| Risk Factor . | No. . | Pneumonia (n = 134) . | No Pneumonia (n = 472) . | P Value (Univariate) . | Multivariate OR (95% CI) . | P Value (Multivariate) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, median (range) | 606 | 58 (3–83) | 54 (1–84) | .01 | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | .016 |
| Time from transplant, y, median (range) | 606 | 2.48 (0.03–30.7) | 3.28 (0.01–40.7) | .87 | ||
| Influenza A (vs B) | 603 | 107/132 (81.1) | 361/471 (76.6) | .28 | ||
| SOT (vs HSCT) | 606 | 98/134 (73.1) | 371/472 (78.6) | .18 | ||
| Lung transplant (vs nonlung) | 606 | 26/116 (22.4) | 90/472 (19.1) | .93 | ||
| Hospital-acquired influenza | 606 | 10/134 (7.5) | 45/472 (9.5) | .46 | ||
| Influenza vaccination in the same season | 543 | 63/119 (52.9) | 306/416 (73.6) | <.001 | 0.34 (.21–.55) | <.001 |
| Prednisone (Y/N) | 606 | 95/134 (70.9) | 308/472 (65.3) | .22 | ||
| Calcineurin inhibitor (Y/N) | 606 | 91/134 (67.9) | 376/472 (79.7) | .004 | 0.50 (.29–.88) | .016 |
| Mycophenolate | 606 | 77/134 (57.5) | 230/472 (48.7) | .074 | 1.69 (1.03–2.74) | .035 |
| Azathioprine | 606 | 8/134 (6.0) | 24/472 (5.1) | .69 | ||
| Sirolimus/everolimus | 606 | 17/134 (12.7) | 42/472 (8.9) | .19 | ||
| ≥2 comorbiditiesa | 602 | 28/131 (21.4) | 65/471 (13.8) | .034 | 1.86 (1.04–3.31) | .035 |
| Hypogammaglobulinemiab (IgG <700 mg/dL) | 251 | 22/47 (46.8) | 64/204 (31.4) | .044 | ||
| Lymphopenia (ALC <1000 cells/µL)c | 509 | 71/116 (61.2) | 212/393 (53.9) | .17 | ||
| Early antiviral therapy | 553 | 30/123 (24.4) | 175/430 (40.7) | .001 | 0.51 (.31–.86) | .011 |
| Risk Factor . | No. . | Pneumonia (n = 134) . | No Pneumonia (n = 472) . | P Value (Univariate) . | Multivariate OR (95% CI) . | P Value (Multivariate) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, median (range) | 606 | 58 (3–83) | 54 (1–84) | .01 | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | .016 |
| Time from transplant, y, median (range) | 606 | 2.48 (0.03–30.7) | 3.28 (0.01–40.7) | .87 | ||
| Influenza A (vs B) | 603 | 107/132 (81.1) | 361/471 (76.6) | .28 | ||
| SOT (vs HSCT) | 606 | 98/134 (73.1) | 371/472 (78.6) | .18 | ||
| Lung transplant (vs nonlung) | 606 | 26/116 (22.4) | 90/472 (19.1) | .93 | ||
| Hospital-acquired influenza | 606 | 10/134 (7.5) | 45/472 (9.5) | .46 | ||
| Influenza vaccination in the same season | 543 | 63/119 (52.9) | 306/416 (73.6) | <.001 | 0.34 (.21–.55) | <.001 |
| Prednisone (Y/N) | 606 | 95/134 (70.9) | 308/472 (65.3) | .22 | ||
| Calcineurin inhibitor (Y/N) | 606 | 91/134 (67.9) | 376/472 (79.7) | .004 | 0.50 (.29–.88) | .016 |
| Mycophenolate | 606 | 77/134 (57.5) | 230/472 (48.7) | .074 | 1.69 (1.03–2.74) | .035 |
| Azathioprine | 606 | 8/134 (6.0) | 24/472 (5.1) | .69 | ||
| Sirolimus/everolimus | 606 | 17/134 (12.7) | 42/472 (8.9) | .19 | ||
| ≥2 comorbiditiesa | 602 | 28/131 (21.4) | 65/471 (13.8) | .034 | 1.86 (1.04–3.31) | .035 |
| Hypogammaglobulinemiab (IgG <700 mg/dL) | 251 | 22/47 (46.8) | 64/204 (31.4) | .044 | ||
| Lymphopenia (ALC <1000 cells/µL)c | 509 | 71/116 (61.2) | 212/393 (53.9) | .17 | ||
| Early antiviral therapy | 553 | 30/123 (24.4) | 175/430 (40.7) | .001 | 0.51 (.31–.86) | .011 |
Data are presented as no./No. (%) unless otherwise indicated. Bold font represents P-values <.05.
Abbreviations: ALC, absolute lymphocyte count; CI, confidence interval; HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; IgG, immunoglobulin G; OR, odds ratio; SOT, solid organ transplantation.
aDiabetes, chronic lung disease (asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) in non–lung transplant patients, chronic kidney insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/minute), obesity (body mass index >30 kg/m2).
bWithin 1 year prior to influenza diagnosis. Excluded from multivariate analysis as only 40.6% of patients had this information available.
cAt presentation.
| Risk Factor . | No. . | Pneumonia (n = 134) . | No Pneumonia (n = 472) . | P Value (Univariate) . | Multivariate OR (95% CI) . | P Value (Multivariate) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, median (range) | 606 | 58 (3–83) | 54 (1–84) | .01 | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | .016 |
| Time from transplant, y, median (range) | 606 | 2.48 (0.03–30.7) | 3.28 (0.01–40.7) | .87 | ||
| Influenza A (vs B) | 603 | 107/132 (81.1) | 361/471 (76.6) | .28 | ||
| SOT (vs HSCT) | 606 | 98/134 (73.1) | 371/472 (78.6) | .18 | ||
| Lung transplant (vs nonlung) | 606 | 26/116 (22.4) | 90/472 (19.1) | .93 | ||
| Hospital-acquired influenza | 606 | 10/134 (7.5) | 45/472 (9.5) | .46 | ||
| Influenza vaccination in the same season | 543 | 63/119 (52.9) | 306/416 (73.6) | <.001 | 0.34 (.21–.55) | <.001 |
| Prednisone (Y/N) | 606 | 95/134 (70.9) | 308/472 (65.3) | .22 | ||
| Calcineurin inhibitor (Y/N) | 606 | 91/134 (67.9) | 376/472 (79.7) | .004 | 0.50 (.29–.88) | .016 |
| Mycophenolate | 606 | 77/134 (57.5) | 230/472 (48.7) | .074 | 1.69 (1.03–2.74) | .035 |
| Azathioprine | 606 | 8/134 (6.0) | 24/472 (5.1) | .69 | ||
| Sirolimus/everolimus | 606 | 17/134 (12.7) | 42/472 (8.9) | .19 | ||
| ≥2 comorbiditiesa | 602 | 28/131 (21.4) | 65/471 (13.8) | .034 | 1.86 (1.04–3.31) | .035 |
| Hypogammaglobulinemiab (IgG <700 mg/dL) | 251 | 22/47 (46.8) | 64/204 (31.4) | .044 | ||
| Lymphopenia (ALC <1000 cells/µL)c | 509 | 71/116 (61.2) | 212/393 (53.9) | .17 | ||
| Early antiviral therapy | 553 | 30/123 (24.4) | 175/430 (40.7) | .001 | 0.51 (.31–.86) | .011 |
| Risk Factor . | No. . | Pneumonia (n = 134) . | No Pneumonia (n = 472) . | P Value (Univariate) . | Multivariate OR (95% CI) . | P Value (Multivariate) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, median (range) | 606 | 58 (3–83) | 54 (1–84) | .01 | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | .016 |
| Time from transplant, y, median (range) | 606 | 2.48 (0.03–30.7) | 3.28 (0.01–40.7) | .87 | ||
| Influenza A (vs B) | 603 | 107/132 (81.1) | 361/471 (76.6) | .28 | ||
| SOT (vs HSCT) | 606 | 98/134 (73.1) | 371/472 (78.6) | .18 | ||
| Lung transplant (vs nonlung) | 606 | 26/116 (22.4) | 90/472 (19.1) | .93 | ||
| Hospital-acquired influenza | 606 | 10/134 (7.5) | 45/472 (9.5) | .46 | ||
| Influenza vaccination in the same season | 543 | 63/119 (52.9) | 306/416 (73.6) | <.001 | 0.34 (.21–.55) | <.001 |
| Prednisone (Y/N) | 606 | 95/134 (70.9) | 308/472 (65.3) | .22 | ||
| Calcineurin inhibitor (Y/N) | 606 | 91/134 (67.9) | 376/472 (79.7) | .004 | 0.50 (.29–.88) | .016 |
| Mycophenolate | 606 | 77/134 (57.5) | 230/472 (48.7) | .074 | 1.69 (1.03–2.74) | .035 |
| Azathioprine | 606 | 8/134 (6.0) | 24/472 (5.1) | .69 | ||
| Sirolimus/everolimus | 606 | 17/134 (12.7) | 42/472 (8.9) | .19 | ||
| ≥2 comorbiditiesa | 602 | 28/131 (21.4) | 65/471 (13.8) | .034 | 1.86 (1.04–3.31) | .035 |
| Hypogammaglobulinemiab (IgG <700 mg/dL) | 251 | 22/47 (46.8) | 64/204 (31.4) | .044 | ||
| Lymphopenia (ALC <1000 cells/µL)c | 509 | 71/116 (61.2) | 212/393 (53.9) | .17 | ||
| Early antiviral therapy | 553 | 30/123 (24.4) | 175/430 (40.7) | .001 | 0.51 (.31–.86) | .011 |
Data are presented as no./No. (%) unless otherwise indicated. Bold font represents P-values <.05.
Abbreviations: ALC, absolute lymphocyte count; CI, confidence interval; HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; IgG, immunoglobulin G; OR, odds ratio; SOT, solid organ transplantation.
aDiabetes, chronic lung disease (asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) in non–lung transplant patients, chronic kidney insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/minute), obesity (body mass index >30 kg/m2).
bWithin 1 year prior to influenza diagnosis. Excluded from multivariate analysis as only 40.6% of patients had this information available.
cAt presentation.
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