| Variables . | Osaka-1 . | Osaka-2 . | Osaka-3 . | Drug Free . | Treatment-Resistant SCZ . | Tokushima . | Chiba . | Total . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . |
| . | n=35 . | n=32 . | n=40 . | n=39 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=39 . | n=37 . | n=22 . | n=22 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=256 . | n=250 . |
| Age (y) | 54.5±5.9 | 57.3±11.9 | 37.8±12.2 | 38±12.3 | 42.3±12.2 | 41.4±11.8 | 35±12 | 35.5±13.1 | 38.1±12.9 | 39.1±13.3 | 52±7.2 | 55.2±6.1 | 32.4±6.2 | 31.9±5.7 | 41.8±12.7 | 42.5±14 |
| Gender (male/ female) | 15/20 | 11/21 | 20/20 | 20/19 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 23/16 | 23/14 | 12/10 | 12/10 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 130/126 | 126/124 |
| Age of onset | 36.1±15.2 | 26.6±11.1 | N/A | 26.6±11.8 | 21.8±8.4 | N/A | 24.8±5.1 | 27.1±11.4 | ||||||||
| Duration of illness | 20.5±15.1 | 11.4±9.9 | N/A | 9.5±7.4 | 17.3±11.2 | N/A | 7.1±4.3 | 12.3±10.8 | ||||||||
| CPZ dose (mg) | 608.8±505.4 | 562.6±398.3 | N/A | 0 | 993.2±236.2 | N/A | N/A | 680.4±442 | ||||||||
| PANSS positive | 18.4±7.3 | 17.1±5.6 | N/A | 20.1±6.5 | 23±4.4 | N/A | N/A | 19.3±6.4 | ||||||||
| PANSS negative | 17.5±7.4 | 19.6±5.6 | N/A | 18.4±6.8 | 25.3±5.5 | N/A | N/A | 19.8±6.8 | ||||||||
| PANSS general | 36.8±12.7 | 42.2±13.1 | N/A | 41.4±14.6 | 53.8±9.3 | N/A | N/A | 42.8±13.8 | ||||||||
| PANSS total | 72.7±25.5 | 79±23.1 | N/A | 79.9±25.8 | 102.1±17.9 | N/A | N/A | 81.9±25.3 | ||||||||
| Variables . | Osaka-1 . | Osaka-2 . | Osaka-3 . | Drug Free . | Treatment-Resistant SCZ . | Tokushima . | Chiba . | Total . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . |
| . | n=35 . | n=32 . | n=40 . | n=39 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=39 . | n=37 . | n=22 . | n=22 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=256 . | n=250 . |
| Age (y) | 54.5±5.9 | 57.3±11.9 | 37.8±12.2 | 38±12.3 | 42.3±12.2 | 41.4±11.8 | 35±12 | 35.5±13.1 | 38.1±12.9 | 39.1±13.3 | 52±7.2 | 55.2±6.1 | 32.4±6.2 | 31.9±5.7 | 41.8±12.7 | 42.5±14 |
| Gender (male/ female) | 15/20 | 11/21 | 20/20 | 20/19 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 23/16 | 23/14 | 12/10 | 12/10 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 130/126 | 126/124 |
| Age of onset | 36.1±15.2 | 26.6±11.1 | N/A | 26.6±11.8 | 21.8±8.4 | N/A | 24.8±5.1 | 27.1±11.4 | ||||||||
| Duration of illness | 20.5±15.1 | 11.4±9.9 | N/A | 9.5±7.4 | 17.3±11.2 | N/A | 7.1±4.3 | 12.3±10.8 | ||||||||
| CPZ dose (mg) | 608.8±505.4 | 562.6±398.3 | N/A | 0 | 993.2±236.2 | N/A | N/A | 680.4±442 | ||||||||
| PANSS positive | 18.4±7.3 | 17.1±5.6 | N/A | 20.1±6.5 | 23±4.4 | N/A | N/A | 19.3±6.4 | ||||||||
| PANSS negative | 17.5±7.4 | 19.6±5.6 | N/A | 18.4±6.8 | 25.3±5.5 | N/A | N/A | 19.8±6.8 | ||||||||
| PANSS general | 36.8±12.7 | 42.2±13.1 | N/A | 41.4±14.6 | 53.8±9.3 | N/A | N/A | 42.8±13.8 | ||||||||
| PANSS total | 72.7±25.5 | 79±23.1 | N/A | 79.9±25.8 | 102.1±17.9 | N/A | N/A | 81.9±25.3 | ||||||||
Abbreviations: CPZ, chlorpromadine; HC, healthy control; NA, not available; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; SCZ, schizophrenia.
The mean±SD is shown.
| Variables . | Osaka-1 . | Osaka-2 . | Osaka-3 . | Drug Free . | Treatment-Resistant SCZ . | Tokushima . | Chiba . | Total . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . |
| . | n=35 . | n=32 . | n=40 . | n=39 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=39 . | n=37 . | n=22 . | n=22 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=256 . | n=250 . |
| Age (y) | 54.5±5.9 | 57.3±11.9 | 37.8±12.2 | 38±12.3 | 42.3±12.2 | 41.4±11.8 | 35±12 | 35.5±13.1 | 38.1±12.9 | 39.1±13.3 | 52±7.2 | 55.2±6.1 | 32.4±6.2 | 31.9±5.7 | 41.8±12.7 | 42.5±14 |
| Gender (male/ female) | 15/20 | 11/21 | 20/20 | 20/19 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 23/16 | 23/14 | 12/10 | 12/10 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 130/126 | 126/124 |
| Age of onset | 36.1±15.2 | 26.6±11.1 | N/A | 26.6±11.8 | 21.8±8.4 | N/A | 24.8±5.1 | 27.1±11.4 | ||||||||
| Duration of illness | 20.5±15.1 | 11.4±9.9 | N/A | 9.5±7.4 | 17.3±11.2 | N/A | 7.1±4.3 | 12.3±10.8 | ||||||||
| CPZ dose (mg) | 608.8±505.4 | 562.6±398.3 | N/A | 0 | 993.2±236.2 | N/A | N/A | 680.4±442 | ||||||||
| PANSS positive | 18.4±7.3 | 17.1±5.6 | N/A | 20.1±6.5 | 23±4.4 | N/A | N/A | 19.3±6.4 | ||||||||
| PANSS negative | 17.5±7.4 | 19.6±5.6 | N/A | 18.4±6.8 | 25.3±5.5 | N/A | N/A | 19.8±6.8 | ||||||||
| PANSS general | 36.8±12.7 | 42.2±13.1 | N/A | 41.4±14.6 | 53.8±9.3 | N/A | N/A | 42.8±13.8 | ||||||||
| PANSS total | 72.7±25.5 | 79±23.1 | N/A | 79.9±25.8 | 102.1±17.9 | N/A | N/A | 81.9±25.3 | ||||||||
| Variables . | Osaka-1 . | Osaka-2 . | Osaka-3 . | Drug Free . | Treatment-Resistant SCZ . | Tokushima . | Chiba . | Total . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . | HC . | SCZ . |
| . | n=35 . | n=32 . | n=40 . | n=39 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=39 . | n=37 . | n=22 . | n=22 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=40 . | n=256 . | n=250 . |
| Age (y) | 54.5±5.9 | 57.3±11.9 | 37.8±12.2 | 38±12.3 | 42.3±12.2 | 41.4±11.8 | 35±12 | 35.5±13.1 | 38.1±12.9 | 39.1±13.3 | 52±7.2 | 55.2±6.1 | 32.4±6.2 | 31.9±5.7 | 41.8±12.7 | 42.5±14 |
| Gender (male/ female) | 15/20 | 11/21 | 20/20 | 20/19 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 23/16 | 23/14 | 12/10 | 12/10 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 20/20 | 130/126 | 126/124 |
| Age of onset | 36.1±15.2 | 26.6±11.1 | N/A | 26.6±11.8 | 21.8±8.4 | N/A | 24.8±5.1 | 27.1±11.4 | ||||||||
| Duration of illness | 20.5±15.1 | 11.4±9.9 | N/A | 9.5±7.4 | 17.3±11.2 | N/A | 7.1±4.3 | 12.3±10.8 | ||||||||
| CPZ dose (mg) | 608.8±505.4 | 562.6±398.3 | N/A | 0 | 993.2±236.2 | N/A | N/A | 680.4±442 | ||||||||
| PANSS positive | 18.4±7.3 | 17.1±5.6 | N/A | 20.1±6.5 | 23±4.4 | N/A | N/A | 19.3±6.4 | ||||||||
| PANSS negative | 17.5±7.4 | 19.6±5.6 | N/A | 18.4±6.8 | 25.3±5.5 | N/A | N/A | 19.8±6.8 | ||||||||
| PANSS general | 36.8±12.7 | 42.2±13.1 | N/A | 41.4±14.6 | 53.8±9.3 | N/A | N/A | 42.8±13.8 | ||||||||
| PANSS total | 72.7±25.5 | 79±23.1 | N/A | 79.9±25.8 | 102.1±17.9 | N/A | N/A | 81.9±25.3 | ||||||||
Abbreviations: CPZ, chlorpromadine; HC, healthy control; NA, not available; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; SCZ, schizophrenia.
The mean±SD is shown.
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