Table 5. Open in new tab Correlations...

Measure^a	fT4	fT3	TSH
Daily energy intake, kcal/kg/d	−0.09 (−2.71 to 2.54)	0.95	−0.04 (−0.31 to 0.23)	0.77	0.11 (−0.14 to 0.36)	0.39
CHO intake, %	−0.43 (−3.35 to 2.49)	0.77	0.11 (−0.18 to 0.41)	0.46	−0.03 (−0.31 to 0.25)	0.83
Fat intake, %	1.52 (−0.54 to 3.58)	0.15	−0.07 (−0.28 to 0.14)	0.51	−0.03 (−0.23 to 0.17)	0.77
Protein intake, %	0.18 (−1.36 to 1.71)	0.82	−0.08 (−0.23 to 0.08)	0.31	−0.02 (−0.17 to 0.13)	0.78
Daily PAEE, kcal/d
Total	−41.5 (−107.0 to 24.0)	0.21	−0.99 (−7.82 to 5.85)	0.78	0.21 (−6.02 to 6.43)	0.95
Per kg of LBM	−0.62 (−2.04 to 0.79)	0.38	0.03 (−0.11 to 0.18)	0.65	−0.01 (−0.15 to 0.12)	0.85
Light	−6.77 (−20.99 to 7.45)	0.35	−0.83 (−2.29 to 0.62)	0.26	−0.10 (−1.51 to 1.31)	0.89
Moderate/vigorous	−33.3 (−89.1 to 22.6)	0.24	−0.01 (−5.82 to 5.80)	> 0.99	0.59 (−4.67 to 5.86)	0.82
Duration of daily activity, min
Sedentary	−13.7 (−48.8 to 21.5)	0.44	−0.43 (−4.10 to 3.23)	0.82	1.33 (−2.11 to 4.77)	0.44
Light	−4.51 (−21.15 to 12.14)	0.59	−0.39 (−2.08 to 1.30)	0.65	−0.19 (−1.84 to 1.45)	0.82
Moderate/vigorous	−1.80 (−20.87 to 17.27)	0.85	1.17 (−0.79 to 3.14)	0.24	0.16 (−1.67 to 1.99)	0.86
Proportion of time spent in daily activity, %
Sedentary	0.09 (−3.15 to 3.34)	0.95	−0.04 (−0.37 to 0.30)	0.83	0.06 (−0.26 to 0.37)	0.71
Light	0.25 (−1.46 to 1.95)	0.78	−0.04 (−0.21 to 0.14)	0.69	−0.06 (−0.23 to 0.11)	0.49
Moderate/vigorous	−0.24 (−2.17 to 1.70)	0.81	0.08 (−0.12 to 0.28)	0.45	0.00 (−0.18 to 0.18)	0.98

Measure^a

fT4

fT3

TSH

Coefficient^b

P Value^c

Coefficient^b

P Value^c

Coefficient^b

P Value^c

Daily energy intake, kcal/kg/d

−0.09 (−2.71 to 2.54)

0.95

−0.04 (−0.31 to 0.23)

0.77

0.11 (−0.14 to 0.36)

0.39

CHO intake, %

−0.43 (−3.35 to 2.49)

0.77

0.11 (−0.18 to 0.41)

0.46

−0.03 (−0.31 to 0.25)

0.83

Fat intake, %

1.52 (−0.54 to 3.58)

0.15

−0.07 (−0.28 to 0.14)

0.51

−0.03 (−0.23 to 0.17)

0.77

Protein intake, %

0.18 (−1.36 to 1.71)

0.82

−0.08 (−0.23 to 0.08)

0.31

−0.02 (−0.17 to 0.13)

0.78

Daily PAEE, kcal/d

Total

−41.5 (−107.0 to 24.0)

0.21

−0.99 (−7.82 to 5.85)

0.78

0.21 (−6.02 to 6.43)

0.95

Per kg of LBM

−0.62 (−2.04 to 0.79)

0.38

0.03 (−0.11 to 0.18)

0.65

−0.01 (−0.15 to 0.12)

0.85

Light

−6.77 (−20.99 to 7.45)

0.35

−0.83 (−2.29 to 0.62)

0.26

−0.10 (−1.51 to 1.31)

0.89

Moderate/vigorous

−33.3 (−89.1 to 22.6)

0.24

−0.01 (−5.82 to 5.80)

> 0.99

0.59 (−4.67 to 5.86)

0.82

Duration of daily activity, min

Sedentary

−13.7 (−48.8 to 21.5)

0.44

−0.43 (−4.10 to 3.23)

0.82

1.33 (−2.11 to 4.77)

0.44

Light

−4.51 (−21.15 to 12.14)

0.59

−0.39 (−2.08 to 1.30)

0.65

−0.19 (−1.84 to 1.45)

0.82

Moderate/vigorous

−1.80 (−20.87 to 17.27)

0.85

1.17 (−0.79 to 3.14)

0.24

0.16 (−1.67 to 1.99)

0.86

Proportion of time spent in daily activity, %

Sedentary

0.09 (−3.15 to 3.34)

0.95

−0.04 (−0.37 to 0.30)

0.83

0.06 (−0.26 to 0.37)

0.71

Light

0.25 (−1.46 to 1.95)

0.78

−0.04 (−0.21 to 0.14)

0.69

−0.06 (−0.23 to 0.11)

0.49

Moderate/vigorous

−0.24 (−2.17 to 1.70)

0.81

0.08 (−0.12 to 0.28)

0.45

0.00 (−0.18 to 0.18)

0.98

Measure^a	fT4	fT3	TSH
Daily energy intake, kcal/kg/d	−0.09 (−2.71 to 2.54)	0.95	−0.04 (−0.31 to 0.23)	0.77	0.11 (−0.14 to 0.36)	0.39
CHO intake, %	−0.43 (−3.35 to 2.49)	0.77	0.11 (−0.18 to 0.41)	0.46	−0.03 (−0.31 to 0.25)	0.83
Fat intake, %	1.52 (−0.54 to 3.58)	0.15	−0.07 (−0.28 to 0.14)	0.51	−0.03 (−0.23 to 0.17)	0.77
Protein intake, %	0.18 (−1.36 to 1.71)	0.82	−0.08 (−0.23 to 0.08)	0.31	−0.02 (−0.17 to 0.13)	0.78
Daily PAEE, kcal/d
Total	−41.5 (−107.0 to 24.0)	0.21	−0.99 (−7.82 to 5.85)	0.78	0.21 (−6.02 to 6.43)	0.95
Per kg of LBM	−0.62 (−2.04 to 0.79)	0.38	0.03 (−0.11 to 0.18)	0.65	−0.01 (−0.15 to 0.12)	0.85
Light	−6.77 (−20.99 to 7.45)	0.35	−0.83 (−2.29 to 0.62)	0.26	−0.10 (−1.51 to 1.31)	0.89
Moderate/vigorous	−33.3 (−89.1 to 22.6)	0.24	−0.01 (−5.82 to 5.80)	> 0.99	0.59 (−4.67 to 5.86)	0.82
Duration of daily activity, min
Sedentary	−13.7 (−48.8 to 21.5)	0.44	−0.43 (−4.10 to 3.23)	0.82	1.33 (−2.11 to 4.77)	0.44
Light	−4.51 (−21.15 to 12.14)	0.59	−0.39 (−2.08 to 1.30)	0.65	−0.19 (−1.84 to 1.45)	0.82
Moderate/vigorous	−1.80 (−20.87 to 17.27)	0.85	1.17 (−0.79 to 3.14)	0.24	0.16 (−1.67 to 1.99)	0.86
Proportion of time spent in daily activity, %
Sedentary	0.09 (−3.15 to 3.34)	0.95	−0.04 (−0.37 to 0.30)	0.83	0.06 (−0.26 to 0.37)	0.71
Light	0.25 (−1.46 to 1.95)	0.78	−0.04 (−0.21 to 0.14)	0.69	−0.06 (−0.23 to 0.11)	0.49
Moderate/vigorous	−0.24 (−2.17 to 1.70)	0.81	0.08 (−0.12 to 0.28)	0.45	0.00 (−0.18 to 0.18)	0.98

Table 5.

Open in new tab

Correlations Between Changes in Thyroid Hormone Levels and Dietary Intake and Physical Activity at End of Study

Measure^a	fT4		fT3		TSH
Measure^a	Coefficient^b	P Value^c	Coefficient^b	P Value^c	Coefficient^b	P Value^c
Daily energy intake, kcal/kg/d	−0.09 (−2.71 to 2.54)	0.95	−0.04 (−0.31 to 0.23)	0.77	0.11 (−0.14 to 0.36)	0.39
CHO intake, %	−0.43 (−3.35 to 2.49)	0.77	0.11 (−0.18 to 0.41)	0.46	−0.03 (−0.31 to 0.25)	0.83
Fat intake, %	1.52 (−0.54 to 3.58)	0.15	−0.07 (−0.28 to 0.14)	0.51	−0.03 (−0.23 to 0.17)	0.77
Protein intake, %	0.18 (−1.36 to 1.71)	0.82	−0.08 (−0.23 to 0.08)	0.31	−0.02 (−0.17 to 0.13)	0.78
Daily PAEE, kcal/d
Total	−41.5 (−107.0 to 24.0)	0.21	−0.99 (−7.82 to 5.85)	0.78	0.21 (−6.02 to 6.43)	0.95
Per kg of LBM	−0.62 (−2.04 to 0.79)	0.38	0.03 (−0.11 to 0.18)	0.65	−0.01 (−0.15 to 0.12)	0.85
Light	−6.77 (−20.99 to 7.45)	0.35	−0.83 (−2.29 to 0.62)	0.26	−0.10 (−1.51 to 1.31)	0.89
Moderate/vigorous	−33.3 (−89.1 to 22.6)	0.24	−0.01 (−5.82 to 5.80)	> 0.99	0.59 (−4.67 to 5.86)	0.82
Duration of daily activity, min
Sedentary	−13.7 (−48.8 to 21.5)	0.44	−0.43 (−4.10 to 3.23)	0.82	1.33 (−2.11 to 4.77)	0.44
Light	−4.51 (−21.15 to 12.14)	0.59	−0.39 (−2.08 to 1.30)	0.65	−0.19 (−1.84 to 1.45)	0.82
Moderate/vigorous	−1.80 (−20.87 to 17.27)	0.85	1.17 (−0.79 to 3.14)	0.24	0.16 (−1.67 to 1.99)	0.86
Proportion of time spent in daily activity, %
Sedentary	0.09 (−3.15 to 3.34)	0.95	−0.04 (−0.37 to 0.30)	0.83	0.06 (−0.26 to 0.37)	0.71
Light	0.25 (−1.46 to 1.95)	0.78	−0.04 (−0.21 to 0.14)	0.69	−0.06 (−0.23 to 0.11)	0.49
Moderate/vigorous	−0.24 (−2.17 to 1.70)	0.81	0.08 (−0.12 to 0.28)	0.45	0.00 (−0.18 to 0.18)	0.98

Measure^a	fT4		fT3		TSH
Measure^a	Coefficient^b	P Value^c	Coefficient^b	P Value^c	Coefficient^b	P Value^c
Daily energy intake, kcal/kg/d	−0.09 (−2.71 to 2.54)	0.95	−0.04 (−0.31 to 0.23)	0.77	0.11 (−0.14 to 0.36)	0.39
CHO intake, %	−0.43 (−3.35 to 2.49)	0.77	0.11 (−0.18 to 0.41)	0.46	−0.03 (−0.31 to 0.25)	0.83
Fat intake, %	1.52 (−0.54 to 3.58)	0.15	−0.07 (−0.28 to 0.14)	0.51	−0.03 (−0.23 to 0.17)	0.77
Protein intake, %	0.18 (−1.36 to 1.71)	0.82	−0.08 (−0.23 to 0.08)	0.31	−0.02 (−0.17 to 0.13)	0.78
Daily PAEE, kcal/d
Total	−41.5 (−107.0 to 24.0)	0.21	−0.99 (−7.82 to 5.85)	0.78	0.21 (−6.02 to 6.43)	0.95
Per kg of LBM	−0.62 (−2.04 to 0.79)	0.38	0.03 (−0.11 to 0.18)	0.65	−0.01 (−0.15 to 0.12)	0.85
Light	−6.77 (−20.99 to 7.45)	0.35	−0.83 (−2.29 to 0.62)	0.26	−0.10 (−1.51 to 1.31)	0.89
Moderate/vigorous	−33.3 (−89.1 to 22.6)	0.24	−0.01 (−5.82 to 5.80)	> 0.99	0.59 (−4.67 to 5.86)	0.82
Duration of daily activity, min
Sedentary	−13.7 (−48.8 to 21.5)	0.44	−0.43 (−4.10 to 3.23)	0.82	1.33 (−2.11 to 4.77)	0.44
Light	−4.51 (−21.15 to 12.14)	0.59	−0.39 (−2.08 to 1.30)	0.65	−0.19 (−1.84 to 1.45)	0.82
Moderate/vigorous	−1.80 (−20.87 to 17.27)	0.85	1.17 (−0.79 to 3.14)	0.24	0.16 (−1.67 to 1.99)	0.86
Proportion of time spent in daily activity, %
Sedentary	0.09 (−3.15 to 3.34)	0.95	−0.04 (−0.37 to 0.30)	0.83	0.06 (−0.26 to 0.37)	0.71
Light	0.25 (−1.46 to 1.95)	0.78	−0.04 (−0.21 to 0.14)	0.69	−0.06 (−0.23 to 0.11)	0.49
Moderate/vigorous	−0.24 (−2.17 to 1.70)	0.81	0.08 (−0.12 to 0.28)	0.45	0.00 (−0.18 to 0.18)	0.98

Data presented as correlation (95% CI).

Abbreviation: CHO, carbohydrate.

Dietary measures were available for 137 subjects; physical activity measures were available for 134 subjects.

Correlations (95% CIs) were modeled using multiple linear regressions, with separate models for each hormone. Positive coefficients indicate the measure increased with increasing hormone levels, and negative coefficients indicate the measure decreased with increasing hormone levels. The magnitude of the coefficient indicates the estimated change in the outcome for each 1-unit increase in the study change (end of study minus baseline) for fT4 or TSH and a 10-unit increase in the study change for fT3.

P values were adjusted for age, estrogen status, SD of TSH values at all but the first visit, baseline LT4 dose, duration of LT-4, duration of LT4 dose, baseline hormone value, change in hormone value, and baseline value of outcome.

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