... that occurs when family members are provided with the opportunity to veto a prospective donor’s wish to donate after death and the organs are being considered for harvesting. ⁴ I will argue that this problem can be solved—and the puzzle that it leads to dissolved—once it is recognized that autonomy...

...Yun Ma After clarifying the veto effect of EIA approval and identifying its substantive features, it is now time to set a central–local context and reveal how authority is divided among central and local organs. In China, environmental authority is shared by central and local governments. Various...

... environmental veto, drives future reproductive synchronization in temperate tree species. anthropogenic climate change environmental veto Moran effect Quercus robur reproductive effort The synchronous production of seed crops by trees (‘masting’), whereby plants display variable between...

... and parliament, second-tier posts should be subject to an effective veto, and for the remainder, holding a pre-appointment hearing should be at the discretion of the committee ( Liaison Committee, 2011 ). The government rejected the committee’s three-tier approach, but did agree to consult committee chairs...

... of the related research seems to contradict the predictions made by the deliberation–veto hypothesis. For instance, participants in Haggard and Eimer’s (1999) study performed a series of voluntary actions and reported time W in each trial. Via a median split, the authors categorized the W reports from...

... plans will be highlighted in this article, in particular the agency of ‘domestic veto players’. Immigration policy France Partisan veto players Policy gaps Sarkozy * Correspondence: [email protected] France has a long history of immigration, and this social phenomenon has been...

... case studies where “this situation is, clearly, not very unlikely.” The third suite of methods handles conflicts among input trees in a conservative way. They adopt a veto philosophy: the phylogenetic information of every source topology is to be respected, and the supertree is not allowed...

... in 1939, giving the president a qualified reorganization authority subject to legislative veto, inverted the legislative process based on an assumption of presidential representation. Article II Constitution Meriam Lewis presidential representation idea of and agenda setting removal power unitary...

... of centralized regulatory review. Furthermore, the difficulties legislators faced in utilizing their own budget process showed the limits of Congress’s ability to reassert itself. The Line Item Veto Act of 1996 marked a correspondingly brief reassertion of presidential representation, but that reform was quickly...

... contributes to understanding the legal opportunities and challenges that civil society mobilisation and legal innovators face to overcome the force of veto players in current corporate accountability affairs. The chapter first lays out the human rights standards applicable to private actors in Chile...

... primary causes of gridlock: bicameralism, the separation (and interrelation) of powers, policy-based vetoes, the Senate filibuster, and polarized, antagonistic parties in a closely divided policy. To protect state autonomy and individual liberty, the Framers created a bicameral legislature...

... they eventually agreed was, for its time, one of the most liberal constitutions in Europe. It established a unicameral parliament (Storting) which possessed both tax-raising powers and a veto over the actions of the crown, elected by a democratic franchise which gave nearly half of adult male Norwegians the vote...

...This chapter uses veto-player theory to explore the prospects for electoral reform in the UK. The chapter introduces the idea of ‘path-setting’ to show how the government can help or hinder reform depending on the particular legislative path that it chooses. It explains that reform is probably...

... of additional policy tools, leaving most of the nation's policy authority in the states. The delegates defeated Madison's national veto of state laws, instead inserting the supremacy clause. They accepted the previously inconceivable notion that the national and state governments could share sovereignty...

...This chapter develops a causal model for explaining the performance of liberal democracies. The model builds on explanatory models from three theoretical strands: comparative research on democracy, comparative public policy, and the veto player approach advocated in the context of the new...

..., but only not to be distressed, a consideration of limited scope and weight; and that the family probably should have a power of veto given the likely effect on the supply of organs. families den Hartogh Govert law and practice opt in opt out Price David Sheehy E UK Transplant substituted judgement...

...This chapter discusses the role of national water institutions in water management and veto players as inhibitors of effective water management. The water framework directive (WFD) imposes a top-down model for water management that have to be applied by all states in order to create some level...

...This chapter presents the historical development of the Swiss welfare state, which in international comparison has long been lagging behind in terms of how generous and encompassing social protection is. This initial delay is mainly due to the strength of the institutional veto points...

... conflict has become the default method to settle disputes between states and within them. The permanent members use of the veto to willfully block the Security Council from fulfilling its primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security is not only morally unconscionable...

... social policy that is relatively ineffective in addressing poverty, insecurity, and inequality. Formal political institutions—including the tardiness of universal suffrage, many institutional veto points, federalism, the underdevelopment of domestic administrative authority, and a political party system...