Timeline of sample collection from other horses, humans, dogs and environmental sources at the stable of origin of the infected mare and at the University Veterinary Hospital. MRSA positive samples with related Sequence Type (ST) Clonal Complex (CC), spa type, and MRSA isolates selected for further characterization are reported.
| Type of sample . | Sampling location . | Sample source (number) . | Days of collectiona . | Number of collected samples . | Number of MRSA positive samples (days of collection)a . | MRSA isolates ST(CC), spa type . | Number of MRSA isolates selected for further characterization . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Healthy horses (n = 12) | 10, 180, 300 | 36 | 1b (180) | 8, t11469 | 1 |
| Nasal swabs, skin swabs (both nares, carpal joints, armpits) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | MRSA positive horse Ab (n = 1) | 185 | 3 | 0 | / | / |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Horses with skin lesions (n = 3) | 10, 180, 300 | 9 | 0 | / | / |
| Wound swabsc | 10, 180, 300 | 3c | |||||
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Healthy dogs (n = 4) | 10, 180, 300 | 12 | 0 | / | / |
| Various environmental | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Surfaces/materials (n = 16) | 10, 180, 300 | 48 | 4d (300) | 8, t11469 | 2e |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Healthy humans (n = 16) | 10, 180, 300 | 16 | 1 (300) | 1, t127 | 0 |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | University Veterinary Hospital | Hospitalized horses (n = 6) | 60 | 6 | 3 (60) | 8, t11469 | 3 |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | University Veterinary Hospital | Healthy humans (n = 4) | 60 | 4 | 0 | / | / |
| Various environmental | University Veterinary Hospital | Surfaces/materials/ medical equipment (n = 17) | 60 | 17 | 5f (60) | 8, t11469 | 3g |
| Total | / | 79 | / | 154 | 14 | / | 9 |
| Type of sample . | Sampling location . | Sample source (number) . | Days of collectiona . | Number of collected samples . | Number of MRSA positive samples (days of collection)a . | MRSA isolates ST(CC), spa type . | Number of MRSA isolates selected for further characterization . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Healthy horses (n = 12) | 10, 180, 300 | 36 | 1b (180) | 8, t11469 | 1 |
| Nasal swabs, skin swabs (both nares, carpal joints, armpits) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | MRSA positive horse Ab (n = 1) | 185 | 3 | 0 | / | / |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Horses with skin lesions (n = 3) | 10, 180, 300 | 9 | 0 | / | / |
| Wound swabsc | 10, 180, 300 | 3c | |||||
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Healthy dogs (n = 4) | 10, 180, 300 | 12 | 0 | / | / |
| Various environmental | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Surfaces/materials (n = 16) | 10, 180, 300 | 48 | 4d (300) | 8, t11469 | 2e |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Healthy humans (n = 16) | 10, 180, 300 | 16 | 1 (300) | 1, t127 | 0 |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | University Veterinary Hospital | Hospitalized horses (n = 6) | 60 | 6 | 3 (60) | 8, t11469 | 3 |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | University Veterinary Hospital | Healthy humans (n = 4) | 60 | 4 | 0 | / | / |
| Various environmental | University Veterinary Hospital | Surfaces/materials/ medical equipment (n = 17) | 60 | 17 | 5f (60) | 8, t11469 | 3g |
| Total | / | 79 | / | 154 | 14 | / | 9 |
Number of days after the first MRSA isolation from the infected mare (day 0).
MRSA positive horse A = The only MRSA positive horse out of 12 healthy horses tested in the stable of origin.
Three wound swabs were collected from three different horses presenting visible skin lesions at 10, 180 and 300 days respectively.
4 = samples from: the walls (n = 1), the feed manger and the water bucket (n = 1) of the stall of the clinically infected mare; the walls (n = 1) and the feed manger (n = 1) of the stall of the MRSA positive horse A.
2 = isolates from: the walls of the stall of the clinically infected mare (n = 1), the walls of the stall of the MRSA positive horse A (n = 1).
5 = samples from: one computer keyboard (n = 1), the walls and the light switches of the central hallway conducing to the stalls (n = 1), the walls (n = 1), the feed manger and the water bucket (n = 1) of the stall of one of the positive horses, the walls of the recovery room (n = 1).
3 = isolates from: one computer keyboard (n = 1), the walls and the light switches of the central hallway conducing to the stalls (n = 1), the walls of the recovery room (n = 1).
/: not applicable.
Timeline of sample collection from other horses, humans, dogs and environmental sources at the stable of origin of the infected mare and at the University Veterinary Hospital. MRSA positive samples with related Sequence Type (ST) Clonal Complex (CC), spa type, and MRSA isolates selected for further characterization are reported.
| Type of sample . | Sampling location . | Sample source (number) . | Days of collectiona . | Number of collected samples . | Number of MRSA positive samples (days of collection)a . | MRSA isolates ST(CC), spa type . | Number of MRSA isolates selected for further characterization . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Healthy horses (n = 12) | 10, 180, 300 | 36 | 1b (180) | 8, t11469 | 1 |
| Nasal swabs, skin swabs (both nares, carpal joints, armpits) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | MRSA positive horse Ab (n = 1) | 185 | 3 | 0 | / | / |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Horses with skin lesions (n = 3) | 10, 180, 300 | 9 | 0 | / | / |
| Wound swabsc | 10, 180, 300 | 3c | |||||
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Healthy dogs (n = 4) | 10, 180, 300 | 12 | 0 | / | / |
| Various environmental | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Surfaces/materials (n = 16) | 10, 180, 300 | 48 | 4d (300) | 8, t11469 | 2e |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Healthy humans (n = 16) | 10, 180, 300 | 16 | 1 (300) | 1, t127 | 0 |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | University Veterinary Hospital | Hospitalized horses (n = 6) | 60 | 6 | 3 (60) | 8, t11469 | 3 |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | University Veterinary Hospital | Healthy humans (n = 4) | 60 | 4 | 0 | / | / |
| Various environmental | University Veterinary Hospital | Surfaces/materials/ medical equipment (n = 17) | 60 | 17 | 5f (60) | 8, t11469 | 3g |
| Total | / | 79 | / | 154 | 14 | / | 9 |
| Type of sample . | Sampling location . | Sample source (number) . | Days of collectiona . | Number of collected samples . | Number of MRSA positive samples (days of collection)a . | MRSA isolates ST(CC), spa type . | Number of MRSA isolates selected for further characterization . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Healthy horses (n = 12) | 10, 180, 300 | 36 | 1b (180) | 8, t11469 | 1 |
| Nasal swabs, skin swabs (both nares, carpal joints, armpits) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | MRSA positive horse Ab (n = 1) | 185 | 3 | 0 | / | / |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Horses with skin lesions (n = 3) | 10, 180, 300 | 9 | 0 | / | / |
| Wound swabsc | 10, 180, 300 | 3c | |||||
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Healthy dogs (n = 4) | 10, 180, 300 | 12 | 0 | / | / |
| Various environmental | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Surfaces/materials (n = 16) | 10, 180, 300 | 48 | 4d (300) | 8, t11469 | 2e |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | Stable of origin of the infected mare (Rome) | Healthy humans (n = 16) | 10, 180, 300 | 16 | 1 (300) | 1, t127 | 0 |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | University Veterinary Hospital | Hospitalized horses (n = 6) | 60 | 6 | 3 (60) | 8, t11469 | 3 |
| Nasal swabs (both nares) | University Veterinary Hospital | Healthy humans (n = 4) | 60 | 4 | 0 | / | / |
| Various environmental | University Veterinary Hospital | Surfaces/materials/ medical equipment (n = 17) | 60 | 17 | 5f (60) | 8, t11469 | 3g |
| Total | / | 79 | / | 154 | 14 | / | 9 |
Number of days after the first MRSA isolation from the infected mare (day 0).
MRSA positive horse A = The only MRSA positive horse out of 12 healthy horses tested in the stable of origin.
Three wound swabs were collected from three different horses presenting visible skin lesions at 10, 180 and 300 days respectively.
4 = samples from: the walls (n = 1), the feed manger and the water bucket (n = 1) of the stall of the clinically infected mare; the walls (n = 1) and the feed manger (n = 1) of the stall of the MRSA positive horse A.
2 = isolates from: the walls of the stall of the clinically infected mare (n = 1), the walls of the stall of the MRSA positive horse A (n = 1).
5 = samples from: one computer keyboard (n = 1), the walls and the light switches of the central hallway conducing to the stalls (n = 1), the walls (n = 1), the feed manger and the water bucket (n = 1) of the stall of one of the positive horses, the walls of the recovery room (n = 1).
3 = isolates from: one computer keyboard (n = 1), the walls and the light switches of the central hallway conducing to the stalls (n = 1), the walls of the recovery room (n = 1).
/: not applicable.
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