Table 17. Open in new tab Effects of...

				RAC dose
Baseline	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	7.38^a	7.36^ab	7.35^b	–	–
Baseline	Puls et al., 2015	144	28	7.38	–	–	7.37	–
Baseline	Puls et al., 2013	180	21	NS¹	NS	NS	–	–
Baseline	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)	128	28	7.40	–	–	–	7.40
Baseline	Dorton et al., 2006 (phase 3 and 4)	18	4	7.39	–	–	–	7.37
Baseline	Dorton et al., 2006 (phase 5 and 6)	18	4	7.42	–	–	–	7.38
Baseline	Miller, unpublished data²	160	31	7.37	–	–	–	7.35
Baseline	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)³	72	31	–	7.37	–	–	7.39
Baseline	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #2)^x	56	24	7.41	–	–	–	7.41
Post-handling	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	7.27	7.26	7.26	–	–
Post-handling	Puls et al., 2015	144	28	7.30	–	–	7.29	–
Post-handling	Puls et al., 2013	180	21	NS	NS	NS	–	–
Post-handling	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)⁴	128	28	7.31^a	–	–	–	7.23^b
Post-handling	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	7.28^a	–	–	–	7.24^b
Post-handling	Miller, unpublished data^4,5	160	31	7.19^a	–	–	–	7.15^b
Post-handling	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)	72	31	–	7.22	–	–	7.19
1 h Post-handling	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	7.40	–	–	–	7.40
2 h Post-handling	Miller, unpublished data	160	31	7.40^a	–	–	–	7.38^b
2 h Post-handling	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)	72	31	–	7.36	–	–	7.38
Handling to Stunner	Gillis et al., 2007	284	35	7.40	7.41	–	7.41	–

RAC dose

Sampling time

Authors

Pigs, #

Duration, d

0 mg/kg

5 mg/kg

7.5 mg/kg

10 mg/kg

20 mg/kg

Baseline

Peterson et al., 2015

216

7.38^a

7.36^ab

7.35^b

–

Baseline

Puls et al., 2015

144

7.38

–

7.37

–

Baseline

Puls et al., 2013

180

NS¹

–

Baseline

James et al., 2013 (Study #1)

128

7.40

–

7.40

Baseline

Dorton et al., 2006 (phase 3 and 4)

7.39

–

7.37

Baseline

Dorton et al., 2006 (phase 5 and 6)

7.42

–

7.38

Baseline

Miller, unpublished data²

160

7.37

–

7.35

Baseline

Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)³

–

7.37

–

7.39

Baseline

Ivers, unpublished data (Study #2)^x

7.41

–

7.41

Post-handling

Peterson et al., 2015

216

7.27

7.26

–

Post-handling

Puls et al., 2015

144

7.30

–

7.29

–

Post-handling

Puls et al., 2013

180

–

Post-handling

James et al., 2013 (Study #1)⁴

128

7.31^a

–

7.23^b

Post-handling

James et al., 2013 (Study #2)

128

7.28^a

–

7.24^b

Post-handling

Miller, unpublished data^4,5

160

7.19^a

–

7.15^b

Post-handling

Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)

–

7.22

–

7.19

1 h Post-handling

James et al., 2013 (Study #2)

128

7.40

–

7.40

2 h Post-handling

Miller, unpublished data

160

7.40^a

–

7.38^b

2 h Post-handling

Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)

–

7.36

–

7.38

Handling to Stunner

Gillis et al., 2007

284

7.40

7.41

–

7.41

–

				RAC dose
Baseline	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	7.38^a	7.36^ab	7.35^b	–	–
Baseline	Puls et al., 2015	144	28	7.38	–	–	7.37	–
Baseline	Puls et al., 2013	180	21	NS¹	NS	NS	–	–
Baseline	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)	128	28	7.40	–	–	–	7.40
Baseline	Dorton et al., 2006 (phase 3 and 4)	18	4	7.39	–	–	–	7.37
Baseline	Dorton et al., 2006 (phase 5 and 6)	18	4	7.42	–	–	–	7.38
Baseline	Miller, unpublished data²	160	31	7.37	–	–	–	7.35
Baseline	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)³	72	31	–	7.37	–	–	7.39
Baseline	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #2)^x	56	24	7.41	–	–	–	7.41
Post-handling	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	7.27	7.26	7.26	–	–
Post-handling	Puls et al., 2015	144	28	7.30	–	–	7.29	–
Post-handling	Puls et al., 2013	180	21	NS	NS	NS	–	–
Post-handling	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)⁴	128	28	7.31^a	–	–	–	7.23^b
Post-handling	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	7.28^a	–	–	–	7.24^b
Post-handling	Miller, unpublished data^4,5	160	31	7.19^a	–	–	–	7.15^b
Post-handling	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)	72	31	–	7.22	–	–	7.19
1 h Post-handling	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	7.40	–	–	–	7.40
2 h Post-handling	Miller, unpublished data	160	31	7.40^a	–	–	–	7.38^b
2 h Post-handling	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)	72	31	–	7.36	–	–	7.38
Handling to Stunner	Gillis et al., 2007	284	35	7.40	7.41	–	7.41	–

Table 17.

Open in new tab

Effects of ractopamine (RAC) dose on whole blood pH of market weight pigs

				RAC dose
Sampling time	Authors	Pigs, #	Duration, d	0 mg/kg	5 mg/kg	7.5 mg/kg	10 mg/kg	20 mg/kg
Baseline	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	7.38^a	7.36^ab	7.35^b	–	–
Baseline	Puls et al., 2015	144	28	7.38	–	–	7.37	–
Baseline	Puls et al., 2013	180	21	NS¹	NS	NS	–	–
Baseline	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)	128	28	7.40	–	–	–	7.40
Baseline	Dorton et al., 2006 (phase 3 and 4)	18	4	7.39	–	–	–	7.37
Baseline	Dorton et al., 2006 (phase 5 and 6)	18	4	7.42	–	–	–	7.38
Baseline	Miller, unpublished data²	160	31	7.37	–	–	–	7.35
Baseline	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)³	72	31	–	7.37	–	–	7.39
Baseline	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #2)^x	56	24	7.41	–	–	–	7.41
Post-handling	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	7.27	7.26	7.26	–	–
Post-handling	Puls et al., 2015	144	28	7.30	–	–	7.29	–
Post-handling	Puls et al., 2013	180	21	NS	NS	NS	–	–
Post-handling	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)⁴	128	28	7.31^a	–	–	–	7.23^b
Post-handling	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	7.28^a	–	–	–	7.24^b
Post-handling	Miller, unpublished data^4,5	160	31	7.19^a	–	–	–	7.15^b
Post-handling	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)	72	31	–	7.22	–	–	7.19
1 h Post-handling	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	7.40	–	–	–	7.40
2 h Post-handling	Miller, unpublished data	160	31	7.40^a	–	–	–	7.38^b
2 h Post-handling	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)	72	31	–	7.36	–	–	7.38
Handling to Stunner	Gillis et al., 2007	284	35	7.40	7.41	–	7.41	–

				RAC dose
Sampling time	Authors	Pigs, #	Duration, d	0 mg/kg	5 mg/kg	7.5 mg/kg	10 mg/kg	20 mg/kg
Baseline	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	7.38^a	7.36^ab	7.35^b	–	–
Baseline	Puls et al., 2015	144	28	7.38	–	–	7.37	–
Baseline	Puls et al., 2013	180	21	NS¹	NS	NS	–	–
Baseline	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)	128	28	7.40	–	–	–	7.40
Baseline	Dorton et al., 2006 (phase 3 and 4)	18	4	7.39	–	–	–	7.37
Baseline	Dorton et al., 2006 (phase 5 and 6)	18	4	7.42	–	–	–	7.38
Baseline	Miller, unpublished data²	160	31	7.37	–	–	–	7.35
Baseline	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)³	72	31	–	7.37	–	–	7.39
Baseline	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #2)^x	56	24	7.41	–	–	–	7.41
Post-handling	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	7.27	7.26	7.26	–	–
Post-handling	Puls et al., 2015	144	28	7.30	–	–	7.29	–
Post-handling	Puls et al., 2013	180	21	NS	NS	NS	–	–
Post-handling	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)⁴	128	28	7.31^a	–	–	–	7.23^b
Post-handling	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	7.28^a	–	–	–	7.24^b
Post-handling	Miller, unpublished data^4,5	160	31	7.19^a	–	–	–	7.15^b
Post-handling	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)	72	31	–	7.22	–	–	7.19
1 h Post-handling	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	7.40	–	–	–	7.40
2 h Post-handling	Miller, unpublished data	160	31	7.40^a	–	–	–	7.38^b
2 h Post-handling	Ivers, unpublished data (Study #1)	72	31	–	7.36	–	–	7.38
Handling to Stunner	Gillis et al., 2007	284	35	7.40	7.41	–	7.41	–

^a,bMeans with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05).

^xData were not statistically analyzed, so only raw treatment means are reported.

¹NS: LS means were not reported by the authors, but treatments did not differ (P > 0.10).

²There was a trend (P < 0.10) for the main effects of RAC.

³20 mg/kg RAC tended (P < 0.10) to have higher blood pH values than 5 mg/kg RAC.

⁴Indicates a RAC × handling method interaction (P < 0.05).

⁵Indicates a RAC × live weight interaction (P < 0.05).

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