... and depression. Therefore, much research effort in recent years has focused on understanding the potential of targeting the intestinal microbiota to prevent and treat such disorders. This review aims to explore the influence of the gut microbiota on host neural function and behavior, particularly those...

... : Relationship between ambient temperature and white finger attacks . Jpn J Ind Heath   12 , 189 – 191 ( 1970 ) Hand arm vibration Vibration induced white finger Quarry workers Peripheral circulation Sensori-neural function Abstract Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome among Quarry Workers in Vietnam: Makoto...

... attention cognition neural function essential fatty acid deficiency long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids LCPUFAs The central nervous system is highly enriched with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), especially arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4n−6) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n−3...

...This chapter reviews research identifying brain systems that are sensitive to early socioeconomic adversity, as well as the key pathways linking aspects of early adversity to alterations in neural function. The research suggests that the structure and function of an integrated network underlying...

...Linguists have mapped the topography of language behavior in many languages in intricate detail. To understand how the brain supports language function, however, we must take into account the principles and regularities of neural function. Mechanisms of neurolinguistic function cannot be inferred...

...This chapter evaluates the significance of considering residual neural function at the subclinical level in clinical practice to enhance the control of movement after spinal cord injury. Existing methods that reveal residual motor control along with knowledge of motor control generated by healthy...

...This chapter focuses on the cellular changes required to produce experience-dependent alterations in neural function. This account is grounded on issues raised by Santiago Ramón y Cajal. His treatise on neuroanatomy catalogued in 1909 a range of proposals for cellular mechanisms. Cajal envisaged...

... risk for the development of mood disorders will be reviewed. bipolar depression unipolar depression neuroimaging neural structure neural function fMRI default mode network central executive network salience network bipolar disorder depression bipolar depression imaging bipolar vs unipolar...

... characterization; (ii) as a definitive measure of sensation; and (iii) a belief that the power law transform is realized in elementary neural function. Stevens S S magnitude estimation sone scale Stevens' Power Law inter quartile intervals interval scale modulus equalization ratio scale scale type Baird J...

... range of phenomena and relates to the electrophysiology of sensory neurons. Stevens' Power Law describes the assignment of numbers to individual stimulus magnitudes. But there are empirical difficulties if one looks for a realization of the power law in elementary neural function, or uses...

...⁺. The transmembrane separation of ions is essential for the action potentials that underlie neuronal activity, but such activity results in disruption of these gradients. astrocyte-neuron interactions cell-to-cell communication interstitial fluid neural function ion distribution Action potentials transmembrane...

...This chapter examines the hypothesis that the power law transform is realized in elementary neural function. It begins by examining studies that have looked for power law relationships between stimulus magnitude and the frequency of discharge in primary neural response. Physiological responses do...

... it, but reactions to ambiguity indicate distinctly different and sometimes problematic response patterns. Studies of the relationship between neural function and behavior are currently advancing with the help of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which locates high levels of brain activity non-invasively...

...There are enduring effects of early experience on neural function. Such effects are often referred to under the rubric of “developmental programming.” This chapter reviews the emerging evidence for epigenetics as a candidate mechanism for such effects. Epigenetics refers to functionally relevant...