Chains of inference of clades with significant D_c or D_n values. D_c is the average geographic distance of each individual in a clade to the geographic center of all individuals in that particular clade. D_n measures how far the geographic center of a particular clade is to the geographic center of all clades nested at the same level. Letters and numbers under “Inference chain” indicate responses to questions in the inference key of Templeton (2004). For example, for the total cladogram, the answer to question one is no, to question two is yes, to question three is no, to question four is no. As a result, for this clade the inferred pattern from the inference key is “restricted gene flow with isolation by distance.”