SIPRI Yearbook 2023: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security
Contents
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Overview Overview
-
I. The Russia–Ukraine War and conventional arms control in Europe I. The Russia–Ukraine War and conventional arms control in Europe
-
Prelude to the Russian invasion Prelude to the Russian invasion
-
The final build-up The final build-up
-
The outlook for European conventional arms control The outlook for European conventional arms control
-
-
II. Multilateral regulation of inhumane weapons and other conventional weapons of humanitarian concern II. Multilateral regulation of inhumane weapons and other conventional weapons of humanitarian concern
-
Incendiary weapons Incendiary weapons
-
Explosive weapons in populated areas Explosive weapons in populated areas
-
Use of EWIPA in the Russia–Ukraine War Use of EWIPA in the Russia–Ukraine War
-
Agreement of the Political Declaration on the use of EWIPA Agreement of the Political Declaration on the use of EWIPA
-
The environment and armed conflict The environment and armed conflict
-
-
Cluster munitions Cluster munitions
-
Use and production: Cluster munition attacks in Ukraine Use and production: Cluster munition attacks in Ukraine
-
Cluster munition clearance and stockpile destruction Cluster munition clearance and stockpile destruction
-
The 10th meeting of states parties The 10th meeting of states parties
-
-
Landmines, improvised explosive devices and explosive remnants of war Landmines, improvised explosive devices and explosive remnants of war
-
Use and production of APMs in 2021–22 Use and production of APMs in 2021–22
-
Revised policy on APMs announced by the United States Revised policy on APMs announced by the United States
-
APM clearance and stockpile destruction APM clearance and stockpile destruction
-
The situation in Afghanistan The situation in Afghanistan
-
-
Small arms and light weapons Small arms and light weapons
-
Contentious issues at BMS8 Contentious issues at BMS8
-
Progress achieved at BMS8 Progress achieved at BMS8
-
-
The open-ended working group on conventional ammunition The open-ended working group on conventional ammunition
-
Conclusions Conclusions
-
-
III. Intergovernmental efforts to address the challenges posed by autonomous weapon systems III. Intergovernmental efforts to address the challenges posed by autonomous weapon systems
-
The impact of the Russia–Ukraine War on an already weakened GGE process The impact of the Russia–Ukraine War on an already weakened GGE process
-
Overview of the proposals discussed by the 2022 group of governmental experts Overview of the proposals discussed by the 2022 group of governmental experts
-
The outcome and way ahead The outcome and way ahead
-
-
IV. International transparency in arms procurement and military expenditure as confidence-building measures IV. International transparency in arms procurement and military expenditure as confidence-building measures
-
The United Nations Register of Conventional Arms The United Nations Register of Conventional Arms
-
Participation Participation
-
Transparency versus data inaccuracies Transparency versus data inaccuracies
-
Conclusions of the group of governmental experts on UNROCA Conclusions of the group of governmental experts on UNROCA
-
-
The United Nations Report on Military Expenditures The United Nations Report on Military Expenditures
-
Regional transparency mechanisms Regional transparency mechanisms
-
Conclusions Conclusions
-
-
V. The Hague Code of Conduct against Ballistic Missile Proliferation V. The Hague Code of Conduct against Ballistic Missile Proliferation
-
Current trends in ballistic missile proliferation Current trends in ballistic missile proliferation
-
The 21st annual regular meeting The 21st annual regular meeting
-
Outreach activities Outreach activities
-
United Nations General Assembly resolutions in support of the HCOC United Nations General Assembly resolutions in support of the HCOC
-
Conclusions Conclusions
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10. Conventional arms control and regulation of new weapon technologies
Get access-
Published:11 September 2023
Cite
Extract
Overview
Europe is the only region that has created an integrated conventional arms control architecture. However, geopolitical divisions between Russia and most of the rest of the Europe over the past two decades have resulted in its erosion to the point of collapse or irrelevance—part of a wider crisis in arms control. While the Vienna Document made it possible to draw critical attention to Russia’s military build-up on its border with Ukraine, for example, it could not reverse the escalation or prevent the full-scale Russian invasion in February 2022 (see section I). The existing conventional arms control instruments also appear to have little relevance to conflict management in other long-standing, simmering conflicts in Europe, and rebuilding a new order containing supporting elements of arms control will be extremely difficult.
Many of the contemporary debates on conventional arms control are shaped by the concept of ‘humanitarian disarmament’ (see section II). The need for strong and effective humanitarian disarmament law has been underscored by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the use there of cluster munitions, anti-personnel mines (APMs) and explosive weapons in populated areas (EWIPA), especially those with wide-area effects. These attacks have resulted in large numbers of civilian casualties, but they have also generated strong international condemnation precisely because they involved weapons banned or restricted under humanitarian disarmament treaties and norms. The main multilateral treaty for regulating inhumane weapons is the 1981 Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) Convention, alongside the 1997 Anti-Personnel Mine Convention and the 2008 Convention on Cluster Munitions. Because the CCW regime operates by consensus, a small number of states that have chosen to retain, develop or use weapons seen as inhumane by others have repeatedly vetoed or stalled progress on strengthening the CCW Convention.
Sign in
Personal account
- Sign in with email/username & password
- Get email alerts
- Save searches
- Purchase content
- Activate your purchase/trial code
- Add your ORCID iD
Purchase
Metrics
Metrics
| Month: | Total Views: |
|---|---|
| November 2025 | 1 |
| January 2026 | 6 |
| February 2026 | 3 |
| May 2026 | 1 |
| July 2026 | 1 |
Get help with access
Institutional access
Access to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways:
IP based access
Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account.
Sign in through your institution
Choose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. Shibboleth/Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution's website and Oxford Academic.
If your institution is not listed or you cannot sign in to your institution's website, please contact your librarian or administrator.
Sign in with a library card
Enter your library card number to sign in. If you cannot sign in, please contact your librarian.
Society Members
Society member access to a journal is achieved in one of the following ways:
Sign in through society site
Many societies offer single sign-on between the society website and Oxford Academic. If you see "Sign in through society site" in the sign in pane within a journal:
If you do not have a society account or have forgotten your username or password, please contact your society.
Sign in using a personal account
Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members. See below.
Personal account
A personal account can be used to get email alerts, save searches, purchase content, and activate subscriptions.
Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members.
Viewing your signed in accounts
Click the account icon in the top right to:
Signed in but can't access content
Oxford Academic is home to a wide variety of products. The institutional subscription may not cover the content that you are trying to access. If you believe you should have access to that content, please contact your librarian.
Institutional account management
For librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. Here you will find options to view and activate subscriptions, manage institutional settings and access options, access usage statistics, and more.