Characteristics of People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and HIV-Negative Participants
| Characteristics . | PLWH . | HIV-Negative . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. | 134 | 79 | |
| Age, y, at baseline | 56 (51–62) | 57 (52–65) | .22 |
| Sex | .79 | ||
| Female | 9 (7) | 6 (8) | |
| Male | 125 (93) | 73 (92) | |
| Ethnicity | .02 | ||
| White | 118 (88) | 77 (97) | |
| Black-African | 16 (12) | 2 (3) | |
| Study site | .31 | ||
| Amsterdam | 75 (63) | 50 (56) | |
| London | 59 (37) | 29 (44) | |
| Scanner system at baselinea | .04 | ||
| Siemens Verio 3T | 59 (44) | 29 (37) | |
| Philips Intera | 46 (34) | 20 (25) | |
| Philips Ingenia | 29 (22) | 30 (38) | |
| Completed follow-up | 123 (92) | 78 (99) | .83 |
| Assessment interval, y | 1.97 (1.77–2.12) | 1.91 (1.76–2.07) | .20 |
| Years of education | 14 (13–16) | 16 (14–16) | .21 |
| Smoking status | .26 | ||
| Current smoker | 40 (30) | 20 (25) | |
| Ex-smoker | 58 (43) | 29 (37) | |
| Never smoked | 36 (27) | 30 (38) | |
| Alcohol consumption, units per week | 5.5 (1.5–15.0) | 7.5 (1.5–17.5) | .37 |
| Use of recreational drugs in past 6 mo | 44 (33) | 18 (23) | .16 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 131 (124–140) | 130 (123–142) | .63 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 85 (78–93) | 84 (77–91) | .55 |
| Total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio | 4.1 (3.4–5.1) | 4.0 (3.5–4.8) | .63 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.6 (22.6–27.4) | 24.6 (23.2–28.4) | .29 |
| Time since HIV diagnosis, y | 15 (9–20) | … | |
| Duration of ART, y | 13 (7–17) | … | |
| Plasma HIV RNA <50 copies/mL | 134 (100) | … | |
| History of clinical AIDS | 42 (31) | … | |
| Nadir CD4+ count, cells/µL | 180 (90–250) | … | |
| CD4+ count, cells/µL | 618 (472–806) | … | |
| CD4+:CD8+ cell count ratio | 0.84 (0.60–1.12) | … | |
| Antiretroviral regimens | |||
| Currently on NRTIs | 124 (92.5) | … | |
| 1 NRTI | 11 (8.9) | … | |
| 2 NRTIs | 109 (87.9) | … | |
| 3 NRTIs | 2 (3.2) | … | |
| Currently on PIs | 68 (50.7) | … | |
| Currently on NNRTIs | 74 (55.2) | … | |
| Currently on other drugs | 21 (15.7) | … |
| Characteristics . | PLWH . | HIV-Negative . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. | 134 | 79 | |
| Age, y, at baseline | 56 (51–62) | 57 (52–65) | .22 |
| Sex | .79 | ||
| Female | 9 (7) | 6 (8) | |
| Male | 125 (93) | 73 (92) | |
| Ethnicity | .02 | ||
| White | 118 (88) | 77 (97) | |
| Black-African | 16 (12) | 2 (3) | |
| Study site | .31 | ||
| Amsterdam | 75 (63) | 50 (56) | |
| London | 59 (37) | 29 (44) | |
| Scanner system at baselinea | .04 | ||
| Siemens Verio 3T | 59 (44) | 29 (37) | |
| Philips Intera | 46 (34) | 20 (25) | |
| Philips Ingenia | 29 (22) | 30 (38) | |
| Completed follow-up | 123 (92) | 78 (99) | .83 |
| Assessment interval, y | 1.97 (1.77–2.12) | 1.91 (1.76–2.07) | .20 |
| Years of education | 14 (13–16) | 16 (14–16) | .21 |
| Smoking status | .26 | ||
| Current smoker | 40 (30) | 20 (25) | |
| Ex-smoker | 58 (43) | 29 (37) | |
| Never smoked | 36 (27) | 30 (38) | |
| Alcohol consumption, units per week | 5.5 (1.5–15.0) | 7.5 (1.5–17.5) | .37 |
| Use of recreational drugs in past 6 mo | 44 (33) | 18 (23) | .16 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 131 (124–140) | 130 (123–142) | .63 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 85 (78–93) | 84 (77–91) | .55 |
| Total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio | 4.1 (3.4–5.1) | 4.0 (3.5–4.8) | .63 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.6 (22.6–27.4) | 24.6 (23.2–28.4) | .29 |
| Time since HIV diagnosis, y | 15 (9–20) | … | |
| Duration of ART, y | 13 (7–17) | … | |
| Plasma HIV RNA <50 copies/mL | 134 (100) | … | |
| History of clinical AIDS | 42 (31) | … | |
| Nadir CD4+ count, cells/µL | 180 (90–250) | … | |
| CD4+ count, cells/µL | 618 (472–806) | … | |
| CD4+:CD8+ cell count ratio | 0.84 (0.60–1.12) | … | |
| Antiretroviral regimens | |||
| Currently on NRTIs | 124 (92.5) | … | |
| 1 NRTI | 11 (8.9) | … | |
| 2 NRTIs | 109 (87.9) | … | |
| 3 NRTIs | 2 (3.2) | … | |
| Currently on PIs | 68 (50.7) | … | |
| Currently on NNRTIs | 74 (55.2) | … | |
| Currently on other drugs | 21 (15.7) | … |
Data are presented as median (interquartile range) or No. (%). P values refer to group-comparison Wilcoxon rank-sum or Fisher exact tests where appropriate.
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; NNRTI, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI, protease inhibitor; PLWH, people living with human immunodeficiency virus.
aAll participants were scanned on the same scanner system at baseline and follow-up, except for those scanned on the Philips Intera at baseline, who were scanned on the Philips Ingenia at follow-up.
Characteristics of People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and HIV-Negative Participants
| Characteristics . | PLWH . | HIV-Negative . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. | 134 | 79 | |
| Age, y, at baseline | 56 (51–62) | 57 (52–65) | .22 |
| Sex | .79 | ||
| Female | 9 (7) | 6 (8) | |
| Male | 125 (93) | 73 (92) | |
| Ethnicity | .02 | ||
| White | 118 (88) | 77 (97) | |
| Black-African | 16 (12) | 2 (3) | |
| Study site | .31 | ||
| Amsterdam | 75 (63) | 50 (56) | |
| London | 59 (37) | 29 (44) | |
| Scanner system at baselinea | .04 | ||
| Siemens Verio 3T | 59 (44) | 29 (37) | |
| Philips Intera | 46 (34) | 20 (25) | |
| Philips Ingenia | 29 (22) | 30 (38) | |
| Completed follow-up | 123 (92) | 78 (99) | .83 |
| Assessment interval, y | 1.97 (1.77–2.12) | 1.91 (1.76–2.07) | .20 |
| Years of education | 14 (13–16) | 16 (14–16) | .21 |
| Smoking status | .26 | ||
| Current smoker | 40 (30) | 20 (25) | |
| Ex-smoker | 58 (43) | 29 (37) | |
| Never smoked | 36 (27) | 30 (38) | |
| Alcohol consumption, units per week | 5.5 (1.5–15.0) | 7.5 (1.5–17.5) | .37 |
| Use of recreational drugs in past 6 mo | 44 (33) | 18 (23) | .16 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 131 (124–140) | 130 (123–142) | .63 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 85 (78–93) | 84 (77–91) | .55 |
| Total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio | 4.1 (3.4–5.1) | 4.0 (3.5–4.8) | .63 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.6 (22.6–27.4) | 24.6 (23.2–28.4) | .29 |
| Time since HIV diagnosis, y | 15 (9–20) | … | |
| Duration of ART, y | 13 (7–17) | … | |
| Plasma HIV RNA <50 copies/mL | 134 (100) | … | |
| History of clinical AIDS | 42 (31) | … | |
| Nadir CD4+ count, cells/µL | 180 (90–250) | … | |
| CD4+ count, cells/µL | 618 (472–806) | … | |
| CD4+:CD8+ cell count ratio | 0.84 (0.60–1.12) | … | |
| Antiretroviral regimens | |||
| Currently on NRTIs | 124 (92.5) | … | |
| 1 NRTI | 11 (8.9) | … | |
| 2 NRTIs | 109 (87.9) | … | |
| 3 NRTIs | 2 (3.2) | … | |
| Currently on PIs | 68 (50.7) | … | |
| Currently on NNRTIs | 74 (55.2) | … | |
| Currently on other drugs | 21 (15.7) | … |
| Characteristics . | PLWH . | HIV-Negative . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. | 134 | 79 | |
| Age, y, at baseline | 56 (51–62) | 57 (52–65) | .22 |
| Sex | .79 | ||
| Female | 9 (7) | 6 (8) | |
| Male | 125 (93) | 73 (92) | |
| Ethnicity | .02 | ||
| White | 118 (88) | 77 (97) | |
| Black-African | 16 (12) | 2 (3) | |
| Study site | .31 | ||
| Amsterdam | 75 (63) | 50 (56) | |
| London | 59 (37) | 29 (44) | |
| Scanner system at baselinea | .04 | ||
| Siemens Verio 3T | 59 (44) | 29 (37) | |
| Philips Intera | 46 (34) | 20 (25) | |
| Philips Ingenia | 29 (22) | 30 (38) | |
| Completed follow-up | 123 (92) | 78 (99) | .83 |
| Assessment interval, y | 1.97 (1.77–2.12) | 1.91 (1.76–2.07) | .20 |
| Years of education | 14 (13–16) | 16 (14–16) | .21 |
| Smoking status | .26 | ||
| Current smoker | 40 (30) | 20 (25) | |
| Ex-smoker | 58 (43) | 29 (37) | |
| Never smoked | 36 (27) | 30 (38) | |
| Alcohol consumption, units per week | 5.5 (1.5–15.0) | 7.5 (1.5–17.5) | .37 |
| Use of recreational drugs in past 6 mo | 44 (33) | 18 (23) | .16 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 131 (124–140) | 130 (123–142) | .63 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 85 (78–93) | 84 (77–91) | .55 |
| Total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio | 4.1 (3.4–5.1) | 4.0 (3.5–4.8) | .63 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.6 (22.6–27.4) | 24.6 (23.2–28.4) | .29 |
| Time since HIV diagnosis, y | 15 (9–20) | … | |
| Duration of ART, y | 13 (7–17) | … | |
| Plasma HIV RNA <50 copies/mL | 134 (100) | … | |
| History of clinical AIDS | 42 (31) | … | |
| Nadir CD4+ count, cells/µL | 180 (90–250) | … | |
| CD4+ count, cells/µL | 618 (472–806) | … | |
| CD4+:CD8+ cell count ratio | 0.84 (0.60–1.12) | … | |
| Antiretroviral regimens | |||
| Currently on NRTIs | 124 (92.5) | … | |
| 1 NRTI | 11 (8.9) | … | |
| 2 NRTIs | 109 (87.9) | … | |
| 3 NRTIs | 2 (3.2) | … | |
| Currently on PIs | 68 (50.7) | … | |
| Currently on NNRTIs | 74 (55.2) | … | |
| Currently on other drugs | 21 (15.7) | … |
Data are presented as median (interquartile range) or No. (%). P values refer to group-comparison Wilcoxon rank-sum or Fisher exact tests where appropriate.
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; NNRTI, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI, protease inhibitor; PLWH, people living with human immunodeficiency virus.
aAll participants were scanned on the same scanner system at baseline and follow-up, except for those scanned on the Philips Intera at baseline, who were scanned on the Philips Ingenia at follow-up.
This PDF is available to Subscribers Only
View Article Abstract & Purchase OptionsFor full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription.
