| Subgroup . | Total no. . | Insomnia severity index week 8 change from baseline, mean (95% CI) . | Difference between treatments at week 8,* mean (95% CI) . | P† . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acupuncture . | CBT-I . | Acupuncture versus CBT-I . | |||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 69 | −8.03 (−9.69 to −6.37) | −11.94 (−13.73 to −10.15) | 3.91 (1.46 to 6.36) | <.001 |
| Female | 91 | −8.56 (−10.00 to −7.12) | −10.21 (−11.59 to −8.83) | 1.66 (−0.34 to 3.66) | .20 |
| Race | |||||
| White | 113 | −7.92 (−9.15 to −6.69) | −10.88 (−12.21 to −9.55) | 2.95 (1.13 to 4.77) | .003 |
| Non-white | 47 | −9.60 (−11.97 to −7.22) | −10.90 (−12.95 to −8.85) | 1.30 (−1.84 to 4.41) | .70 |
| Education | |||||
| Some college or less | 45 | −11.72 (−13.77 to −9.67) | −11.76 (−13.94 to −9.58) | 0.05 (−2.93 to 3.02) | .75 |
| College or graduate | 115 | −7.06 (−8.31 to −5.81) | −10.59 (−11.84 to −9.34) | 3.54 (1.76 to 5.32) | <.001 |
| Baseline Brief Pain Inventory Worst pain | |||||
| <4 | 90 | −6.83 (−8.20 to −5.46) | −10.53 (−11.90 to −9.16) | 3.70 (1.77 to 5.63) | <.001 |
| ≥4 | 70 | −10.32 (−12.03 to −8.61) | −11.33 (−13.08 to −9.58) | 1.01 (−1.44 to 3.45) | .59 |
| Subgroup . | Total no. . | Insomnia severity index week 8 change from baseline, mean (95% CI) . | Difference between treatments at week 8,* mean (95% CI) . | P† . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acupuncture . | CBT-I . | Acupuncture versus CBT-I . | |||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 69 | −8.03 (−9.69 to −6.37) | −11.94 (−13.73 to −10.15) | 3.91 (1.46 to 6.36) | <.001 |
| Female | 91 | −8.56 (−10.00 to −7.12) | −10.21 (−11.59 to −8.83) | 1.66 (−0.34 to 3.66) | .20 |
| Race | |||||
| White | 113 | −7.92 (−9.15 to −6.69) | −10.88 (−12.21 to −9.55) | 2.95 (1.13 to 4.77) | .003 |
| Non-white | 47 | −9.60 (−11.97 to −7.22) | −10.90 (−12.95 to −8.85) | 1.30 (−1.84 to 4.41) | .70 |
| Education | |||||
| Some college or less | 45 | −11.72 (−13.77 to −9.67) | −11.76 (−13.94 to −9.58) | 0.05 (−2.93 to 3.02) | .75 |
| College or graduate | 115 | −7.06 (−8.31 to −5.81) | −10.59 (−11.84 to −9.34) | 3.54 (1.76 to 5.32) | <.001 |
| Baseline Brief Pain Inventory Worst pain | |||||
| <4 | 90 | −6.83 (−8.20 to −5.46) | −10.53 (−11.90 to −9.16) | 3.70 (1.77 to 5.63) | <.001 |
| ≥4 | 70 | −10.32 (−12.03 to −8.61) | −11.33 (−13.08 to −9.58) | 1.01 (−1.44 to 3.45) | .59 |
Positive number represents that the Insomnia Severity Index score at week 8 is higher in the acupuncture group than in the CBT-I group. CBT-I = Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia; CI = confidence interval.
Mixed-effect P for treatment and time interaction in each subgroup. All tests were two-sided.
| Subgroup . | Total no. . | Insomnia severity index week 8 change from baseline, mean (95% CI) . | Difference between treatments at week 8,* mean (95% CI) . | P† . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acupuncture . | CBT-I . | Acupuncture versus CBT-I . | |||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 69 | −8.03 (−9.69 to −6.37) | −11.94 (−13.73 to −10.15) | 3.91 (1.46 to 6.36) | <.001 |
| Female | 91 | −8.56 (−10.00 to −7.12) | −10.21 (−11.59 to −8.83) | 1.66 (−0.34 to 3.66) | .20 |
| Race | |||||
| White | 113 | −7.92 (−9.15 to −6.69) | −10.88 (−12.21 to −9.55) | 2.95 (1.13 to 4.77) | .003 |
| Non-white | 47 | −9.60 (−11.97 to −7.22) | −10.90 (−12.95 to −8.85) | 1.30 (−1.84 to 4.41) | .70 |
| Education | |||||
| Some college or less | 45 | −11.72 (−13.77 to −9.67) | −11.76 (−13.94 to −9.58) | 0.05 (−2.93 to 3.02) | .75 |
| College or graduate | 115 | −7.06 (−8.31 to −5.81) | −10.59 (−11.84 to −9.34) | 3.54 (1.76 to 5.32) | <.001 |
| Baseline Brief Pain Inventory Worst pain | |||||
| <4 | 90 | −6.83 (−8.20 to −5.46) | −10.53 (−11.90 to −9.16) | 3.70 (1.77 to 5.63) | <.001 |
| ≥4 | 70 | −10.32 (−12.03 to −8.61) | −11.33 (−13.08 to −9.58) | 1.01 (−1.44 to 3.45) | .59 |
| Subgroup . | Total no. . | Insomnia severity index week 8 change from baseline, mean (95% CI) . | Difference between treatments at week 8,* mean (95% CI) . | P† . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acupuncture . | CBT-I . | Acupuncture versus CBT-I . | |||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 69 | −8.03 (−9.69 to −6.37) | −11.94 (−13.73 to −10.15) | 3.91 (1.46 to 6.36) | <.001 |
| Female | 91 | −8.56 (−10.00 to −7.12) | −10.21 (−11.59 to −8.83) | 1.66 (−0.34 to 3.66) | .20 |
| Race | |||||
| White | 113 | −7.92 (−9.15 to −6.69) | −10.88 (−12.21 to −9.55) | 2.95 (1.13 to 4.77) | .003 |
| Non-white | 47 | −9.60 (−11.97 to −7.22) | −10.90 (−12.95 to −8.85) | 1.30 (−1.84 to 4.41) | .70 |
| Education | |||||
| Some college or less | 45 | −11.72 (−13.77 to −9.67) | −11.76 (−13.94 to −9.58) | 0.05 (−2.93 to 3.02) | .75 |
| College or graduate | 115 | −7.06 (−8.31 to −5.81) | −10.59 (−11.84 to −9.34) | 3.54 (1.76 to 5.32) | <.001 |
| Baseline Brief Pain Inventory Worst pain | |||||
| <4 | 90 | −6.83 (−8.20 to −5.46) | −10.53 (−11.90 to −9.16) | 3.70 (1.77 to 5.63) | <.001 |
| ≥4 | 70 | −10.32 (−12.03 to −8.61) | −11.33 (−13.08 to −9.58) | 1.01 (−1.44 to 3.45) | .59 |
Positive number represents that the Insomnia Severity Index score at week 8 is higher in the acupuncture group than in the CBT-I group. CBT-I = Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia; CI = confidence interval.
Mixed-effect P for treatment and time interaction in each subgroup. All tests were two-sided.
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