Total, Direct and Indirect Effects Between Social Identity, Self-esteem, and Paranoia, While Controlling for Demographic Variables and Comorbid Symptoms in Study 1
| Criterion Variable . | . | Predictor Variable . | B . | SE . | 95% CI . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Path a | On | Neighborhood identity | 0.15*** | 0.03 | 0.09, 0.21 |
| Self-esteem | Age | −0.03* | 0.01 | −0.06, −0.005 | |
| Sex | −0.15** | 0.05 | −0.25, −0.05 | ||
| Ethnicity | 0.004 | 0.08 | −0.15, 0.16 | ||
| Employment | 0.32*** | 0.06 | 0.21, 0.43 | ||
| Education | 0.49*** | 0.07 | 0.35, 0.63 | ||
| AVH | −0.25*** | 0.04 | −0.33, −0.18 | ||
| Depression | −0.73*** | 0.04 | −0.81, −0.64 | ||
| Path b | |||||
| Paranoia | On | Self-esteem | −0.06*** | 0.01 | −0.07, −0.04 |
| Path c′ | |||||
| Paranoia | On | Neighborhood identity | −0.05*** | 0.01 | −0.08, −0.03 |
| Age | −0.02* | 0.01 | −0.03, −0.003 | ||
| Sex | <0.001 | 0.03 | −0.04, 0.04 | ||
| Ethnicity | 0.02 | 0.04 | −0.05, 0.09 | ||
| Employment | −0.08** | 0.03 | −0.13, −0.03 | ||
| Education | −0.12** | 0.03 | −0.18, −0.06 | ||
| AVH | 0.32*** | 0.02 | 0.28, 0.35 | ||
| Depression | 0.54*** | 0.02 | 0.51, 0.58 | ||
| Bootstrapped bias-corrected total effect (path c) | −0.06* | 0.01 | −0.08, −0.03 | ||
Paranoia | On | Neighborhood identity | |||
| Bootstrapped bias-corrected indirect effect Neighborhood identity → self-esteem → paranoia | −0.01* | 0.002 | −0.013, −0.005 | ||
| Criterion Variable . | . | Predictor Variable . | B . | SE . | 95% CI . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Path a | On | Neighborhood identity | 0.15*** | 0.03 | 0.09, 0.21 |
| Self-esteem | Age | −0.03* | 0.01 | −0.06, −0.005 | |
| Sex | −0.15** | 0.05 | −0.25, −0.05 | ||
| Ethnicity | 0.004 | 0.08 | −0.15, 0.16 | ||
| Employment | 0.32*** | 0.06 | 0.21, 0.43 | ||
| Education | 0.49*** | 0.07 | 0.35, 0.63 | ||
| AVH | −0.25*** | 0.04 | −0.33, −0.18 | ||
| Depression | −0.73*** | 0.04 | −0.81, −0.64 | ||
| Path b | |||||
| Paranoia | On | Self-esteem | −0.06*** | 0.01 | −0.07, −0.04 |
| Path c′ | |||||
| Paranoia | On | Neighborhood identity | −0.05*** | 0.01 | −0.08, −0.03 |
| Age | −0.02* | 0.01 | −0.03, −0.003 | ||
| Sex | <0.001 | 0.03 | −0.04, 0.04 | ||
| Ethnicity | 0.02 | 0.04 | −0.05, 0.09 | ||
| Employment | −0.08** | 0.03 | −0.13, −0.03 | ||
| Education | −0.12** | 0.03 | −0.18, −0.06 | ||
| AVH | 0.32*** | 0.02 | 0.28, 0.35 | ||
| Depression | 0.54*** | 0.02 | 0.51, 0.58 | ||
| Bootstrapped bias-corrected total effect (path c) | −0.06* | 0.01 | −0.08, −0.03 | ||
Paranoia | On | Neighborhood identity | |||
| Bootstrapped bias-corrected indirect effect Neighborhood identity → self-esteem → paranoia | −0.01* | 0.002 | −0.013, −0.005 | ||
*P < .05, ** P< .01, *** P< .001
Total, Direct and Indirect Effects Between Social Identity, Self-esteem, and Paranoia, While Controlling for Demographic Variables and Comorbid Symptoms in Study 1
| Criterion Variable . | . | Predictor Variable . | B . | SE . | 95% CI . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Path a | On | Neighborhood identity | 0.15*** | 0.03 | 0.09, 0.21 |
| Self-esteem | Age | −0.03* | 0.01 | −0.06, −0.005 | |
| Sex | −0.15** | 0.05 | −0.25, −0.05 | ||
| Ethnicity | 0.004 | 0.08 | −0.15, 0.16 | ||
| Employment | 0.32*** | 0.06 | 0.21, 0.43 | ||
| Education | 0.49*** | 0.07 | 0.35, 0.63 | ||
| AVH | −0.25*** | 0.04 | −0.33, −0.18 | ||
| Depression | −0.73*** | 0.04 | −0.81, −0.64 | ||
| Path b | |||||
| Paranoia | On | Self-esteem | −0.06*** | 0.01 | −0.07, −0.04 |
| Path c′ | |||||
| Paranoia | On | Neighborhood identity | −0.05*** | 0.01 | −0.08, −0.03 |
| Age | −0.02* | 0.01 | −0.03, −0.003 | ||
| Sex | <0.001 | 0.03 | −0.04, 0.04 | ||
| Ethnicity | 0.02 | 0.04 | −0.05, 0.09 | ||
| Employment | −0.08** | 0.03 | −0.13, −0.03 | ||
| Education | −0.12** | 0.03 | −0.18, −0.06 | ||
| AVH | 0.32*** | 0.02 | 0.28, 0.35 | ||
| Depression | 0.54*** | 0.02 | 0.51, 0.58 | ||
| Bootstrapped bias-corrected total effect (path c) | −0.06* | 0.01 | −0.08, −0.03 | ||
Paranoia | On | Neighborhood identity | |||
| Bootstrapped bias-corrected indirect effect Neighborhood identity → self-esteem → paranoia | −0.01* | 0.002 | −0.013, −0.005 | ||
| Criterion Variable . | . | Predictor Variable . | B . | SE . | 95% CI . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Path a | On | Neighborhood identity | 0.15*** | 0.03 | 0.09, 0.21 |
| Self-esteem | Age | −0.03* | 0.01 | −0.06, −0.005 | |
| Sex | −0.15** | 0.05 | −0.25, −0.05 | ||
| Ethnicity | 0.004 | 0.08 | −0.15, 0.16 | ||
| Employment | 0.32*** | 0.06 | 0.21, 0.43 | ||
| Education | 0.49*** | 0.07 | 0.35, 0.63 | ||
| AVH | −0.25*** | 0.04 | −0.33, −0.18 | ||
| Depression | −0.73*** | 0.04 | −0.81, −0.64 | ||
| Path b | |||||
| Paranoia | On | Self-esteem | −0.06*** | 0.01 | −0.07, −0.04 |
| Path c′ | |||||
| Paranoia | On | Neighborhood identity | −0.05*** | 0.01 | −0.08, −0.03 |
| Age | −0.02* | 0.01 | −0.03, −0.003 | ||
| Sex | <0.001 | 0.03 | −0.04, 0.04 | ||
| Ethnicity | 0.02 | 0.04 | −0.05, 0.09 | ||
| Employment | −0.08** | 0.03 | −0.13, −0.03 | ||
| Education | −0.12** | 0.03 | −0.18, −0.06 | ||
| AVH | 0.32*** | 0.02 | 0.28, 0.35 | ||
| Depression | 0.54*** | 0.02 | 0.51, 0.58 | ||
| Bootstrapped bias-corrected total effect (path c) | −0.06* | 0.01 | −0.08, −0.03 | ||
Paranoia | On | Neighborhood identity | |||
| Bootstrapped bias-corrected indirect effect Neighborhood identity → self-esteem → paranoia | −0.01* | 0.002 | −0.013, −0.005 | ||
*P < .05, ** P< .01, *** P< .001
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