...This chapter deals with the past occurrences of mortality crises in Europe. However, as the study raises, there is no definite and exact definition of mortality crises: thus, the study establishes parameters or qualifications in order to consider if there are mortality crises. The study considers...

...This chapter deals with the effects caused by the factors contributing to mortality crises on a long and short-term basis. These factors include diseases connected with poverty, degenerative diseases, infectious nutritional diseases, famine, recession, unemployment stigma, chronic social stress...

... by 3 per cent. While most of the Eastern European countries suffered under the mortality crises, the Czech Republic on the other hand experienced an improvement in its population. In most of the Eastern European countries experiencing mortality crises, the main reason attributed to their mortality...

... development. It discusses the distinct phases in the long-term development of Genoa's shipping activities, which directly affected the evolution of the city's population dynamics, and highlights the impact of mortality crises and migration movements on demographic characteristics. economic growth Felloni G...