Table 2 Open in new tab Preoperative,...

	MACCE negative	MACCE positive	P-value	P-value*
	(n=99)	(n=81)
Preoperative factors
Age (years)	56.8	11.2	59.1	8.2	0.11	0.63
Gender: female	32	32.3%	29	35.8%	0.63	0.75
Previous MI	37	37.4%	29	35.8%	0.87	0.79
Diabetes	21	21.2%	26	32.1%	0.12	0.71
Kidney failure	8	8.1%	7	8.6%	1	0.99
Hypertension	40	40.4%	33	40.7%	0.54	0.68
Hyperlipemia	38	38.4%	26	32.1%	0.23	0.72
Cerebrovascular disease	11	11.1%	14	17.2%	0.28	0.76
Psychiatric disease	9	9.1%	17	20.9%	0.03	0.83
EuroSCORE (scores)	3.17	2.4	3.77	2.5	0.97	0.59
Perioperative factors
CABG surgery	72	72.7%	61	75.3%	0.73	0.31
Valvular surgery	21	21.2%	27	33.3%	0.09	0.95
Reoperation	2	2%	9	11.1%	0.01	0.48
CPB time (min)	72	51	79	42	0.32	0.77
Number of bypasses	2.2	1.5	1.96	1.47	0.29	0.91
Myocardial infarction	13	13.1%	12	14.8%	0.82	0.93
Acute heart failure	9	9.1%	19	23.46%	0.007	0.89
Infection	9	9.1%	11	13.6%	0.35	0.96
Arrhythmias	19	19.2%	19	23.5%	0.47	0.82
Intensive care unit days	1.3	1.3	3.5	8.5	0.024	0.89
Hospital days	9.3	4.3	9.6	9.7	0.79	0.54
Psychosocial factors
Education (years)	11.45	2.9	10.3	3.1	0.29	0.69
Single living	16	16.2%	11	13.6%	0.68	0.92
Preoperative BDI (point)	8.2	5.1	11.8	8.7	0.006
Preoperative STAI-S (point)	42.9	11.3	47.2	11.1	0.012
Preoperative STAI-T (point)	41.8	9.2	48.1	9.9	<0.001

MACCE negative

MACCE positive

P-value

P-value*

(n=99)

(n=81)

Preoperative factors

Age (years)

56.8

11.2

59.1

8.2

0.11

0.63

Gender: female

32.3%

35.8%

0.63

0.75

Previous MI

37.4%

35.8%

0.87

0.79

Diabetes

21.2%

32.1%

0.12

0.71

Kidney failure

8.1%

8.6%

0.99

Hypertension

40.4%

40.7%

0.54

0.68

Hyperlipemia

38.4%

32.1%

0.23

0.72

Cerebrovascular disease

11.1%

17.2%

0.28

0.76

Psychiatric disease

9.1%

20.9%

0.03

0.83

EuroSCORE (scores)

3.17

2.4

3.77

2.5

0.97

0.59

Perioperative factors

CABG surgery

72.7%

75.3%

0.73

0.31

Valvular surgery

21.2%

33.3%

0.09

0.95

Reoperation

11.1%

0.01

0.48

CPB time (min)

0.32

0.77

Number of bypasses

2.2

1.5

1.96

1.47

0.29

0.91

Myocardial infarction

13.1%

14.8%

0.82

0.93

Acute heart failure

9.1%

23.46%

0.007

0.89

Infection

9.1%

13.6%

0.35

0.96

Arrhythmias

19.2%

23.5%

0.47

0.82

Intensive care unit days

1.3

3.5

8.5

0.024

0.89

Hospital days

9.3

4.3

9.6

9.7

0.79

0.54

Psychosocial factors

Education (years)

11.45

2.9

10.3

3.1

0.29

0.69

Single living

16.2%

13.6%

0.68

0.92

Preoperative BDI (point)

8.2

5.1

11.8

8.7

0.006

Preoperative STAI-S (point)

42.9

11.3

47.2

11.1

0.012

Preoperative STAI-T (point)

41.8

9.2

48.1

9.9

<0.001

	MACCE negative	MACCE positive	P-value	P-value*
	(n=99)	(n=81)
Preoperative factors
Age (years)	56.8	11.2	59.1	8.2	0.11	0.63
Gender: female	32	32.3%	29	35.8%	0.63	0.75
Previous MI	37	37.4%	29	35.8%	0.87	0.79
Diabetes	21	21.2%	26	32.1%	0.12	0.71
Kidney failure	8	8.1%	7	8.6%	1	0.99
Hypertension	40	40.4%	33	40.7%	0.54	0.68
Hyperlipemia	38	38.4%	26	32.1%	0.23	0.72
Cerebrovascular disease	11	11.1%	14	17.2%	0.28	0.76
Psychiatric disease	9	9.1%	17	20.9%	0.03	0.83
EuroSCORE (scores)	3.17	2.4	3.77	2.5	0.97	0.59
Perioperative factors
CABG surgery	72	72.7%	61	75.3%	0.73	0.31
Valvular surgery	21	21.2%	27	33.3%	0.09	0.95
Reoperation	2	2%	9	11.1%	0.01	0.48
CPB time (min)	72	51	79	42	0.32	0.77
Number of bypasses	2.2	1.5	1.96	1.47	0.29	0.91
Myocardial infarction	13	13.1%	12	14.8%	0.82	0.93
Acute heart failure	9	9.1%	19	23.46%	0.007	0.89
Infection	9	9.1%	11	13.6%	0.35	0.96
Arrhythmias	19	19.2%	19	23.5%	0.47	0.82
Intensive care unit days	1.3	1.3	3.5	8.5	0.024	0.89
Hospital days	9.3	4.3	9.6	9.7	0.79	0.54
Psychosocial factors
Education (years)	11.45	2.9	10.3	3.1	0.29	0.69
Single living	16	16.2%	11	13.6%	0.68	0.92
Preoperative BDI (point)	8.2	5.1	11.8	8.7	0.006
Preoperative STAI-S (point)	42.9	11.3	47.2	11.1	0.012
Preoperative STAI-T (point)	41.8	9.2	48.1	9.9	<0.001

Table 2

Open in new tab

Preoperative, perioperative and psychosocial factors and occurrence of MACCE five years after cardiac surgery

	MACCE negative		MACCE positive		P-value	P-value*
	(n=99)		(n=81)
Preoperative factors
Age (years)	56.8	11.2	59.1	8.2	0.11	0.63
Gender: female	32	32.3%	29	35.8%	0.63	0.75
Previous MI	37	37.4%	29	35.8%	0.87	0.79
Diabetes	21	21.2%	26	32.1%	0.12	0.71
Kidney failure	8	8.1%	7	8.6%	1	0.99
Hypertension	40	40.4%	33	40.7%	0.54	0.68
Hyperlipemia	38	38.4%	26	32.1%	0.23	0.72
Cerebrovascular disease	11	11.1%	14	17.2%	0.28	0.76
Psychiatric disease	9	9.1%	17	20.9%	0.03	0.83
EuroSCORE (scores)	3.17	2.4	3.77	2.5	0.97	0.59
Perioperative factors
CABG surgery	72	72.7%	61	75.3%	0.73	0.31
Valvular surgery	21	21.2%	27	33.3%	0.09	0.95
Reoperation	2	2%	9	11.1%	0.01	0.48
CPB time (min)	72	51	79	42	0.32	0.77
Number of bypasses	2.2	1.5	1.96	1.47	0.29	0.91
Myocardial infarction	13	13.1%	12	14.8%	0.82	0.93
Acute heart failure	9	9.1%	19	23.46%	0.007	0.89
Infection	9	9.1%	11	13.6%	0.35	0.96
Arrhythmias	19	19.2%	19	23.5%	0.47	0.82
Intensive care unit days	1.3	1.3	3.5	8.5	0.024	0.89
Hospital days	9.3	4.3	9.6	9.7	0.79	0.54
Psychosocial factors
Education (years)	11.45	2.9	10.3	3.1	0.29	0.69
Single living	16	16.2%	11	13.6%	0.68	0.92
Preoperative BDI (point)	8.2	5.1	11.8	8.7	0.006
Preoperative STAI-S (point)	42.9	11.3	47.2	11.1	0.012
Preoperative STAI-T (point)	41.8	9.2	48.1	9.9	<0.001

	MACCE negative		MACCE positive		P-value	P-value*
	(n=99)		(n=81)
Preoperative factors
Age (years)	56.8	11.2	59.1	8.2	0.11	0.63
Gender: female	32	32.3%	29	35.8%	0.63	0.75
Previous MI	37	37.4%	29	35.8%	0.87	0.79
Diabetes	21	21.2%	26	32.1%	0.12	0.71
Kidney failure	8	8.1%	7	8.6%	1	0.99
Hypertension	40	40.4%	33	40.7%	0.54	0.68
Hyperlipemia	38	38.4%	26	32.1%	0.23	0.72
Cerebrovascular disease	11	11.1%	14	17.2%	0.28	0.76
Psychiatric disease	9	9.1%	17	20.9%	0.03	0.83
EuroSCORE (scores)	3.17	2.4	3.77	2.5	0.97	0.59
Perioperative factors
CABG surgery	72	72.7%	61	75.3%	0.73	0.31
Valvular surgery	21	21.2%	27	33.3%	0.09	0.95
Reoperation	2	2%	9	11.1%	0.01	0.48
CPB time (min)	72	51	79	42	0.32	0.77
Number of bypasses	2.2	1.5	1.96	1.47	0.29	0.91
Myocardial infarction	13	13.1%	12	14.8%	0.82	0.93
Acute heart failure	9	9.1%	19	23.46%	0.007	0.89
Infection	9	9.1%	11	13.6%	0.35	0.96
Arrhythmias	19	19.2%	19	23.5%	0.47	0.82
Intensive care unit days	1.3	1.3	3.5	8.5	0.024	0.89
Hospital days	9.3	4.3	9.6	9.7	0.79	0.54
Psychosocial factors
Education (years)	11.45	2.9	10.3	3.1	0.29	0.69
Single living	16	16.2%	11	13.6%	0.68	0.92
Preoperative BDI (point)	8.2	5.1	11.8	8.7	0.006
Preoperative STAI-S (point)	42.9	11.3	47.2	11.1	0.012
Preoperative STAI-T (point)	41.8	9.2	48.1	9.9	<0.001

*P-values are those calculated after adjustment according to the propensity score. Data are presented as number and percent for categorical variables and mean and standard deviation for continuous variables. Bold values represent the significant differences between groups when P<0.05.

MACCE, major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event; MI, myocardial infarction; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CPB time, cardiopulmonary bypass time; BDI, Beck depression inventory; STAI-S, state anxiety subscale in Spielberger State–Trait Anxiety Inventory; STAI-T, trait anxiety subscale in Spielberger State–Trait Anxiety Inventory.

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