... of systems of one or more infrastructures, the pivotal concept of control variables shared by infrastructures, types of system resilience and their definition within an ICIS, four basic types of interconnectivity configurations and their shift points, the specific dimensions of interconnectivity...

... “permanently failing organization ” Zucker Lynne Mansour Yakout Technological innovation high-reliability management critical infrastructures ICISs infrastructure design and regulation Control rooms occupy center stage in the ICIS framework for reliability and risk offered here because...

... at the ICIS level. A review of the literature shows that infrastructures are typically managed so as to prevent interinfrastructural cascades, and there are far fewer cascades than current models would lead us to expect. The case study also supports that finding, and the chapter gives many examples of both...

...This chapter expands the discussion of how time and scale interact with risk when managing infrastructures for reliability. The whole cycle of infrastructure operations ranges from normal to disrupted, restored, failed, recovered, and new normal. Risks vary by the stage of the cycle, and each stage...

...The book’s framework and analysis demonstrate that the high reliability of individual infrastructures is increasingly at its limits in an interconnected setting. Loss of service in one infrastructure cannot be precluded by another infrastructure that depends on it, which means that the standards...

...This chapter introduces the book’s argument about the central role critical infrastructures for providing clean water, communications, transportation, electricity, flood protection, financial services, and major emergency response, among other contemporary essentials, have in society...

... of exploring broader implications for sociological theory in general and for the future direction of the sociology of infrastructures in particular. Specifically, the book outlines a theoretical framework for treating humans-on-grids as entities that transcend the subject/object opposition: attachment to grids...