| 1. Detect and anticipate changes | Expand the spatial and temporal coverage of surveys and monitoring efforts through facilitating adaptive and flexible surveys, leveraging capacity of fishermen and other stakeholders, and expanding use of advanced sampling technologies Develop early warnings and indicators of change Facilitate coordination across jurisdictional boundaries to improve the integration of data streams and ability to track changes
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| 2. Understand mechanisms of change | Design data collection and experimental approaches that evaluate fishery and survey catchability and selectivity in relation to ambient environmental and habitat conditions Direct more research toward process studies to examine and understand key drivers of stock dynamics Identify and address personnel and training needs to establish the staff capacity needed to address research needs
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| 3. Evaluate risks and priorities | Identify and prioritize the species and regions that are at greatest risk from current and future climate change using Climate Vulnerability and Risk Assessments Use spatial analysis techniques and sensitivity analysis to identify and evaluate the relative importance and magnitude of distribution shifts and changes in productivity
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| 4. Conduct assessments and develop forecasts | Ensure that an ecosystem consideration component is included in the Terms of Reference for conducting and reviewing stock assessments Incorporate spatial, temporal, multispecies, and economic data into stock assessment and other analyses where appropriate Evaluate predictive skill associated with catch recommendations and other forecasts, and incorporate skill metrics into the characterization of uncertainty associated with scientific advice Entertain multiple hypotheses regarding mechanisms and drivers of change through use of multi-model approaches (e.g. ensemble modelling) when competing hypotheses cannot be reconciled
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| 5. Communicate scientific advice | Develop standardized templates to report information on ecosystem dynamics, species distributions, and productivity to fishery managers Facilitate communication among scientists, managers, and fisheries stakeholder groups through regular and open dialogue at workshops and/or debriefs to share and discuss issues and recommendations related to climate impacts on fisheries Include decision support tools in stock assessment reports to quantify and present trade-offs, risks, and uncertainties associated with various plausible management scenarios and states of nature
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| 6. Manage fisheries under changing conditions | Consider population resilience, age structure, and genetic diversity when making management decisions Plan for future scenarios by using results from risk assessments and examining candidate management procedures using structured scenario planning, holistic ecosystem models, and/or MSE Use distribution analyses and projections to plan in advance for emerging fisheries Evaluate time and area closures, adjusting where needed to reflect current and predicted distributions and habitat needs of managed stocks Develop HCRs that are responsive to, and account for, changing conditions
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