... noninvasive isolates). The assay accurately detected M1_UK strains. Whole genome sequencing revealed continued presence of Australian M1_UK sublineages associated with epidemic scarlet fever–causing S pyogenes in Asia. Conclusions Our study establishes a suitable target...

.../journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model ) Outbreaks of scarlet fever in the UK, Hong Kong, and mainland China have been characterized as multiclonal, encompassing multiple emm types [ 2–4 , 6–8 ]. While northern Asian and UK emm12 scarlet fever...

... remains elusive at present. In conclusion, George H. Ramsey and the Michigan Department of Health deserve recognition for at least 2 historical contributions: 1) They established the causal role in scarlet fever transmission of one of today's main vectors of bacterial epidemics, ice cream; and 2...

... of psoriasis is highest in Northern Europe, being estimated at 2–3%. ⁶ Likewise, the highest global incidence and mortality from scarlet fever was in Northern Europe. ⁸ 2. Psoriasis is generally commoner in temperate climates, even within a single country such as China. In the northern...

... vaccine is recommended for: © The Author 2006, Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Faculty of Public Health. All rights reserved. 2006 chikungunya CJD communicable disease diphtheria measles mumps pneumococcal radiation scarlet fever wound botulism Surveillance: MRSA Policy...

...Stephan M. Curtis 1Department of History, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, A1C5S7 Canada. E-mail: [email protected]. Copyright Society for the Social History of Medicine 2004 2004 Abstract This article examines the social and economic contexts in which three scarlet fever...

...Richard Krause * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 (301) 496-4162 ; Fax: +1 (301) 496-8496 ; E-mail: [email protected] © 1997 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. 1997 Microbial factors in emerging diseases Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome Scarlet fever Factors...

... such as scarlet fever and tuberculosis. Infants not wholly breastfed were particularly vulnerable to diarrhoeal infections. Improvements such as pasteurization and bottling were slow to spread and are unlikely to have had much impact before the 1920s. Overall it is argued that ill-health caused by dirty milk...

...David M. Morens; Alan R. Katz Abstract Observed and described between 1884 and 1900, “fourth disease” (Dukes disease) followed measles, scarlet fever, and rubella as the fourth clinically characterized childhood exanthem. Like rubella (“third disease”) and erythema infectiosum (“fifth disease...

... infections may not be an adequate explanation for the decline in chronic nephritis mortality. epidemiology; scarlet fever; streptococcal infections Hansen and Susser (1) have described proposed that: "This is the expected rela- historic trends in deaths from chronic ne...

... cohorts was parallel with the trend of scarlet fever mortality at the time of their birth, a result consistent with a common source of deaths from both conditions in childhood streptococcal infection. The decline in mortality from chronic diseases of the kidney over the past...

...Scarlet fever was one of the first diseases to have an active preventive policy directed against it, and for some late nineteenth-century observers it came to represent a great triumph of preventive medicine. At the mid-century it accounted for some 10,000 deaths per annum in England and Wales. Its...

... were seen as part of the natural progression of life. The focus in this chapter is on the impact of scarlet fever, an infectious and destructive disease that struck in the early and mid-Victorian period that tested the devout Anglican families of Horsleys and Taits. In this chapter different Christian...

... syndrome, pityriasis rosea, and rickettsial rashes. measles rubella varicella erythema infectiosum roseola infantum scarlet fever enterovirus pyrexia of unknown origin See also Chapters 32 , 34 . Pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) remains a clinical challenge due to its wide differential diagnosis...

..., no matter how important you may think that you are, you should, so far as your own illnesses are concerned, consider yourself a layman.’ Christopher Booth National Health Service NHS patient care history of medicine chickenpox mumps measles scarlet fever critical care patient s oesophageal disease...

... and rhinoviruses are discussed in the case on common cold, as well as Streptococcus pyogenes and group A strep complications such as scarlet fever and rheumatic fever in the case on tonsillitis. Otitis externa complications such as mastoiditis and malignant otitis externa as well as a common...