Table 15. Open in new tab Effects of...

						RAC dose
Baseline	Plasma	ng/mL	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	33.4	33.0	30.9	–	–
Baseline	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)	128	28	13.9	–	–	–	14.6
Baseline	Plasma	ng/mL	Marchant-Forde et al., 2003	72	28	45.5	–	–	40.9	–
Post-handling	Plasma	ng/mL	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	42.8	51.4	51.2	–	–
Post-handling	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)¹	128	28	44.2^a	–	–	–	50.7^b
Post-handling	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	39.5	–	–	–	43.1
1 h Post-handling	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	40.1	–	–	–	46.6
Post-transport	Plasma	ng/mL	Marchant-Forde et al., 2003²	72	28	64.6	–	–	71.5	–
Exsanguination	Plasma	ng/mL	Athayde et al., 2013	90	28	63.5	80.2	–	76.6	–
Exsanguination	Urine	Log₁₀	Rocha et al., 2013	239	28	1.52	–	1.52	–	–

RAC dose

Sampling time

Samples evaluated

Units of measure

Authors

Pigs, #

Duration, d

0 mg/kg

5 mg/kg

7.5 mg/kg

10 mg/kg

20 mg/kg

Baseline

Plasma

ng/mL

Peterson et al., 2015

216

33.4

33.0

30.9

–

Baseline

Whole blood

ng/mL

James et al., 2013 (Study #1)

128

13.9

–

14.6

Baseline

Plasma

ng/mL

Marchant-Forde et al., 2003

45.5

–

40.9

–

Post-handling

Plasma

ng/mL

Peterson et al., 2015

216

42.8

51.4

51.2

–

Post-handling

Whole blood

ng/mL

James et al., 2013 (Study #1)¹

128

44.2^a

–

50.7^b

Post-handling

Whole blood

ng/mL

James et al., 2013 (Study #2)

128

39.5

–

43.1

1 h Post-handling

Whole blood

ng/mL

James et al., 2013 (Study #2)

128

40.1

–

46.6

Post-transport

Plasma

ng/mL

Marchant-Forde et al., 2003²

64.6

–

71.5

–

Exsanguination

Plasma

ng/mL

Athayde et al., 2013

63.5

80.2

–

76.6

–

Exsanguination

Urine

Log₁₀

Rocha et al., 2013

239

1.52

–

1.52

–

						RAC dose
Baseline	Plasma	ng/mL	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	33.4	33.0	30.9	–	–
Baseline	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)	128	28	13.9	–	–	–	14.6
Baseline	Plasma	ng/mL	Marchant-Forde et al., 2003	72	28	45.5	–	–	40.9	–
Post-handling	Plasma	ng/mL	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	42.8	51.4	51.2	–	–
Post-handling	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)¹	128	28	44.2^a	–	–	–	50.7^b
Post-handling	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	39.5	–	–	–	43.1
1 h Post-handling	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	40.1	–	–	–	46.6
Post-transport	Plasma	ng/mL	Marchant-Forde et al., 2003²	72	28	64.6	–	–	71.5	–
Exsanguination	Plasma	ng/mL	Athayde et al., 2013	90	28	63.5	80.2	–	76.6	–
Exsanguination	Urine	Log₁₀	Rocha et al., 2013	239	28	1.52	–	1.52	–	–

Table 15.

Open in new tab

Effects of ractopamine (RAC) dose on cortisol concentrations in market weight pigs

						RAC dose
Sampling time	Samples evaluated	Units of measure	Authors	Pigs, #	Duration, d	0 mg/kg	5 mg/kg	7.5 mg/kg	10 mg/kg	20 mg/kg
Baseline	Plasma	ng/mL	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	33.4	33.0	30.9	–	–
Baseline	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)	128	28	13.9	–	–	–	14.6
Baseline	Plasma	ng/mL	Marchant-Forde et al., 2003	72	28	45.5	–	–	40.9	–
Post-handling	Plasma	ng/mL	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	42.8	51.4	51.2	–	–
Post-handling	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)¹	128	28	44.2^a	–	–	–	50.7^b
Post-handling	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	39.5	–	–	–	43.1
1 h Post-handling	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	40.1	–	–	–	46.6
Post-transport	Plasma	ng/mL	Marchant-Forde et al., 2003²	72	28	64.6	–	–	71.5	–
Exsanguination	Plasma	ng/mL	Athayde et al., 2013	90	28	63.5	80.2	–	76.6	–
Exsanguination	Urine	Log₁₀	Rocha et al., 2013	239	28	1.52	–	1.52	–	–

						RAC dose
Sampling time	Samples evaluated	Units of measure	Authors	Pigs, #	Duration, d	0 mg/kg	5 mg/kg	7.5 mg/kg	10 mg/kg	20 mg/kg
Baseline	Plasma	ng/mL	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	33.4	33.0	30.9	–	–
Baseline	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)	128	28	13.9	–	–	–	14.6
Baseline	Plasma	ng/mL	Marchant-Forde et al., 2003	72	28	45.5	–	–	40.9	–
Post-handling	Plasma	ng/mL	Peterson et al., 2015	216	28	42.8	51.4	51.2	–	–
Post-handling	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #1)¹	128	28	44.2^a	–	–	–	50.7^b
Post-handling	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	39.5	–	–	–	43.1
1 h Post-handling	Whole blood	ng/mL	James et al., 2013 (Study #2)	128	28	40.1	–	–	–	46.6
Post-transport	Plasma	ng/mL	Marchant-Forde et al., 2003²	72	28	64.6	–	–	71.5	–
Exsanguination	Plasma	ng/mL	Athayde et al., 2013	90	28	63.5	80.2	–	76.6	–
Exsanguination	Urine	Log₁₀	Rocha et al., 2013	239	28	1.52	–	1.52	–	–

^a,bMeans with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05).

¹Indicates a RAC × handling intensity (gentle vs. aggressive) interaction (P < 0.05).

²Sample was collected during exsanguination and reported as post-transport Cortisol.

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