Table 3. Open in new tab Description of...

Risk Factor	Case (N = 124)	Control (N = 302)	Univariate Model	Multivariate Model
Age in years	20.6 (19.3–23.7)	21.1 (18.7–24.5)	1.0 (P = .82)	0.9–1.1	1.0 (P = .48)	0.9–1.0
Female sex	82 (66%)	170 (56%)	1.5 (P = .09)	1.0–2.4	0.7 (P = .21)	0.5–1.2
Vaccinated^a	29 (23%)	111 (37%)	*0.5 (P <* .01**)	0.3–0.8	*0.5 (P <* .01**)	0.3–0.8
Education
<12th grade	15 (12%)	69 (23%)	Ref		Ref
12th grade completed	62 (50%)	98 (32%)	*3.1 (P <* .01**)	1.6–6.1	*2.6 (P <* .01**)	1.3–5.0
At least some college	47 (38%)	135 (45%)	1.6 (P = .15)	0.8–3.1	1.2 (P = .60)	0.6–2.5
Travel outside of UB during outbreak	13 (10%)	19 (58%)	0.5 (P=.03)	0.3–0.9	*0.4 (P <* .01**)	0.2–0.8
Healthcare facility exposure <30 days before case rash onset
None	28 (23%)	63 (21%)	Ref		Ref
Outpatient	79 (64%)	229 (76%)	1.4 (P = .26)	0.8–2.3	1.5 (P = .15)	0.9–2.6
Inpatient	17 (14%)	10 (3%)	*5.1 (P <* .01**)	2.1–12.2	*4.5 (P <* .01**)	1.9–10.8
Birth outside of UB	87 (70%)	169 (56%)	*1.9 (P <* .01**)	1.2–3.0	1.8 (P=.02)	1.1–2.9

Risk Factor

Case (N = 124)

Control (N = 302)

Univariate Model

Multivariate Model

n (%) or Median (IQR)

MOR (P Value)

95% CI

aMOR (P Value)

95% CI

Age in years

20.6 (19.3–23.7)

21.1 (18.7–24.5)

1.0 (P = .82)

0.9–1.1

1.0 (P = .48)

0.9–1.0

Female sex

82 (66%)

170 (56%)

1.5 (P = .09)

1.0–2.4

0.7 (P = .21)

0.5–1.2

Vaccinated^a

29 (23%)

111 (37%)

0.5 (P < .01)

0.3–0.8

0.5 (P < .01)

0.3–0.8

Education

<12th grade

15 (12%)

69 (23%)

Ref

12th grade completed

62 (50%)

98 (32%)

3.1 (P < .01)

1.6–6.1

2.6 (P < .01)

1.3–5.0

At least some college

47 (38%)

135 (45%)

1.6 (P = .15)

0.8–3.1

1.2 (P = .60)

0.6–2.5

Travel outside of UB during outbreak

13 (10%)

19 (58%)

0.5 (P=.03)

0.3–0.9

0.4 (P < .01)

0.2–0.8

Healthcare facility exposure <30 days before case rash onset

None

28 (23%)

63 (21%)

Ref

Outpatient

79 (64%)

229 (76%)

1.4 (P = .26)

0.8–2.3

1.5 (P = .15)

0.9–2.6

Inpatient

17 (14%)

10 (3%)

5.1 (P < .01)

2.1–12.2

4.5 (P < .01)

1.9–10.8

Birth outside of UB

87 (70%)

169 (56%)

1.9 (P < .01)

1.2–3.0

1.8 (P=.02)

1.1–2.9

Risk Factor	Case (N = 124)	Control (N = 302)	Univariate Model	Multivariate Model
Age in years	20.6 (19.3–23.7)	21.1 (18.7–24.5)	1.0 (P = .82)	0.9–1.1	1.0 (P = .48)	0.9–1.0
Female sex	82 (66%)	170 (56%)	1.5 (P = .09)	1.0–2.4	0.7 (P = .21)	0.5–1.2
Vaccinated^a	29 (23%)	111 (37%)	*0.5 (P <* .01**)	0.3–0.8	*0.5 (P <* .01**)	0.3–0.8
Education
<12th grade	15 (12%)	69 (23%)	Ref		Ref
12th grade completed	62 (50%)	98 (32%)	*3.1 (P <* .01**)	1.6–6.1	*2.6 (P <* .01**)	1.3–5.0
At least some college	47 (38%)	135 (45%)	1.6 (P = .15)	0.8–3.1	1.2 (P = .60)	0.6–2.5
Travel outside of UB during outbreak	13 (10%)	19 (58%)	0.5 (P=.03)	0.3–0.9	*0.4 (P <* .01**)	0.2–0.8
Healthcare facility exposure <30 days before case rash onset
None	28 (23%)	63 (21%)	Ref		Ref
Outpatient	79 (64%)	229 (76%)	1.4 (P = .26)	0.8–2.3	1.5 (P = .15)	0.9–2.6
Inpatient	17 (14%)	10 (3%)	*5.1 (P <* .01**)	2.1–12.2	*4.5 (P <* .01**)	1.9–10.8
Birth outside of UB	87 (70%)	169 (56%)	*1.9 (P <* .01**)	1.2–3.0	1.8 (P=.02)	1.1–2.9

Table 3.

Open in new tab

Description of Cases and Controls and Risk Factors for Measles, Matched Case-Control Study—Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, March 1–September 25, 2015

Risk Factor	Case (N = 124)	Control (N = 302)	Univariate Model		Multivariate Model
Risk Factor	n (%) or Median (IQR)		MOR (P Value)	95% CI	aMOR (P Value)	95% CI
Age in years	20.6 (19.3–23.7)	21.1 (18.7–24.5)	1.0 (P = .82)	0.9–1.1	1.0 (P = .48)	0.9–1.0
Female sex	82 (66%)	170 (56%)	1.5 (P = .09)	1.0–2.4	0.7 (P = .21)	0.5–1.2
Vaccinated^a	29 (23%)	111 (37%)	*0.5 (P <* .01**)	0.3–0.8	*0.5 (P <* .01**)	0.3–0.8
Education
<12th grade	15 (12%)	69 (23%)	Ref		Ref
12th grade completed	62 (50%)	98 (32%)	*3.1 (P <* .01**)	1.6–6.1	*2.6 (P <* .01**)	1.3–5.0
At least some college	47 (38%)	135 (45%)	1.6 (P = .15)	0.8–3.1	1.2 (P = .60)	0.6–2.5
Travel outside of UB during outbreak	13 (10%)	19 (58%)	0.5 (P=.03)	0.3–0.9	*0.4 (P <* .01**)	0.2–0.8
Healthcare facility exposure <30 days before case rash onset
None	28 (23%)	63 (21%)	Ref		Ref
Outpatient	79 (64%)	229 (76%)	1.4 (P = .26)	0.8–2.3	1.5 (P = .15)	0.9–2.6
Inpatient	17 (14%)	10 (3%)	*5.1 (P <* .01**)	2.1–12.2	*4.5 (P <* .01**)	1.9–10.8
Birth outside of UB	87 (70%)	169 (56%)	*1.9 (P <* .01**)	1.2–3.0	1.8 (P=.02)	1.1–2.9

Risk Factor	Case (N = 124)	Control (N = 302)	Univariate Model		Multivariate Model
Risk Factor	n (%) or Median (IQR)		MOR (P Value)	95% CI	aMOR (P Value)	95% CI
Age in years	20.6 (19.3–23.7)	21.1 (18.7–24.5)	1.0 (P = .82)	0.9–1.1	1.0 (P = .48)	0.9–1.0
Female sex	82 (66%)	170 (56%)	1.5 (P = .09)	1.0–2.4	0.7 (P = .21)	0.5–1.2
Vaccinated^a	29 (23%)	111 (37%)	*0.5 (P <* .01**)	0.3–0.8	*0.5 (P <* .01**)	0.3–0.8
Education
<12th grade	15 (12%)	69 (23%)	Ref		Ref
12th grade completed	62 (50%)	98 (32%)	*3.1 (P <* .01**)	1.6–6.1	*2.6 (P <* .01**)	1.3–5.0
At least some college	47 (38%)	135 (45%)	1.6 (P = .15)	0.8–3.1	1.2 (P = .60)	0.6–2.5
Travel outside of UB during outbreak	13 (10%)	19 (58%)	0.5 (P=.03)	0.3–0.9	*0.4 (P <* .01**)	0.2–0.8
Healthcare facility exposure <30 days before case rash onset
None	28 (23%)	63 (21%)	Ref		Ref
Outpatient	79 (64%)	229 (76%)	1.4 (P = .26)	0.8–2.3	1.5 (P = .15)	0.9–2.6
Inpatient	17 (14%)	10 (3%)	*5.1 (P <* .01**)	2.1–12.2	*4.5 (P <* .01**)	1.9–10.8
Birth outside of UB	87 (70%)	169 (56%)	*1.9 (P <* .01**)	1.2–3.0	1.8 (P=.02)	1.1–2.9

Abbreviations: aMOR, adjusted matched odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range; MOR, matched odds ratio; NA, not applicable; Ref, reference category; UB, Ulaanbaatar.

^aVaccination status by recall if documentation unavailable.

Bold text indicates statistically significant risk factors in multivariate model.

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