Progression of Low- to High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (SILs), and Its Determinants, Among 114 Participants With a Maximum Diagnosis of Low-Grade SIL at Baselinea
| Characteristics . | Univariable Logistic Regression . | . | Multivariable Logistic Regression . | . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | OR (95% CI) . | P Value . | aOR (95% CI) . | P Value . |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 0.88b (.54–1.43) | .60 | 0.86b (.50–1.47) | .59 |
| Age category | ||||
| <45 y | Reference | .11 | … | … |
| 45–54 y | 0.31 (.10–.97) | … | ||
| ≥55 y | 0.41 (.13–1.31) | … | ||
| Smoking statusc | ||||
| Never | Reference | .87 | … | … |
| Previous | 1.50 (.28–8.04) | … | ||
| Current | 1.25 (.35–4.50) | … | ||
| HIV-related characteristics | ||||
| Current cART | ||||
| No | ND | … | … | … |
| Yes | ND | … | ||
| cART duration, median (IQR), yd | 0.59e (.20–1.75) | .34 | … | … |
| cART durationd | ||||
| <5 y | Reference | .31 | … | … |
| 5–9.99 y | 0.91 (.30–2.81) | … | ||
| ≥10 y | 0.36 (.09–1.44) | … | ||
| Time living with viral suppression, median (IQR), yf | 0.56g (.17–1.82) | .33 | 1.52g (.40–5.82) | .54 |
| Time living with viral suppressionf | ||||
| <5 y | Reference | .24 | … | … |
| 5–9.99 y | 1.10 (.34–3.54) | … | ||
| ≥10 y | 0.30 (.06–1.44) | … | ||
| Nadir CD4 cell count, median (IQR), cells/μLf | 0.97h (.66–1.43) | .87 | 1.17h (.73–1.87) | .51 |
| Nadir CD4 cell countf | ||||
| <200/μL | Reference | .51 | … | … |
| 200–349/μL | 1.60 (.57–4.53) | … | ||
| ≥350/μL | 0.72 (.14–3.65) | … | ||
| CD4 cell count at 1st HRA, median (IQR), cells/μLf | 0.76i (.61–.96) | .02 | 0.74i (.56–.97) | .03 |
| CD4 cell count at 1st HRAf | ||||
| <500/μL | Reference | .04 | … | … |
| ≥500/μL | 0.30 (.10–.93) | … | ||
| HIV plasma viral load at 1st HRAb | ||||
| <50 copies/mL | Reference | .95 | … | … |
| ≥50 copies/mL | 0.95 (.21–4.23) | … | ||
| Any history of AIDS-defining illness | ||||
| No | Reference | .10 | Reference | .32 |
| Yes | 0.27 (.06–1.28) | 0.44 (.09–2.17) |
| Characteristics . | Univariable Logistic Regression . | . | Multivariable Logistic Regression . | . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | OR (95% CI) . | P Value . | aOR (95% CI) . | P Value . |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 0.88b (.54–1.43) | .60 | 0.86b (.50–1.47) | .59 |
| Age category | ||||
| <45 y | Reference | .11 | … | … |
| 45–54 y | 0.31 (.10–.97) | … | ||
| ≥55 y | 0.41 (.13–1.31) | … | ||
| Smoking statusc | ||||
| Never | Reference | .87 | … | … |
| Previous | 1.50 (.28–8.04) | … | ||
| Current | 1.25 (.35–4.50) | … | ||
| HIV-related characteristics | ||||
| Current cART | ||||
| No | ND | … | … | … |
| Yes | ND | … | ||
| cART duration, median (IQR), yd | 0.59e (.20–1.75) | .34 | … | … |
| cART durationd | ||||
| <5 y | Reference | .31 | … | … |
| 5–9.99 y | 0.91 (.30–2.81) | … | ||
| ≥10 y | 0.36 (.09–1.44) | … | ||
| Time living with viral suppression, median (IQR), yf | 0.56g (.17–1.82) | .33 | 1.52g (.40–5.82) | .54 |
| Time living with viral suppressionf | ||||
| <5 y | Reference | .24 | … | … |
| 5–9.99 y | 1.10 (.34–3.54) | … | ||
| ≥10 y | 0.30 (.06–1.44) | … | ||
| Nadir CD4 cell count, median (IQR), cells/μLf | 0.97h (.66–1.43) | .87 | 1.17h (.73–1.87) | .51 |
| Nadir CD4 cell countf | ||||
| <200/μL | Reference | .51 | … | … |
| 200–349/μL | 1.60 (.57–4.53) | … | ||
| ≥350/μL | 0.72 (.14–3.65) | … | ||
| CD4 cell count at 1st HRA, median (IQR), cells/μLf | 0.76i (.61–.96) | .02 | 0.74i (.56–.97) | .03 |
| CD4 cell count at 1st HRAf | ||||
| <500/μL | Reference | .04 | … | … |
| ≥500/μL | 0.30 (.10–.93) | … | ||
| HIV plasma viral load at 1st HRAb | ||||
| <50 copies/mL | Reference | .95 | … | … |
| ≥50 copies/mL | 0.95 (.21–4.23) | … | ||
| Any history of AIDS-defining illness | ||||
| No | Reference | .10 | Reference | .32 |
| Yes | 0.27 (.06–1.28) | 0.44 (.09–2.17) |
Abbreviations: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HRA, high-resolution anoscopy; IQR, interquartile range; ND, not done; OR, odds ratio; SD, standard deviation.
aResults of a multilevel logistic regression model, with the clinic as a random effect and corrected for multiple measurements within participants. Of 177 lesions, 29 progressed.
bOR per 10-year increase in age.
cData missing in 7 participants.
dData missing in 4 participants.
eOR per 10-year increase in duration of cART.
fData missing in 1 participant.
gOR per 10-year increase in duration of viral suppression.
hOR per 100-cell increase in nadir CD4 cell count.
iOR per 100-cell increase in CD4 cell count.
Progression of Low- to High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (SILs), and Its Determinants, Among 114 Participants With a Maximum Diagnosis of Low-Grade SIL at Baselinea
| Characteristics . | Univariable Logistic Regression . | . | Multivariable Logistic Regression . | . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | OR (95% CI) . | P Value . | aOR (95% CI) . | P Value . |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 0.88b (.54–1.43) | .60 | 0.86b (.50–1.47) | .59 |
| Age category | ||||
| <45 y | Reference | .11 | … | … |
| 45–54 y | 0.31 (.10–.97) | … | ||
| ≥55 y | 0.41 (.13–1.31) | … | ||
| Smoking statusc | ||||
| Never | Reference | .87 | … | … |
| Previous | 1.50 (.28–8.04) | … | ||
| Current | 1.25 (.35–4.50) | … | ||
| HIV-related characteristics | ||||
| Current cART | ||||
| No | ND | … | … | … |
| Yes | ND | … | ||
| cART duration, median (IQR), yd | 0.59e (.20–1.75) | .34 | … | … |
| cART durationd | ||||
| <5 y | Reference | .31 | … | … |
| 5–9.99 y | 0.91 (.30–2.81) | … | ||
| ≥10 y | 0.36 (.09–1.44) | … | ||
| Time living with viral suppression, median (IQR), yf | 0.56g (.17–1.82) | .33 | 1.52g (.40–5.82) | .54 |
| Time living with viral suppressionf | ||||
| <5 y | Reference | .24 | … | … |
| 5–9.99 y | 1.10 (.34–3.54) | … | ||
| ≥10 y | 0.30 (.06–1.44) | … | ||
| Nadir CD4 cell count, median (IQR), cells/μLf | 0.97h (.66–1.43) | .87 | 1.17h (.73–1.87) | .51 |
| Nadir CD4 cell countf | ||||
| <200/μL | Reference | .51 | … | … |
| 200–349/μL | 1.60 (.57–4.53) | … | ||
| ≥350/μL | 0.72 (.14–3.65) | … | ||
| CD4 cell count at 1st HRA, median (IQR), cells/μLf | 0.76i (.61–.96) | .02 | 0.74i (.56–.97) | .03 |
| CD4 cell count at 1st HRAf | ||||
| <500/μL | Reference | .04 | … | … |
| ≥500/μL | 0.30 (.10–.93) | … | ||
| HIV plasma viral load at 1st HRAb | ||||
| <50 copies/mL | Reference | .95 | … | … |
| ≥50 copies/mL | 0.95 (.21–4.23) | … | ||
| Any history of AIDS-defining illness | ||||
| No | Reference | .10 | Reference | .32 |
| Yes | 0.27 (.06–1.28) | 0.44 (.09–2.17) |
| Characteristics . | Univariable Logistic Regression . | . | Multivariable Logistic Regression . | . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | OR (95% CI) . | P Value . | aOR (95% CI) . | P Value . |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 0.88b (.54–1.43) | .60 | 0.86b (.50–1.47) | .59 |
| Age category | ||||
| <45 y | Reference | .11 | … | … |
| 45–54 y | 0.31 (.10–.97) | … | ||
| ≥55 y | 0.41 (.13–1.31) | … | ||
| Smoking statusc | ||||
| Never | Reference | .87 | … | … |
| Previous | 1.50 (.28–8.04) | … | ||
| Current | 1.25 (.35–4.50) | … | ||
| HIV-related characteristics | ||||
| Current cART | ||||
| No | ND | … | … | … |
| Yes | ND | … | ||
| cART duration, median (IQR), yd | 0.59e (.20–1.75) | .34 | … | … |
| cART durationd | ||||
| <5 y | Reference | .31 | … | … |
| 5–9.99 y | 0.91 (.30–2.81) | … | ||
| ≥10 y | 0.36 (.09–1.44) | … | ||
| Time living with viral suppression, median (IQR), yf | 0.56g (.17–1.82) | .33 | 1.52g (.40–5.82) | .54 |
| Time living with viral suppressionf | ||||
| <5 y | Reference | .24 | … | … |
| 5–9.99 y | 1.10 (.34–3.54) | … | ||
| ≥10 y | 0.30 (.06–1.44) | … | ||
| Nadir CD4 cell count, median (IQR), cells/μLf | 0.97h (.66–1.43) | .87 | 1.17h (.73–1.87) | .51 |
| Nadir CD4 cell countf | ||||
| <200/μL | Reference | .51 | … | … |
| 200–349/μL | 1.60 (.57–4.53) | … | ||
| ≥350/μL | 0.72 (.14–3.65) | … | ||
| CD4 cell count at 1st HRA, median (IQR), cells/μLf | 0.76i (.61–.96) | .02 | 0.74i (.56–.97) | .03 |
| CD4 cell count at 1st HRAf | ||||
| <500/μL | Reference | .04 | … | … |
| ≥500/μL | 0.30 (.10–.93) | … | ||
| HIV plasma viral load at 1st HRAb | ||||
| <50 copies/mL | Reference | .95 | … | … |
| ≥50 copies/mL | 0.95 (.21–4.23) | … | ||
| Any history of AIDS-defining illness | ||||
| No | Reference | .10 | Reference | .32 |
| Yes | 0.27 (.06–1.28) | 0.44 (.09–2.17) |
Abbreviations: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HRA, high-resolution anoscopy; IQR, interquartile range; ND, not done; OR, odds ratio; SD, standard deviation.
aResults of a multilevel logistic regression model, with the clinic as a random effect and corrected for multiple measurements within participants. Of 177 lesions, 29 progressed.
bOR per 10-year increase in age.
cData missing in 7 participants.
dData missing in 4 participants.
eOR per 10-year increase in duration of cART.
fData missing in 1 participant.
gOR per 10-year increase in duration of viral suppression.
hOR per 100-cell increase in nadir CD4 cell count.
iOR per 100-cell increase in CD4 cell count.
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