1) | 39 (83.0) | 413 (100) | 689 (99.7) | |
| Cultures obtained, n (%) | |||||
| No cultures | 626 (54.4) | 2 (4.3) | 56 (13.6) | 568 (82.2) | <0.001 |
| ≥1 Culture | 525 (45.6) | 45 (95.7) | 357 (86.4) | 123 (17.8) | |
| Type of culture, n (%) | |||||
| Blood cultures ≥1 | 364 (31.6) | 43 (91.5) | 259 (62.7) | 62 (9.0) | <0.001c |
| Urine culture ≥1 | 256 (22.2) | 31 (66.0) | 163 (39.5) | 62 (9.0) | <0.001c |
| Other cultures ≥1 | 231 (20.1) | 20 (42.6) | 167 (40.4) | 44 (6.4) | <0.001c |
| Culture reports, n (%) | |||||
| ≥1 Negative culture | 428 (37.2) | 39 (83.0) | 281 (68.0) | 108 (15.6) | <0.001d |
| ≥1 Positive culture | 268 (23.3) | 33 (70.2) | 206 (49.9) | 29 (4.2) | <0.001d |
| ≥1 Gram-negative bacteria | 145 (12.6) | 17 (36.2) | 110 (26.6) | 10 (1.4) | <0.001e |
| ≥1 Gram-positive bacteria | 75 (6.5) | 11 (23.4) | 46 (11.1) | 5 (0.7) | <0.001e |
| ≥1 Fungi | 20 (1.7) | 2 (12.8) | 12 (2.9) | 2 (0.3) | <0.001e |
| All multiresistant bacteria ≥1 (MRSA, ESBL, KPC) | 35 (3.0) | 2 (4.3) | 29 (7.0) | 4 (0.6) | <0.001f |
ml, milliliter; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; ESBL, extended spectrum β-lactamases; KPC, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase.
This patient did not have information related to infection or antibiotic administration but was diagnosed with sepsis based on a review of the electronic health record.
Two cells (33.3%) had expected count <5; the minimum expected count is 0.41.
Chi-square calculated based on dichotomized variable ≥1 blood, urine and other culture and no culture; no culture is not reported.
Chi-square calculated based on dichotomized variable ≥1 positive, negative and no culture; no culture is not reported.
Chi-square calculated based on dichotomized variable ≥1 microbe and no microbe; no microbe is not reported.
Chi-square calculated based on dichotomized variable ≥1 multiresistant bacteria and no multiresistant bacteria; no multiresistant bacteria is not reported.
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