| Mode of Transmissions . | Time of Viral Exposure . | Time of HBsAg Detection . | Children Infection Rate (Born to HBsAg/HBeAg Mothers) . | Rate of Infected Children to Become Chronically Infected . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mother-to-Infant (Child) Transmission | ||||
| Intrauterine infection | From 1st to 3rd trimester of gestation | At birth or within 1 month after birth | ~2.4% of mother-to-infant transmission with immunoprophylaxis [12] | ~100% |
| Peripartum infection | Shortly before or during partum | After incubation period, 1–6 months of age | 90% without immunoprophylaxis [10, 26] 10% with immunoprophylaxis [8] | 90% |
| Postnatal infection | After birth | Variable, after incubation period | 57% at 1–3 years without immunoprophyalaxis [14] Infrequent with immunoprophylaxis [17] | 50%–90% (decrease with age of infection) [5] |
| Horizontal Transmission | ||||
| Blood transfusion/needle stick/medical procedures/sexual transmission | At the time of event | After incubation period (1–6 months) | Variable | Depend on age and immunity |
| Mode of Transmissions . | Time of Viral Exposure . | Time of HBsAg Detection . | Children Infection Rate (Born to HBsAg/HBeAg Mothers) . | Rate of Infected Children to Become Chronically Infected . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mother-to-Infant (Child) Transmission | ||||
| Intrauterine infection | From 1st to 3rd trimester of gestation | At birth or within 1 month after birth | ~2.4% of mother-to-infant transmission with immunoprophylaxis [12] | ~100% |
| Peripartum infection | Shortly before or during partum | After incubation period, 1–6 months of age | 90% without immunoprophylaxis [10, 26] 10% with immunoprophylaxis [8] | 90% |
| Postnatal infection | After birth | Variable, after incubation period | 57% at 1–3 years without immunoprophyalaxis [14] Infrequent with immunoprophylaxis [17] | 50%–90% (decrease with age of infection) [5] |
| Horizontal Transmission | ||||
| Blood transfusion/needle stick/medical procedures/sexual transmission | At the time of event | After incubation period (1–6 months) | Variable | Depend on age and immunity |
Abbreviations: HBeAg, hepatitis B e-antigen; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV, hepatitis B virus.
| Mode of Transmissions . | Time of Viral Exposure . | Time of HBsAg Detection . | Children Infection Rate (Born to HBsAg/HBeAg Mothers) . | Rate of Infected Children to Become Chronically Infected . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mother-to-Infant (Child) Transmission | ||||
| Intrauterine infection | From 1st to 3rd trimester of gestation | At birth or within 1 month after birth | ~2.4% of mother-to-infant transmission with immunoprophylaxis [12] | ~100% |
| Peripartum infection | Shortly before or during partum | After incubation period, 1–6 months of age | 90% without immunoprophylaxis [10, 26] 10% with immunoprophylaxis [8] | 90% |
| Postnatal infection | After birth | Variable, after incubation period | 57% at 1–3 years without immunoprophyalaxis [14] Infrequent with immunoprophylaxis [17] | 50%–90% (decrease with age of infection) [5] |
| Horizontal Transmission | ||||
| Blood transfusion/needle stick/medical procedures/sexual transmission | At the time of event | After incubation period (1–6 months) | Variable | Depend on age and immunity |
| Mode of Transmissions . | Time of Viral Exposure . | Time of HBsAg Detection . | Children Infection Rate (Born to HBsAg/HBeAg Mothers) . | Rate of Infected Children to Become Chronically Infected . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mother-to-Infant (Child) Transmission | ||||
| Intrauterine infection | From 1st to 3rd trimester of gestation | At birth or within 1 month after birth | ~2.4% of mother-to-infant transmission with immunoprophylaxis [12] | ~100% |
| Peripartum infection | Shortly before or during partum | After incubation period, 1–6 months of age | 90% without immunoprophylaxis [10, 26] 10% with immunoprophylaxis [8] | 90% |
| Postnatal infection | After birth | Variable, after incubation period | 57% at 1–3 years without immunoprophyalaxis [14] Infrequent with immunoprophylaxis [17] | 50%–90% (decrease with age of infection) [5] |
| Horizontal Transmission | ||||
| Blood transfusion/needle stick/medical procedures/sexual transmission | At the time of event | After incubation period (1–6 months) | Variable | Depend on age and immunity |
Abbreviations: HBeAg, hepatitis B e-antigen; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV, hepatitis B virus.
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