... prostitution brothels Soviet soldiers Soviet Union USSR SS Schutzstaffel Wehrmacht cont sexual bartering Zvychaina Olena Hilger Otto Maeger Herbert alcohol Manstein Field Marshal Erich von military command Reichenau Field Marshal Walter von consensual relations Germany protective relationships...

... and sociologists have long used the term “survival sex”, the more neutral parallel term “sexual barter” has been established in recent years as it concedes the women more agency. Indeed, many wartime relationships can be seen as complicated systems of interaction, into which the German and Polish partners brought...

... could also arise from military or professional duties: police and customs officers got to know women during questioning and arrests. Sexual barter transactions, and also sexual blackmail, could develop from such encounters. German occupiers Polish men Polish women racial segregation intimate...