
Contents
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Before the Ba'th: Institution Building and Kemalist-inspired Modernization Before the Ba'th: Institution Building and Kemalist-inspired Modernization
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Ba Thist Revolution and the End of Institution Building (1963–1980) Ba Thist Revolution and the End of Institution Building (1963–1980)
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Outsourcing and the Withering Away of the Religious Bureaucracy (1980–2000) Outsourcing and the Withering Away of the Religious Bureaucracy (1980–2000)
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Foreign Threats and New Domestic Partnerships (2000–2008) Foreign Threats and New Domestic Partnerships (2000–2008)
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U-turn: Bringing the State Back in (2008–2011) U-turn: Bringing the State Back in (2008–2011)
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Conclusion Conclusion
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Epilogue: Facing the 2011 Uprising Epilogue: Facing the 2011 Uprising
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4 The State Management of Religion in Syria: The End of “Indirect Rule”?
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Published:January 2013
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Abstract
This chapter explores the management of religion by a Middle Eastern regime, and describes the fundamentally unstable character of authoritarian upgrading. Authoritarian regimes faced vibrant societies that captured the opportunities left by the readjustments of the state. The postuprising Ba'thist state had defined transformative abilities and consequently was less able than ever to bring about the emergence of a disciplined religious administration obediently promoting a Ba'thist version of Islam. The religious administration was expanded, which was bound to fortify the Islamic trend within the state apparatus. Moreover, Islam was dealt with as a threat that had to be contained through the use of force. The Syrian government confined the Islamic trend, and attempted a striking expansion of the official religious bureaucracy and of the state-owned structures dedicated to the training of clerics after 2008.
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