Table 3. Open in new tab South...

Chron	Lat.	Long.	Ω	Scaled covariances
1n	9.53	−56.96	−0.104	0.8	−0.1	0.2	0.4	−0.5	0.6
2n	10.55	−57.15	−0.242	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.4	−0.6	0.7
2An.1	11.35	−57.21	−0.357	1.0	0.0	−0.1	0.5	−0.7	0.9
2An.3	12.57	−57.04	−0.512	1.2	0.1	−0.3	0.6	−0.8	1.2
3n.1	13.21	−56.87	−0.606	1.4	0.2	−0.5	0.7	−0.9	1.4
3n.4	14.04	−56.55	−0.776	1.6	0.4	−0.9	0.8	−1.2	1.9
3An.1	14.48	−56.30	−0.907	2.0	0.5	−1.0	1.0	−1.5	2.5
3An.2	15.10	−56.02	−1.033	2.3	0.5	−1.2	1.2	−1.7	3.0
4n.1	15.49	−55.75	−1.186	2.7	0.5	−1.2	1.1	−1.7	3.3
4n.2	15.51	−55.62	−1.300	3.3	0.4	−1.0	1.2	−1.8	3.7
4A	15.50	−55.41	−1.498	5.0	0.3	−0.7	1.5	−2.2	5.1
5n.1	15.55	−55.27	−1.637	6.8	0.3	−0.3	1.9	−2.7	6.7
5n.2	16.14	−54.97	−1.911	10.3	0.4	−0.4	2.8	−3.9	10.3
5An.2	17.47	−54.72	−2.246	13.9	1.0	−1.2	3.6	−5.4	14.3
5AC	18.05	−54.82	−2.536	16.9	1.7	−1.0	3.8	−5.8	16.3
5AD	17.75	−55.15	−2.712	19.7	1.5	1.2	3.6	−5.3	16.3
5Cn.1	17.37	−55.75	−2.958	20.9	−0.5	3.1	3.2	−5.3	15.4
5D	17.24	−56.15	−3.175	20.0	−2.0	3.2	3.2	−5.7	14.8
5E	17.36	−56.30	−3.318	19.8	−2.6	3.0	3.3	−6.0	14.7
6ny	17.57	−56.36	−3.438	21.9	−3.5	4.1	3.8	−6.9	16.5
6no	17.98	−56.42	−3.582	25.4	−6.5	6.4	6.9	−11.1	21.9

Chron

Lat.

Long.

Scaled covariances

(°N)

(°E)

(degrees)

9.53

−56.96

−0.104

0.8

−0.1

0.2

0.4

−0.5

0.6

10.55

−57.15

−0.242

0.9

0.0

0.4

−0.6

0.7

2An.1

11.35

−57.21

−0.357

1.0

0.0

−0.1

0.5

−0.7

0.9

2An.3

12.57

−57.04

−0.512

1.2

0.1

−0.3

0.6

−0.8

1.2

3n.1

13.21

−56.87

−0.606

1.4

0.2

−0.5

0.7

−0.9

1.4

3n.4

14.04

−56.55

−0.776

1.6

0.4

−0.9

0.8

−1.2

1.9

3An.1

14.48

−56.30

−0.907

2.0

0.5

−1.0

1.0

−1.5

2.5

3An.2

15.10

−56.02

−1.033

2.3

0.5

−1.2

1.2

−1.7

3.0

4n.1

15.49

−55.75

−1.186

2.7

0.5

−1.2

1.1

−1.7

3.3

4n.2

15.51

−55.62

−1.300

3.3

0.4

−1.0

1.2

−1.8

3.7

15.50

−55.41

−1.498

5.0

0.3

−0.7

1.5

−2.2

5.1

5n.1

15.55

−55.27

−1.637

6.8

0.3

−0.3

1.9

−2.7

6.7

5n.2

16.14

−54.97

−1.911

10.3

0.4

−0.4

2.8

−3.9

10.3

5An.2

17.47

−54.72

−2.246

13.9

1.0

−1.2

3.6

−5.4

14.3

5AC

18.05

−54.82

−2.536

16.9

1.7

−1.0

3.8

−5.8

16.3

5AD

17.75

−55.15

−2.712

19.7

1.5

1.2

3.6

−5.3

16.3

5Cn.1

17.37

−55.75

−2.958

20.9

−0.5

3.1

3.2

−5.3

15.4

17.24

−56.15

−3.175

20.0

−2.0

3.2

−5.7

14.8

17.36

−56.30

−3.318

19.8

−2.6

3.0

3.3

−6.0

14.7

6ny

17.57

−56.36

−3.438

21.9

−3.5

4.1

3.8

−6.9

16.5

6no

17.98

−56.42

−3.582

25.4

−6.5

6.4

6.9

−11.1

21.9

Chron	Lat.	Long.	Ω	Scaled covariances
1n	9.53	−56.96	−0.104	0.8	−0.1	0.2	0.4	−0.5	0.6
2n	10.55	−57.15	−0.242	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.4	−0.6	0.7
2An.1	11.35	−57.21	−0.357	1.0	0.0	−0.1	0.5	−0.7	0.9
2An.3	12.57	−57.04	−0.512	1.2	0.1	−0.3	0.6	−0.8	1.2
3n.1	13.21	−56.87	−0.606	1.4	0.2	−0.5	0.7	−0.9	1.4
3n.4	14.04	−56.55	−0.776	1.6	0.4	−0.9	0.8	−1.2	1.9
3An.1	14.48	−56.30	−0.907	2.0	0.5	−1.0	1.0	−1.5	2.5
3An.2	15.10	−56.02	−1.033	2.3	0.5	−1.2	1.2	−1.7	3.0
4n.1	15.49	−55.75	−1.186	2.7	0.5	−1.2	1.1	−1.7	3.3
4n.2	15.51	−55.62	−1.300	3.3	0.4	−1.0	1.2	−1.8	3.7
4A	15.50	−55.41	−1.498	5.0	0.3	−0.7	1.5	−2.2	5.1
5n.1	15.55	−55.27	−1.637	6.8	0.3	−0.3	1.9	−2.7	6.7
5n.2	16.14	−54.97	−1.911	10.3	0.4	−0.4	2.8	−3.9	10.3
5An.2	17.47	−54.72	−2.246	13.9	1.0	−1.2	3.6	−5.4	14.3
5AC	18.05	−54.82	−2.536	16.9	1.7	−1.0	3.8	−5.8	16.3
5AD	17.75	−55.15	−2.712	19.7	1.5	1.2	3.6	−5.3	16.3
5Cn.1	17.37	−55.75	−2.958	20.9	−0.5	3.1	3.2	−5.3	15.4
5D	17.24	−56.15	−3.175	20.0	−2.0	3.2	3.2	−5.7	14.8
5E	17.36	−56.30	−3.318	19.8	−2.6	3.0	3.3	−6.0	14.7
6ny	17.57	−56.36	−3.438	21.9	−3.5	4.1	3.8	−6.9	16.5
6no	17.98	−56.42	−3.582	25.4	−6.5	6.4	6.9	−11.1	21.9

Table 3.

Open in new tab

South America–North America noise-reduced finite rotations.

Chron	Lat.	Long.	Ω	Scaled covariances
	(°N)	(°E)	(degrees)	a	b	c	d	e	f
1n	9.53	−56.96	−0.104	0.8	−0.1	0.2	0.4	−0.5	0.6
2n	10.55	−57.15	−0.242	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.4	−0.6	0.7
2An.1	11.35	−57.21	−0.357	1.0	0.0	−0.1	0.5	−0.7	0.9
2An.3	12.57	−57.04	−0.512	1.2	0.1	−0.3	0.6	−0.8	1.2
3n.1	13.21	−56.87	−0.606	1.4	0.2	−0.5	0.7	−0.9	1.4
3n.4	14.04	−56.55	−0.776	1.6	0.4	−0.9	0.8	−1.2	1.9
3An.1	14.48	−56.30	−0.907	2.0	0.5	−1.0	1.0	−1.5	2.5
3An.2	15.10	−56.02	−1.033	2.3	0.5	−1.2	1.2	−1.7	3.0
4n.1	15.49	−55.75	−1.186	2.7	0.5	−1.2	1.1	−1.7	3.3
4n.2	15.51	−55.62	−1.300	3.3	0.4	−1.0	1.2	−1.8	3.7
4A	15.50	−55.41	−1.498	5.0	0.3	−0.7	1.5	−2.2	5.1
5n.1	15.55	−55.27	−1.637	6.8	0.3	−0.3	1.9	−2.7	6.7
5n.2	16.14	−54.97	−1.911	10.3	0.4	−0.4	2.8	−3.9	10.3
5An.2	17.47	−54.72	−2.246	13.9	1.0	−1.2	3.6	−5.4	14.3
5AC	18.05	−54.82	−2.536	16.9	1.7	−1.0	3.8	−5.8	16.3
5AD	17.75	−55.15	−2.712	19.7	1.5	1.2	3.6	−5.3	16.3
5Cn.1	17.37	−55.75	−2.958	20.9	−0.5	3.1	3.2	−5.3	15.4
5D	17.24	−56.15	−3.175	20.0	−2.0	3.2	3.2	−5.7	14.8
5E	17.36	−56.30	−3.318	19.8	−2.6	3.0	3.3	−6.0	14.7
6ny	17.57	−56.36	−3.438	21.9	−3.5	4.1	3.8	−6.9	16.5
6no	17.98	−56.42	−3.582	25.4	−6.5	6.4	6.9	−11.1	21.9

Chron	Lat.	Long.	Ω	Scaled covariances
	(°N)	(°E)	(degrees)	a	b	c	d	e	f
1n	9.53	−56.96	−0.104	0.8	−0.1	0.2	0.4	−0.5	0.6
2n	10.55	−57.15	−0.242	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.4	−0.6	0.7
2An.1	11.35	−57.21	−0.357	1.0	0.0	−0.1	0.5	−0.7	0.9
2An.3	12.57	−57.04	−0.512	1.2	0.1	−0.3	0.6	−0.8	1.2
3n.1	13.21	−56.87	−0.606	1.4	0.2	−0.5	0.7	−0.9	1.4
3n.4	14.04	−56.55	−0.776	1.6	0.4	−0.9	0.8	−1.2	1.9
3An.1	14.48	−56.30	−0.907	2.0	0.5	−1.0	1.0	−1.5	2.5
3An.2	15.10	−56.02	−1.033	2.3	0.5	−1.2	1.2	−1.7	3.0
4n.1	15.49	−55.75	−1.186	2.7	0.5	−1.2	1.1	−1.7	3.3
4n.2	15.51	−55.62	−1.300	3.3	0.4	−1.0	1.2	−1.8	3.7
4A	15.50	−55.41	−1.498	5.0	0.3	−0.7	1.5	−2.2	5.1
5n.1	15.55	−55.27	−1.637	6.8	0.3	−0.3	1.9	−2.7	6.7
5n.2	16.14	−54.97	−1.911	10.3	0.4	−0.4	2.8	−3.9	10.3
5An.2	17.47	−54.72	−2.246	13.9	1.0	−1.2	3.6	−5.4	14.3
5AC	18.05	−54.82	−2.536	16.9	1.7	−1.0	3.8	−5.8	16.3
5AD	17.75	−55.15	−2.712	19.7	1.5	1.2	3.6	−5.3	16.3
5Cn.1	17.37	−55.75	−2.958	20.9	−0.5	3.1	3.2	−5.3	15.4
5D	17.24	−56.15	−3.175	20.0	−2.0	3.2	3.2	−5.7	14.8
5E	17.36	−56.30	−3.318	19.8	−2.6	3.0	3.3	−6.0	14.7
6ny	17.57	−56.36	−3.438	21.9	−3.5	4.1	3.8	−6.9	16.5
6no	17.98	−56.42	−3.582	25.4	−6.5	6.4	6.9	−11.1	21.9

These finite rotations, which reconstruct the North America plate onto the South America plate, were determined by combining North America–Nubia noise-reduced rotations from DeMets et al. (2015a) with Nubia–South America noise-reduced rotations from Table 1. Rotation angles Ω are positive anticlockwise. The Cartesian rotation covariances, which are tied to the North America plate, specify the 2-D uncertainty in the location of the North America plate upon its rotation onto the South America plate. The covariances, which have units of 10⁻⁸ radians², have been reduced by a factor of 16 so as to approximate the scatter in results obtained from the best-fitting North America–South America rotations. Instructions for reconstructing the covariance matrix are found in the Table 1 footnotes.

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